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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Internal reasons
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management
capabilities availability of products / overproduction good productivity |
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External reasons
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possible buyers
saturation of domestic markets new opportunities risk diversification technological development subsidies economic growth |
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reasons not to internationalize
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barriers
lack of info risk |
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what is marketing research?
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function that links consumer, customer, and public to marketer through information used to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems
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Sources of market research data
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governments
IGO's service organizations trade associations other firms |
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Marketing research approaches
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centralized approach
decentralized approach coordinated approach |
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Marketing research methods
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interviews
focus groups observation questionnaires |
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Steps of market screening
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selection of markets
theoretical analysis (entry strategy) detailed analysis choice of market |
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Selection of markets
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previous experiences
look at your competitors markets into specific categories of development |
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Categories of development
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pre-industrial phase
developing phase fast industrialization industrialized |
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What to analyze for an export firm
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political, economic, social environment
demand level imports/exports |
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What to analyze for an integration firm
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political, economic, social environment
demand level imports/exports general attitude toward foreign investment tax system bank system labor regulation |
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Market screening: detailed analysis
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analysis of good/market/segment
analysis of competition demain analysis consumer profile marketing mix |
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The geographical environment
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location
place interaction movement region |
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Globalization drivers
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geographical environment
cultural environment economic environment financial environment political and legal environment |
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Cultural universals
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language
non-verbal language religion values and attributes education |
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G8
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Canada
France Germany Italy Japan Russia UK US |
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Newly industrialized countries
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Brazil
China India Mexico Russia Singapore S. Korea |
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OPEC
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Algeria
Angola Libya Nigeria Iran Iraq Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia UAE Ecuador Venezuela |
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G20
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Arabia, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, S. Africa, S. Korea, Spain, Turkey, UK, US
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Economic market characteristics
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population
infrastructure foreign involvement in economy (FDI/FPI) |
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Regional economic integration
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free trade area
customs union common market economic union |
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WTO objectives
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promote free trade
promote fair competition implement agreements solve economic disputes cooperate with other economic organizations |
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WTO achievements
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reduction of tariffs
universal patent regulation: TRIPS peaceful settlement of disputes liberalization of services: GATS |
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Concerns of the financial environment
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getting paid
risk financing |
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Credit policy depends on
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firm's specific factors
market characteristics transaction peculiar characteristics |
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Credit policy objectives
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help exporter determine extent of risk
allow exporter to explore new ways of financing exports prepare exporter for changing environment |
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3 possible risks
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commercial risk
political risk foreign exchange risk |
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Sources of financing
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commercial risk
political risk foreign exchange risk |
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2 political factors to check
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ideologies
political parties |
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objectives of any government
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national security
developing new industries protecting declining industries |
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How do governments restrict/favor trade?
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incentives & government programs
trade laws: tariffs and non-tariff barriers embargoes & sanctions export license requirements |
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Objectives of EEC
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customs union
monetary union improvement of education and welfare raise standard of living |
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Historical evolution of EU
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1993 Maastricht treaty: birth of EU
1996 Amsterdam treaty 2002 the Euro 2004-2007 enlargement 2009 Lisbon treaty 2013 Croatia joined the EU |
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EU Data: Current GDP
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$15.63 trillion
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EU Data: per capita GDP
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$34.500
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EU Data:
Population Labor force |
504 million
230 million |
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EU Data: unemployment rate
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10.6%
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AFTA
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ASEAN Free Trade Area:
Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam |
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EFTA
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European Free Trade Association:
Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland |
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GCC
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Gulf Cooperation Council:
Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE |
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MERCOSUR
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Southern Common Market:
Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay |
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NAFTA
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North American Free Trade Agreement:
Canada, Mexico, US |
