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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In which of the following countries do people like to be greeted by their title?
Germany Japan Mexico Arab countries |
Germany
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Messages are implicit and often highly coded in:
Low-context societies Moderate-context societies High-context societies Variable-context societies |
High Context Societies
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In the context of negotiation, Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner have noted that U.S. negotiators:
Tend to open negotiations with an extreme initial position Tend to use an emotional appeal in their negotiation style Typically have authority to bind their party to an agreement Treat deadlines as only general guidelines for wrapping up negotiations |
Typically have authority to bind their party to an agreement
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In high-context societies, the _____ style of communication is common.
Exacting Elaborate Succinct Compact |
Elaborating
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Which of the following places would be the best neutral site for a Chilean firm carrying on negotiations with a German firm?
Santiago Munich Berlin New York City |
New York City
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Researchers have found that the contextual style is often associated with:
Low-power distance, collective, high-context cultures Low-power distance, individualistic, high-context cultures High-power distance, individualistic, low-context cultures High-power distance, collective, high-context cultures |
High-power distance, collective, high-context cultures
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Which style of communication focuses on the speaker and relationship of the parties?
Personal Contextual Individual Indigenous |
Contextual
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Distributive negotiation:
Occurs when two parties with opposing goals compete over a set value Focuses on the group and is based on long-term interaction Is sometimes called a win-win scenario Involves cooperation between the two groups to integrate interests, create value and invest in the agreement |
Occurs when two parties with opposing goals compete over a set value
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Which of the following steps in the negotiation process is considered by many to be the most important?
Interpersonal relationship building Planning Exchanging task-related information Persuasion |
Persuasion
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In which step of the negotiation process does each group set forth its position on critical issues?
Persuasion Exchanging task-related information Interpersonal relationship building Planning |
Exchanging task-related information
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The primary purpose of subordinate-initiated _____ communication is to provide feedback, ask questions or obtain assistance from higher-level management.
Lateral Horizontal Upward Downward |
Upward
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Communication is the process of:
Transferring meanings from sender to receiver Choosing a course of action among alternatives Giving teams the resources they need to develop ideas and effectively implement them Using reports and other written forms to control business operations |
Transferring meanings from sender to receiver
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Communicating through the use of bodily contact is known as:
Proxemics Oculesics Chronemics Haptics |
Haptics
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In communicating on a face-to-face basis, _____ distance is used to handle most business transactions.
Social Public Personal Intimate |
Social
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A monochronic time schedule is one in which:
Things are done in a linear fashion People tend to do several things at the same time irrespective of the amount of work involved People tend to place higher value on personal involvement than on getting things done on time Things are done in a planar manner |
Things are done in a linear fashion
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Many multinational corporations use _____ as the common language for international communication.
French English Spanish Japanese |
English
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The first step in the negotiation process is:
Interpersonal relationship building Planning Exchanging task-related information Persuasion |
Planning
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Chromatics:
Is the use of sound to communicate messages Is the use of symbols to communicate messages Is the use of gestures to communicate messages Is the use of color to communicate messages |
Is the use of color to communicate messages
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The process of determining an organization's basic mission and long-term objectives and then implementing a plan of action for attaining these goals is:
Strategic management Tactical management Contingency management Functional management |
Strategic Management
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National responsiveness is the need to understand different consumer tastes in segmented regional markets and respond to different national standards and regulations imposed by autonomous agencies.
True False |
True
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When the need for national responsiveness is low and the need for global integration is high, a global strategy is appropriate.
True False |
True
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Which foreign marketing strategy is characterized by niche companies that adapt their products to satisfy the high demands of differentiation and ignore economies of scale because integration is not very important?
Multi-domestic International Globalization Transnational |
Multi-Domestic
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Strategic planning helps MNCs to do all of the following except:
Coordinate and monitor its far-flung operations Deal with political risks Determine performance Get higher profitability |
Get higher profitability
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All of the following act as disincentives for MNCs except
Restrictions on profit repatriation Controls on the transfer of technology Export maximums for generating foreign currency Limits on local market growth |
Export maximums for generating foreign currency
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A _____ is designed to help MNCs take advantage of global economies of scale while also being responsive to local customer demands.
Global matrix structure Transnational network structure Worldwide divisional structure Cross-cultural matrix structure |
Transnational Network Structure
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A common first choice among manufacturing firms, especially those with technologically advanced products, would be to develop a(n):
Domestic policy Export arrangement Cartel arrangement Import quota |
Export Arrangement
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A global area division structure most often is used by companies that are in _____ businesses and have _____ product lines.
Growing; broad Mature; narrow Growing; narrow Mature; broad |
Mature; Narrow
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A disadvantage of the international division structure is that it separates a firm's domestic and international managers, which can result in two different camps with divergent objectives.
True or False |
True
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As an organizational characteristic, _____ is the assigning of individuals to specific, well-defined tasks.
Interpretation Concentration Formalization Specialization |
Specialization
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A structure under which global operations are organized on a geographic rather than a product basis is referred to as a(n):
Global area division structure Global product division structure International division structure Global functional division structure |
Global area division structure
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Specialization in an international context can be classified into:
Diagonal and vertical specialization Vertical and parallel specialization Horizontal and vertical specialization Diagonal and parallel specialization |
Horizontal and vertical specialization
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A structural arrangement in which domestic divisions are given worldwide responsibility for product groups is referred to as a(n):
International division structure Global product division structure Global area division structure Global functional division structure |
Global product division structure
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A global functional division structure is used primarily by:
Service companies Extractive companies Light manufacturing companies Heavy manufacturing companies |
Extractive companies
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The primary reason for the use of _____ is a desire by the MNC for total control and the belief that managerial efficiency will be better without outside partners.
Licensing agreements Franchising Wholly owned subsidiaries Joint ventures |
Wholly owned subsidiaries
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The decision-making control in which local units are given autonomy is characteristic of a(n):
Global area division structure International division structure Global product division structure Transnational network structure |
Global area division structure
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Pushing decision making down the line and getting the lower-level personnel involved is referred to as:
Centralization Decentralization Horizontal specialization Vertical specialization |
Decentralization
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A _____ is a business arrangement under which one party allows another to operate an enterprise using its trademark, logo, product line and methods of operation in return for a fee.
License Franchise Certificate of proprietary usage Joint venture |
Franchise
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One disadvantage of the global product division structure is the necessity of duplicating facilities and staff personnel within each division.
True False |
True
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Examples of protective and defensive techniques include all of the following except:
Limiting the responsibility of local personnel and hiring only those who are vital to the operations Raising capital from local banks and the host government as well as outside forces Diversifying production of the product among a number of countries Producing as much of the product locally as possible with the use of in-country suppliers and subcontractors, thus making it a "domestic" product |
Producing as much of the product locally as possible with the use of in-country suppliers and subcontractors, thus making it a "domestic" product
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Expropriation is more likely to occur in:
Non-Western governments that are poor, relatively unstable and suspicious of foreign multinationals Western governments that are rich, relatively stable and are experienced in dealing with foreign multinationals Non-Western governments that are neither rich nor poor, relatively stable and are unsure about the presence of foreign multinationals Western governments that are moderately wealthy, relatively stable and are new at dealing with foreign multinationals |
Non-Western governments that are poor, relatively unstable and suspicious of foreign multinationals
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The following actions raise the political risk of doing business in China except:
Interpretation of rules and regulations by officials Industrial piracy Pressure on the MNCs to do things in a particular way Concerns on safety and reliability of product quality |
Concerns on safety and reliability of product quality
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According to the 2009 Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index, which of the following is the least corrupt nation?
India United States Spain New Zealand |
New Zealand
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_____ investments include the production of raw materials or intermediate goods that are to be processed into final products.
Vertical Matrix Conglomerate Horizontal |
Vertical
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The theory behind _____ is quite simple. The MNC works to maintain a stronger bargaining power position than that of the host country.
Analogous negotiating power Pertinent bargaining power Proportionate negotiating power Relative bargaining power |
Relative bargaining power
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All of the following are examples of integrative techniques except:
Developing good relations with the host government and other local political parties Doing as little local manufacturing as possible and conducting all research and development outside the country Producing as much of the product locally as possible with the use of in-country suppliers and subcontractors, thus making it a "domestic" product Developing effective labor-management relations |
Doing as little local manufacturing as possible and conducting all research and development outside the country
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Which of the following is not a critical business issue for successful termination of international alliances?
The basic decision to exit People-related issues Rights over sales territories and obligations to customers Relations with the host government |
Rights over sales territories and obligations to customers
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Macro risk issues often take forms such as industry regulations, taxes of specific types of business activity and various restrictive local laws.
True False |
False
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When host governments do not require alliances as a condition for entry many MNCs:
Are advised not to voluntarily pursue alliances as they tend to be problematic Are usually indifferent about establishing alliances Find that having an alliance is advantageous to their entry and expansion Are likely to consider alliances, except in emerging markets and highly regulated industries |
Find that having an alliance is advantageous to their entry and expansion
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China's decision regarding restrictions on foreign exchange transactions is a _____ political risk because it affects all MNCs.
Micro Standard Macro Multidimensional |
Macro
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Price controls, financing restrictions, export commitments, taxes and local-sourcing requirements are examples of:
Ownership-control risks Operational risks Transfer risks Functional risks |
Operational risks
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Political risks can be broken down into three basic categories. These are:
Transfer risks, ownership risks and labor risks Ownership risks, operational risks and economic risks Operational risks, bureaucratic risks and transfer risks Transfer risks, operational risks and ownership-control risks |
Transfer risks, operational risks and ownership-control risks
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According to the text, the following are all forms of terrorism except:
Classic terrorism Amateur terrorism Religious motivated terrorism Political terrorism |
Political Terrorism
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Hygiene factors include all of the following except:
Interpersonal relations Technical supervision Advancement Working conditions |
Advancement
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Expectancy theory postulates all of the following except:
Effort will lead to performance Performance will lead to specific outcomes The outcomes will be of value to the individual The employees are controlled by the external environment |
The employees are controlled by the external environment
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The theory that focuses on how motivation is affected by people's perception of how fairly they are being treated is the:
Goal-setting theory Equity theory Motivation theory Expectancy theory |
Equity theory
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The goal-setting theory focuses on how individuals go about setting goals and responding to them and the overall impact of this process on motivation.
True False |
True
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In the two-factor motivation theory, the job content factors which include achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement and the work itself are referred to as:
Inducement factors Reward factors Hygiene factors Motivators |
Motivators
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One reason that Americans and Japanese work such long hours is due to:
High stress levels Low employee turnover High cost of living Employee complacency |
High cost of living
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_____ is a psychological process through which unsatisfied wants or needs lead to drives that are aimed at goals or incentives.
Ability Inducement Assurance Motivation |
Motivation
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The two-factor theory of motivation holds that two sets of factors influence job satisfaction. These are:
Inducement, subsistence Advancement, responsibility Hygiene, motivators Recognition, rewards |
Hygiene Factors; Motivators
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To motivate employees, especially in foreign countries with high individualism companies tend to offer:
Non-financial perks Telecommunications Local area networks Financial incentives |
Financial incentives
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In the context of job design and work centrality, the acronym QWL stands for:
Quantity of Work Load Quality of Work Life Quality of Work Load Quality of Work Level |
Quality of Work life
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A basic assumption of Maslow's theory is that:
Lower-level needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs become motivators Higher-level needs must be satisfied before lower-level needs become motivators There are more ways to satisfy lower-level needs than higher-level ones A need that has been satisfied can continue to serve as a motivator |
Lower-level needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs become motivators
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A number of research efforts have been undertaken to replicate the two-factor theory and they:
Cast doubt on Herzberg's findings Support Herzberg's findings Are unable to either refute or support Herzberg's findings Prove Herzberg's findings to be utterly worthless |
Support Herzberg's findings
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Researchers like Hofstede recommended that lower-level personnel should be given:
Physical rewards The opportunity to use one's skill A cooperative environment Autonomy |
Physical Rewards
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Training programs are useful in preparing people for overseas assignments for many reasons. These reasons can be put into two general categories which are:
Organizational and personal Economic and philosophical Personal and impersonal Financial and psychological |
Organizational and personal
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An individual from a host-country who is assigned to work in the host-country is referred to as a multipatriate.
True False |
False
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Traditionally, what was the only selection criterion MNCs relied on for overseas assignments?
Training Education Previous experience Technical competence |
Education
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Historically, MNCs have staffed key positions in their foreign affiliates with:
Home-country nationals Host-country nationals Inpatriates Third-country nationals |
Home-country nationals
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This approach to developing an expatriate compensation package entails giving the individual a series of options and letting the person decide how to spend the available funds.
Lump-sum method Cafeteria approach Localization approach Balance-sheet approach |
Cafeteria approach
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This type of MNC relies on local managers from a particular geographic region to handle operations in and around that area.
Ethnocentric Geocentric Polycentric Regiocentric |
Regiocentric
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An agreement whereby the firm tells the individual how long she/he will be posted overseas and promises to give the individual, on return, a job that is mutually acceptable is a:
Strategic plan Human resource plan Labor-contract agreement Repatriation agreement |
Repatriation agreement
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A(n) _____ is a programmed learning technique that is designed to expose members of one culture to some of the basic concepts, attitudes, role perceptions, customs and values of another.
Cultural assimilator Ethnocentric regulator Educational regulator Developmental assimilator |
Cultural assimilator
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An approach to developing an expatriate compensation package that involves giving the expat a predetermined amount of money and letting the individual make his/her own decisions regarding how to spend it is referred to as localization.
True False |
False
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The process of evaluating how well a family is likely to stand up to the stress of overseas life is referred to as:
Suitability assessment Selection fitness Adaptability screening Expatriate fitness |
Adaptability screening
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The belief that one's own way of doing things is superior to that of others is:
Polycentrism Geocentrism Ethnocentrism Regiocentrism |
Ethnocentrism
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Borstorff and her associates examined the factors associated with employee willingness to work overseas and concluded that:
Married couples with teenage children are probably the most willing to move Prior international experience appears associated with willingness to work as an expatriate Unmarried employees are least willing, compared to any other group, to accept expat assignments Careers and attitudes of spouses have an insignificant impact on employee willingness to move overseas |
Prior international experience appears associated with willingness to work as an expatriate
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All of the following are correct with regard to the impact of age, experience and education on expatriate managers except:
There is universal agreement that degrees in marketing or engineering are the most desirable for expatriate managers Most MNCs strive for a balance between age and experience Many companies consider an academic degree, preferably a graduate degree, to be of critical importance to an international executive There is evidence that younger managers are more eager for international assignments than older managers |
There is universal agreement that degrees in marketing or engineering are the most desirable for expatriate managers
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An approach to developing an expatriate compensation package that involves paying the expat a salary comparable to that of local nationals is referred to as:
The cafeteria approach The balance-sheet approach Localization The lump-sum method |
Localization
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An individual from a host-country or a third-country national who is assigned to work in the home country is a(n):
Expatriate Multipatriate Inpatriate Quasi-patriate |
Inpatriate
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In general, some evidence suggests that testing is:
Extremely popular among MNCs Not extremely popular among MNCs Used more in the selection of overseas managers than domestic managers Used by a high percentage of MNCs in selecting expatriate managers |
Not extremely popular among MNCs
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There are two major types of adjustments that an expatriate must make when going on an overseas assignment. These are:
Pre-deployment adjustment and post-deployment adjustment Direct adjustment and indirect adjustment Anticipatory adjustment and in-country adjustment Iterative adjustment and continuous adjustment |
Anticipatory adjustment and in-country adjustment
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