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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a second order change?
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Changing a premise, rule or pattern of a system.
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Disturb a system by...
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Introducing a second order change.
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+According to de Shazer, for an intervention to work you (need\do not need) detailed information about the complaint.
+It (is\is not) necessary to recognize how the problem is maintained. |
do not need detailed information about the problem
is not necessary |
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The goal of Solutions Focused Therapy is
a) Elimination of symptoms b) Achievement of the goal |
b) Achievement of the goal
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After describing the miracle, then exceptions can be explored by asking...
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Are any pieces of the miracle already happening?
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Seven characteristics of well-formed goals of Solutions Focused Therapy:
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1. Small
2. Salient 3. Described with behaviors 4. Achievable in client's life 5. Requires "hard work" 6. Described as the "start of something" not the "end of something" 7. Require new behaviors, instead of stopping existing behaviors. |
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A search for exceptions usually results in ____________ that can be ____________.
If this turns up nothing then ask ___________ questions. The purpose of these questions is to ____________. Coping behaviors are _____________ and ____________. |
-pieces of the solution, amplified
-coping questions, encourage clients to identify how they had managed as well as they had -reinforced and amplified |
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List the 4 steps of problem clarification.
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1 What's the trouble?
2. Define highest priority problem. In what way is it a problem? Why now? 3. How do you hope I can help? 4. What is worst message I could give you today? What is best message? |
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List 3 parts of Solution Amplifications.
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1. Miracle Question
2. Exceptions 3. Scaling Questions |
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Describe the questions used in Attempted Solutions
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What have you tried? How did you do that?
Did it work? |
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Describe the three parts of Intervention.
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Validate the complaint.
Compliment on how well they have managed so far. Provide suggestion or homework. |
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Homework could be:
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If something works:
-do more of it -pay attention to how you do it. If something does not work -Stop doing it -Do something different - Pay attention to how you turn the problem up and down -Pay attention to how you cope -Therapist formulates alternate response that would, if performed, interrupt unsuccessful attempted solution -Therapist presents the alternative in language\context that makes sense. |
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Important question to ask at the end of the session.
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What do you most want to remember from our conversation today?
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Last task of the session.
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Make plan for next step:
-Another appointment? Regular schedule or open-ended? -Referral plan for other service (medication, group, class). |
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Six broad steps of Strategic Solution Focused Therapy
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1. Problem clarification
2. Solution amplification 3. Assess attempted solution 4. Create Intervention 5. Ask end-of-session question 6. Plan for additional services |
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When client presents multiple problems, ask:
If client persists in complex problem statement, then: |
Which of these is bothering you the most?
Validate complexity of problem, agree that everything seems connected. Say that if we attacked everything at once we would get diffused and not accomplish anything. Ask, "To make the most difference, where should we start?" |
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A good technique to elicit the who, what, when and where is to ask:
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Ask the 3-minute video question:
If I had a three minute video segment of how it goes, what would I see and hear? |
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One method to break down depression into component parts is to:
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Use humor to ask client to describe how people "do" depression.
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When clients are vague, a good technique is to:
When clients say "you know what I mean," say: |
Play "one-down"
Do not assume you know. Express concern and attentiveness with "Actually I don't yet but I really want to." |
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Ways to clarify an interaction, if it is the problem:
Knowing the interactional context helps to _______. |
-Is is what she says or what she does?
-Is it what he says or the way he puts it? -Clarify when and where the interaction occurs. Make the complaint for specific and more treatable. |
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When the complaint is a feeling, then ask:
The assumption is that: |
What happened that led the client to feel that way.
The assumption is that a person is distressed because something happened. |
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Always validate the symptomatic feelings by:
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Assuming the person has good reasons for feeling that way.
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When you think you know the problem, always ask this one extra question.
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How is this a problem?
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When a client is referred, it is always important to determine ____________.
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Who is the customer?
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When the problem is someone else's, the client is a ____________.
When there is no problem, the client is a ____________. |
Complainer.
Visitor. |
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If a person is not forced to come, but who comes at the suggestion of another, it is important to determine the person's ________________.
Ask this question: |
Degree of motivation
If so-and-so had called you today and said, I changed my mind and I no longer want you to go see a counselor, would you still be here today? |
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Asking "Why now?" elicits information about the __________.
When a client calls on a Monday, it is a good idea to ask: |
Tipping point that motivated a person to come in,
Is there anything that happened on the weekend before you called that is related to the reason you came in today? |
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When client uses labels to describe the problem (ie, bipolar), or talk about problems in the past (last year I...), always...
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Bring it into the present. Ask how this is a problem now. What actually happens?
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When clients insist on exploring the past.
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I understand you really want to explore your past. May I ask, is there something about not understanding the past that is a problem today?
If yes, then ask how it is a problem. |
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When clients want to explore the past because interactions or feeling from the past are recurring today, then ask:
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If it were possible to see results today without fully understanding the past, would that be OK?
or, Do you have to wait to understand the past in order to make things better for you today? Do you think there are things you could do today to make it better even while working on the understanding part? |
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If the client begins talking about a different problem, you should:
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Bring attention to the agreed upon problem. "I notice you are talking about Y, but last time X was the problem. What happened?"
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It is important to keep on track, if the client desires to talk about a different problem. Use these three steps:
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Ask if the first problem was solved.
Advise against moving on before the first problem was solved (first problem might come back, hard to make progress, etc.) If they still insist, go "on record" to say it is not advisable to work on too much at one time. If they still insist, explore the reasons and move on. |
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In Problem clarification you should always strive to accomplish these tasks:
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Demystify the problem
Normalize the problem Validate the client Get thoughts and feelings out in the open |
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A generalized, global problem can be clarified by asking:
Different intensities implies ______________. |
Have you ever noticed that this is sometimes more of a problem than other times?
Different intensities implies an exception, so find out why it is less intensive in certain times. Amplify the exception. |
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By asking what the client expects to get out of the therapy, could elicit answers such as:
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The client might have preset ideas of how therapy goes, or the theories that are used.
The client may just want time to vent, cry, think out loud. The client may want medication, a note to get off of work, a positive report for the court, etc. |
