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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lipidograms require what of the patient?
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12 hr fast
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EKGs:
1. color to the R. hand? 2. color to the L. hand? 3. color to the R. foot? 4. color to the L. foot? |
1. red
2. yellow 3. green 4. black |
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EKGs:
Report which 6 EKG characteristics: |
Rhythm
Rate Axis PR QRS Branch Blocks |
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Stress Test in NSTEMI/UA cases would be redundant in three situations
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1. Retrosternal pain
2. Exertional exacerbation 3. Relief w/ nitrates |
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Name 4 or 5 of the Rx. musts post MI:
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ASA, B blockers, clopidogrel, statins, ACEi/ARBs
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Two major drugs for Angina:
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nitros
CCb – dihydrop. |
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Name the two most common thrombo-pathologies with a risk of DVTs
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Factor V leiden
Lupus anticoagulant |
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Four mechanical obstructions that could lead to DVTs
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Tumor, LN enlargement, parasite, polycythemia
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When taking a leg circumference checking for edema, you measure where on the leg?
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10 cm from bottom of the knee cap
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#1 sign of PE? #2 sign?
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tachycardia, tachypnea
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Blood tests for DVT and there reasoning
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1. D dimers –can rule out if neg
2. CPK –embolic/ischemic tissue injury 3. Creat. --determines drugs dosing/choice 4. CBC—Plt count for HIT syndrome, RBC for anemic/Polycythemia |
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Homans' sign is a sign of _______ and is performed how?________
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1. deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
2. Positive sign: pain in the calf or popliteal region when examiner's dorsiflexion of the patient's foot at the ankle while the knee is flexed to 90 degrees |
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Eight major differences with LMWH from unfractionated heparin
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1. Average molecular weight: heparin is about 20000 Da and LMWH is about 3000 Da
2. Once-daily dosing, rather than a continuous infusion of unfractionated heparin 3. NO NEED FOR MONITORING OF THE aPTT COAGULATION PARAMETER 4. Possibly a smaller risk of bleeding 5. Smaller risk of osteoporosis in long-term use 6. Smaller risk of HIT 7. reversibility with protamine sulfate is limited 8. MAIN MOA IS ON FACTOR Xa, LESS ON THROMBIN |
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Typical dosing of LMWH
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SC 1mg/kg
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Onset of coumarin effectiveness ____ days. PT(INR) or PTT is watched? ____ its goal 'range'___.
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2-3 days
INR 2-3 |
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What effect of coumarin makes heparin-coumarin overlap a good thing and why?_____
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brief hypercoagulable state
protein S is a vit. K dependent synthesis factor ==> as a cofactor with protein C it inactivates factor Va and factor VIIIa ***especially in already Prot. S deficient patients*** |
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Four times/places to use the auscultory bell:
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1. S3
2. S4 3. Mitral regurg 4. Bowel sounds |
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T/F do all below knee DVTs need anticoagulants?___ all above knee DVTS?___
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F, T
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If INR is 2-3 but the pt's DVT is still throwing emboli, the next therapeutic measure is a _____
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IVC filter on top of anticoagulant
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EKG on a PE pt shows what three major abnormalities?
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1. RBBB
2. S1Q3T3 (deep S in 1, Q wave >1/3 of R in lead 3, TWI in 3) 3. RAD right axis deviation |
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V/Q scan for P.E. is used mainly if the patient has ____ failure; it's main drawback is ________
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renal
false positives with comorbids like COPD |
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the T wave in lead # ____ in an EKG will change with respiration
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III
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