Intrinsic Muscles Of The Foot

Front 1

Flexor Digitorum Brevis attachments

Back 1

Medial process of calcaneal tuberosity, medial and lateral intermuscular septa and plantar aponeurosis. Inserts on middle phalanges of lateral four digits after dividing and redividing

Front 2

Flexor Digorum Brevis Innervation

Back 2

Medial Plantar nerve

Front 3

Flexor Digitorum Brevis function

Back 3

Flexor of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the four lesser digits and metatarsophalangeal joints

Front 4

Flexor Digitorum Brevis variations

Back 4

Tendon to 5th toe might be absent

Front 5

Abductor Digiti Minimi attachments

Back 5

Lateral and medial processes of calcaneal tuberosity and the depression in between.
It lies in a groove on the plantar surface of 5th met to insert into the lateral side of the plantar surface of the pase of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit in common with the flexor digiti minimi

Front 6

Abductor digiti minimi innervation

Back 6

Lateral plantar nerve

Front 7

Abductor digiti minimi function

Back 7

Abduct and flex the 5th digit

Front 8

Abductor digiti minimi variations

Back 8

Abductor os metatarsi digiti minimi- an accessory insertion into the base of the 5th met.

Front 9

Abductor Hallucis attachments

Back 9

Medial process of calcaneal tuberosity, flexor retinaculum, planar aponeurosis and intermuscular septum between it and the flexor digitorum brevis.
Inserts to the medial side of the plantar surface of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 1st digit. In common with the flexor hallucis brevis.

Front 10

Abductor hallucis innervation

Back 10

Medial plantar nerve

Front 11

What is the entrance of the plantar vessels and nerves into the foot covered by the abductor hallucis called?

Back 11

Porta Pedis

Front 12

Quadratus plantae attachments

Back 12

Larger medial head arises from the medial process of calcaneus.
Lateral head arises from the lateral process of calcaneus.
Both insert onto tendon of flexor digitorum longus

Front 13

Quadratus plantae innervation

Back 13

Lateral plantar nerve

Front 14

Quadratus plantae function

Back 14

accessory flexor of the lateral 4 toes. Helps flexor digitorum longus by putting tension on its tendons and straightening the line of pull of the long flexor

Front 15

Quadratus plantae variations

Back 15

Either the lateral head or the entire muscle may be absent

Front 16

Lumbricals attachments

Back 16

Take origin from the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus. The 2nd, 3rd, and 4th lumbrical arise from adjacent sides of the flexor tendons. the first lumbrical originates from the medial side of the most medial tendon.
Inserting onto the medial surface of the extensor expansion a little dorsal to the horizontal plane. The first inserts on the second digit and so on. They form "wings"

Front 17

Lumbricals Innervation

Back 17

1st lumbrical-Medial plantar nerve (off of 1st common plantar digital nerve)
2nd-4th lumbricals-Deep branch of lateral plantar

Front 18

Lumbricals function

Back 18

Flex the metatarsophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints

Front 19

Lumbricals variation

Back 19

One or more may be absent, the 3rd and 4th might be doubled.
They may insert directly onto bone instead of extensor expansion

Front 20

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Origin

Back 20

Lateral head- cuboid near peroneal groove and area adjacent to it on the lateral cuneiform
Deep fibers of medial head- tendon of tibialis posterior
Superficial fibers of medial head-Intermuscular septum between medial and central compartments

Front 21

Flexor Hallucis Brevis insertion

Back 21

Medial head- medial side of the plantar surface of base of proximal phalanx, medial sesamoid and plantar pad of hallux in common with the abductor hallucis.
Lateral head- Lateral side of the plantar surface of base of proximal phalanx, lateral sesamoid and plantar pad of hallux in common with adductor hallucis

Front 22

Flexor Hallucis brevis Innervation

Back 22

medial plantar nerve (1st proper plantar digital nerve)

Front 23

Flexor hallucis brevis function

Back 23

Flexes the first metatarsophalangeal joing

Front 24

Flexor hallucis brevis variations

Back 24

Attachment to cuboid may be absent. There may be an additional insertion into the proximal phalanx of the second digit

Front 25

Adductor Hallucis Origin

Back 25

Oblique Head- plantar surface of base of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th mets and tendon of peroneus longus
Transverse head- Plantar plates, glenoid ligaments, deep transverse metatarsal ligament

Front 26

Adductor Hallucis insertion

Back 26

Lateral side of the plantar surface of the base of the proximal phalanx, the lateral sesamoid and the plantar pad of the hallux in common with the flexor hallucis brevis.

Front 27

Adductor Hallucis innervation

Back 27

Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve

Front 28

Adductor hallucis function

Back 28

Adduct the 1st toe at the first MPJ

Front 29

Flexor digiti minimi Brevis attachments

Back 29

Plantar surface of base of 5th met and from tendon of peroneus longus and plantar aponeurosis.
Inserts on the plantar surface of the proximal phalanx of the fifth digit in common with the abductor digiti minimi

Front 30

Flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation

Back 30

Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve

Front 31

Flexor digiti minimi brevis function

Back 31

Flex and abduct the 5th digit

Front 32

Flexor digiti minimi brevis variation

Back 32

Deeper fibers may form part of a separate muscle opponens digiti minimi

Front 33

Adductor Hallucis variation

Back 33

Sometimes a portion may insert into the first met forming an opponens hallucis muscle

Front 34

Plantar interossei attachments

Back 34

Arise from the bases and medial sides of the shafts of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th mets.
Insertion- They all insert on the medial side of the bases of the proximal phalanges, capsules of the mpj joints and extensor expansions

Front 35

Plantar interossei innervation

Back 35

1st and 2nd plantar interossei-Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve
3rd plantar interossei-Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve

Front 36

Plantar interossei function

Back 36

Adductors of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th digits

Front 37

Dorsal interossei origin

Back 37

Arise from adjacent sides of mets. The 1st from the first and second mets. etc.

Front 38

Dorsal interossei insertion

Back 38

Bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansions: 1st dorsal interossei to medial side of 2nd digit. 2nd dorsal interossei to the lateral side of the second digit, the third to the lateral side of the third digit and the fourth to the lateral side of the fourth digit.

Front 39

Dorsal Interossei innervation

Back 39

1st-3rd- Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve
4th- Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve

Front 40

Dorsal interossei function

Back 40

Abductors of the digits