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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Causes of non-volume responsive met alkalosis
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Hydrocortisone
Barter's Gilbert's |
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how to decrease pericarditis in Dressler's
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NSAIDs
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Ca and PO4 in osteomalacia
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Ca low, PO4 low
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APS and cholesterol emboli present with what skin Sx
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livedo reticularis: lacy pattern on legs
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Dx that gives highest yield info in solitary pulm nodule
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Surgical excision
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Skin condition assoc c diarrhea, IgA in dermal papillae, urticarious vesicles on knees/vesicles
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Dermatitis herpetiformis
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Bx of dermatitis herpetiformis reveals
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Neutrophilic/eosinophilic microabscesses @ derm-epidermal jxn
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Immune complex & complement deposition in dermal-epidermal jxn
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lupus
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IgG directed against dermal-epidermal jxn
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bullous pemphigoid
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Common electrolyte disturbances of refeeding syndrome
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Hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesiumia
Intracellular stores are depleted & rapidly taken by cells |
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3 classes of med most common implicated in exacerbating psoriasis
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beta-blockers, lithium, anti-malarials
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CA should be r/o in all pt c type II RTA
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multiple myeloma: amyloid deposition causes loss of bicarb proximally
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Commonly prescribed hormone that increases risk of ischemic colitis
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Estrogen
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Cinchonism after quinine presents c 5
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Vertigo, tinnitis,
diaphoresis, fever, anaphylactoid reaction |
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When use quinine for malaria
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chloroquine-resistant malaria
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exudate effusion/serum LDH ratio of?
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> 0.6
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pulsus paradoxus is what change in SBP during inspiration
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decline (normal but exacerbated)
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PT/INR evaluates which pathway? Which factors?
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Evaluates extrinisic: I, II, V, VII, X
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why do pt with celiac dz, Crohns and panc insufficiency have high risk of kidney stones
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High intestinal fat increase oxalate absorption
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most common complications of systemic sclerosis:
pulm 2 Renal 3 |
Pulm: pulm fibrosis, pulm arterial HTN
Renal:acute renal crisis from vasospasm, vasculitis, GN |
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Tx of choice for acute renal crisis from scleroderma
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ACE-I
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indication for monotherapy c alpha-adrenergic antagonist
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only as adjunctive
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medical condition for which prazosin is used 2
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BPH, bad HTN
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lab value to distinguish from primary HPTH from paraneoplastic hypercalcemia
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PTH level:
high if primary low if PTHrP |
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If see dec serum Ca, should order what? 2
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Ionized Ca, Alb
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why need alb for correction value of Ca
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Alb is negative; Ca binds to it
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To r/in acute HBV inf? 2
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HBsA, core Ab
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When HBsA not + in HBV infected pt
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Window period: precipitates out of solution
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Maculopapular rash on palms that spreads centrally, accompanied by fever, recent camping trip
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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: ricksetti
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role of dig in CHF Tx
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No change in mortality; dec morbidity; dec hospitalizations
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lab values to check frequently with dig
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daily chem, dig levels
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top 4 ekg changes suggestive of active MI
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STE/new LBBB, STD, new Q waves
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top 2 causes asteristix
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hepatic encephalopathy, uremia
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sentinel loop on radiograph is?
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represent isolated dilated loop of bowel near inflamed organ
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autoimmune dz assoc c NHL
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sjogren's syndrome; RA
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what immunocompromised pt get NHL 2
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AIDS, organ transplants
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Inf assoc c NHL 3
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EBV -> Burkitt's, CNS; HTLV -> T cell; HHV-8, HCV, h. pylori -> gastric MALToma; HIV -> B cell lymphoma
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Common causes of non-megaloblastic macrocytic anemia 4
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EtOH: AST/ALT > 2, mild macrocytosis
Chronic liver dz Hypothyroidism Hemolytic anemia |
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prophylatic abx in AIDS pt c CD4 <50
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TMP-SMX (PCP), Azithromycin (MAC)
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Tx of choice pneumococcal meningitis 3
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vanco, ceftriaxone, dexamethasone
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HbH dz falls into what class of anemia
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alpha thalassemia -> 3 defective alpha genes
beta chains only |
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microbe that causes GBS
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campylobacter jejuni (undercooked poultry)
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typical presentation for GBS
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post-inf ascending paralysis; hyporeflexic 2o/2 distal neuropathy
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Tx of choice for MRSA PNA
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Vanco
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Who is at risk for MRSA PNA
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nasopharyngeal carriage, recently hospitalized, immunocompromised, COPD
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smoking cessation in COPDers does what? 2
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slight improvement; dec clinical decline
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microcytic anemia warrant peripheral blood smear + what?
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PBS, Ferritin level
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type of CA to concer in microcytic anemia
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Colon CA
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appetite stimulant of choice for CA pt
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Megestrol: progesterone
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exfoliative dermatitis, nephrotic syndrome, stomatitis assoc c
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Gold
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partial v absence seizure
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partial: aura, stereotyped movements, post-ictal phase
absence: no aura, no post-ictal, few seconds |
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STEMI undergo what therapy right away
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IV heparin, IIb/3a inh, clopidigrel
Minimize door to balloon-> cath lab for PCI |
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Leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pt c acute pancreatitis
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inf pancreatitic necrosis
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ABO universal donor
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O neg
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Universal plasma donor
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AB positive
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sterile thrombotic endocarditis, and sterile thrombophlebitis most assoc c what class of CA
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visceral adenocarcinoma
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Drug of choice for beta-blocker tox
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lots of Glucagon
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partial agonist beta-blocker c/in in angina
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acebutalol
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beta-blocker used for angina
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metoprolol, labetalol, carvedilol,
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Tx of choice for mets prostate CA
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palliative radiation and leuprolide
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M/A leuprolide
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GnRH-agonist -> constant stimulus -> lose pulsatile -> suppresses production LH/FSH -> suppress testosterone
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acute ischemic limb medical mgmt
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start heparin drip
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type of amyloidosis in pt on dialysis
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beta-2 microglobulin
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biggest complications of amyloidosis in dialysis pt 2
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Tenosynovitis, neuropathy (esp carpal tunnel)
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extremely common drugs that cause thrombocytopenia
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Abx: sulfa, PCN, antivirals
thiazide Heparin, even besides HIT |
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GI dz c recurrent laryngitis, asthma, chronic cough
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GERD
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viral inf commonly assoc c polyarteritis nodosa
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HBV
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LDL < 100, DM should strive for what second goal
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non-HDL < 130 or TG < 150 (VLDL ~ TG/5)
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IFN injected directly into HPV wart
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IFN-alpha
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effect of PEEP on preload
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incr intrathoracic pressure -> decreases preload
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role of Cx in diagnosing disseminated gono? what has better sensitivity
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specific, not sensitivity
25-50% of true joint gono will grow 25% of true BCx gono will grow Cervical & urethral swab more likely |
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most common extra-articular manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis
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anterior uveitis
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murmurs of HOCM best auscultated where
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LLSB
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membranous or MPGN assoc c hypocomplementemia
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MPGN
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best test to screen for hemophilia
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PTT -> abnormal VIII or IX
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primary organ involved in clearance of metformin
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kidney
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biggest complication of metformin
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lactic acidosis
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acute upper GIB w/u if hemodynamically stable
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upper endoscopy
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non-GI cause epi pain to r/o
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AMI
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natural Hx of post-partum cardiomyopathy
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resolve in 6m after delivery; risk of recurrence in further preg 20+%
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Drug of choice for shingles 2
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Vamcylovir, Valacyclovir
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Tx of choice for warm Ab mediated hemolytic anemia
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immunosuppression -> prednisone
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tests for w/u Sjogren's syndrome
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Schimer's test: quantify amt of fluid
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Bloodwork for Sjogren's syndrome
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Auto-Ab: Anti-SSA & Anti-SSB
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definitive Dx technique for Sjogren's
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lip Bx or parotid Bx
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hypotension refrac to fluid resus & vasopressor -> do what?
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Pressors: norepi, dopamine
Stress-dose steroids |
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Nitro effective for unstable angina b/c
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Coronary venule vasodilation -> pooling -> lower vent preload -> less demand
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top 2 org implicated in esophagitis of immunocompromised
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candida, HSV
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Tx for candida esophagitis
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upper endo, anti-candidal (fluconazole)
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molecular marker for polycythemia vera
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jak-2
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what is polycythemia vera
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d/o of xs RBC production in marrow
if primary, will have low EPO |
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cardiovascular complication assoc c pleuritic CP, diffuse STE, neoplastic dz/uremia/autoimmune
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acute pericarditis
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tear drop cells on PBS signify
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myelofibrosis: overprolif of marrow matrix
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ingesting what substance result in anion gap metab acidosis & renal failure? what UA finding?
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UA: rectangular crystals
Ethylene glycol |
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common causes non-anion gap metabolic acidosis
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GI loss of bicarb (diarrhea)
RTA I, II, IV Hypoaldosteronism (acid retention)<- Addisons, Spironolactone |
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Rx used for prophylaxis of sickle cell crisis
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hydroxyurea -> incr Hb F
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Electrolyte disruptance: constipation, confusion, polydispsia, polyuria, bone pain
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Hypercalcemia
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Acute cerebellar ataxia suggest what infection?
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VZV
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screening test for hemachromatosis included in HF in northern euro? What not as specific but helpful?
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Transferrin saturation extremely high
Serum Fe/transferrin level Ferritin in the thousands |
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Pt on chronic steroids greater than ___ need supplementation if going for surgery/stress
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20 mg/day; 50 first day and taper after
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