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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Chest Pain Differential
+nausea, or dyspnea Associated with specific ECG and echocardiographic changes. |
Acute coronary syndrome
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Cardiac enzymes help establish diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
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Chest Pain Differential
“tearing” or “ripping” type, radiation to the back, mid-scapular region pulse differential (diminished pulse compared w/ contralateral side) on palpation of the carotid, radial, or femoral arteries |
Aortic dissection
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Chest x-ray may show a widened mediastinal silhouette, a pleural effusion, or both.
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Chest Pain Differential
pain with exertion, heart failure, syncope Typical systolic murmur @ base of heart radiating to neck |
Aortic stenosis
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Chest Pain Differential
- Burning-type chest discomfort, usually precipitated by meals, and not related to exertion worse lying down, improved w/ sitting |
Esophagitis
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Chest Pain Differential
Typically more reproducible chest pain insidious onset and may last for hours to weeks sharp and localized to a specific area of chest worsened by turning,deep breathing, or arm movement |
Musculoskeletal pain
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Includes muscle strain, costochondritis, and fracture.
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Chest Pain Differential
Associated with sweating, trembling, or shaking, sensations of choking, shortness of breath or smothering, nausea or abdominal distress, or feeling dizzy, unsteady, or lightheaded |
Panic attack
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May be indistinguishable from angina. Often diagnosed after a negative evaluation for ischemic heart
disease. |
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Chest Pain Differential
substernal chest discomfort that can be sharp, dull, or pressure-like in nature radiation along the trapezius ridge worse w/ inspiration & lying flat relieved w/ sitting forward |
Pericarditis
classic rub consists of three components: atrial sys- tole, ventricular systole, and diastole |
ECG changes may include ST-segment elevation (usually diffuse) or more specifically (but less common) PR segment depression
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Chest Pain Differential
Sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea decreased breath sounds on the affected side |
Pneumothorax
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Chest x-ray or CT confirms the diagnosis.
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Chest Pain Differential
+acute pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea,(less often cough&hemoptysis) Look for risk factors (immobilization, recent surgery, stroke, cancer, previous VTE disease). |
Pulmonary embolism
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Chest Pain Differential
young women anginal symptoms, ST depression on exercise testing, and normal coronary arteries on angiography |
Syndrome X
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strong correlation with psychiatric disorders.
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Chest Pain Differential
pain lasting minutes to hours and resolving either spontaneously or w/ antacid positional, worse when lying down and after meals, or awakens patients from sleep |
Gastroesophageal reflux
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