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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Restrictive Lung Diseases Pathophysiology
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Inflammatory damage leads to frosis of alveolar walls wiping out groups of alveoli.
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Restrictive Lung Diseases Clinical Findings
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Decreased pulmonary compliance
Mismatched ventilation and perfusion Mechanical barrier to oxygen diffusion Increased pulmonary blood pressure leading to cor pulmonale and death May see "honeycomb" lung on autopsy or radiography Hear dry "velcro crackles" |
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Where is most fibrosis of the lung seen?
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The lower lobes, where there is less air and more vasculature (exception asbestosis)
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Pulmonary fibrosis secondary to autoimmune disease
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Rheumatoid Lung
Scleroderma Lung Sjogren's Lung |
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Pulmonary fibrosis due to pneumoconiosis
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Asbestosis
Berylliosis Hard metal may all cause farmer's lung |
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Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonitis (DIP)
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Fibrosis of lung
Alveoli clog with lipid and mucin laden macrophages May turn into Hamman-Rich Treat with Steroids |
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Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis
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All septa involved about equally
No "honeycomb" cysts Treat with glucocorticoids |
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Paraquat ingestion
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severe rapid fibrosis of the lungs
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Polymyositis-Dermatomyositis
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antibodies against t-RNA (anti-Jo)
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Idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage
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babies
can be fatal |
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Angiosarcoma
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diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage
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Wegener's
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Pulmonary capillaritis
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Other Fibrosing Lung Conditions
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Histiocytosis X (coffee bean nuclei)
GVH disease lung (chemo) ARDS Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Diffuse Pulmonary Amyloidosis |
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Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
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Rare
Proliferation of smooth muscle throughout lung Women in childbearing years Treat with hormones |
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Alveolar proteinosis
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Alveoli filled with surfactant and proteinacious goop
Rare fibrosis Congenital form with surfactant protein B absent |
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Hamman-Rich Syndrome
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Pulmonary fibrosis
Middle-aged to older people Contraction of some tissue causes dilation of some spaces "honeycomb" cysts Obvious chronic inflammation No pathogen Patients have abnormal T-cells Untreatable |
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Sarcoidosis
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Multi-system disorder
Non-caseating granulomas Young adults Hypercalcemia Erythema nodosum Sarcoidosis in AV node (rare) Granulomas are sharply circumscribed Asteroid bodies may be present in giant cells Kveim test - outdated Steroid treatment |
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Good Pasture Disease
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Antibodies against basement membranes of lung and kidneys
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Eosinophilic Pneumonias
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Many causes
Usually have pulmonary infiltrates and increased eosinophils in the blood Aspergillus, microfilaria worms, some drugs |
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Lipid Pneumonia
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Exogenous - lungs response to aspirated oil, more unsaturated leads to worse inflammation
Endogenous - build up of surfactant |
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Bronchocentric granulomatosis
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Aspergillus
Caseating granulomas |
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Pulmonary fibrosis often causes what acid/base disorder?
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Respiratory alkalosis
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Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia (BOOP)
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Loose CT develops and plugs the respiratory bronchioles
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