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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Knowledge
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the ability to make a statement with a high probability of being correct.
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Cognitive Miser
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one who uses "cheap information" (such as ideological or religious preferences) to arrive at an opinion regarding new information or situations.
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Cognitive Consistency
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the tendency to interpret new information or issues in such a way as to be consistent with already existing views
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Cognitive Dissonance
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when views on one issue conflict with (or contradict) views on related issues (we suppose this to be rare, since individuals strive for consistency, as above)
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Descriptive Knowledge
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a precise statement of the quantity and qualities of social behavior.
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Correlational Knowledge
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a precise statement of two facts that co-vary a large percentage of the time (ie, 8 of 10 times, Y increases when X increases)
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Theory
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a precise and thorough statement of the conditions that cause behavior.
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Theoretical Knowledge
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a precise and thorough statement of all plausible conditions that explain a process or behavior.
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Normative Knowledge
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statement of beliefs and values that are morally or ethically superior
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Policy Analysis
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analysis directed at ascertaining optimal policies, usually cast in terms of costs
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Inductive Knowledge
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knowledge gained through the generalization of example or experience.
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Deductive Knowledge
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knowledge gained through the generalization of logical analysis.
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Operational Definition
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a definition that specifies the operations (procedures) required to collect information (data) about the phenomenon under study
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Spurious Factor
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(or relationship): a factor which merely appears to cause behavior because it is also related (or caused) by the true causal factor
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