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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are three functions of the skin?
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insulates and cushions body tissues, protects body from mechanical damage, chemical damage, thermal damage, and bacterial invasion, retgulates heat loss, mini-excretory system, site of Vitamin D sythesis
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Keratin
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Gives the epidermis its durability and protective capabilities. Contributes to skin color
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Melanocytes
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spidery black cells that produce melanin.
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Langerhans' cells
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phagocytic cells that play a role in immunity
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Merkel cells
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form sensitive touch receptors called Merkel discs
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What are the layers of the epidermis from most superficial to deep?
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Stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
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Stratum Basale
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It's cells are constantly undergoing mitotic cell division.
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Stratum spinosum
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these cells appear spiky, cells divide fairy rapidly in this stratum, but less than in the basale.
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Stratum lucidum
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Found only in thick skin, very translucent band of flattened dead keratinocytes
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Stratum lucidum
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Found only in thick skin, very translucent band of flattened dead keratinocytes
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What are the two layers of the Dermis?
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Papillary layer and Reticular layer
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Papillary layer
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More superficial of dermal region composed of areolar connective tissue, Very uneven with fingerlike projections from its superior surface. Attaches dermis to epidermis. Meissner's corpuscles are found here
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Reticular layer
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deepest skin layer, Contains many accessory organs of the skin
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What are three factors that influence skin color?
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Melanin and carotene in the skin, the degree of oxygenation of the blood
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Arrector pili muscle
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small bands of smooth muscle cells that connect each hair follicle to the papillary layer of the dermis, when these muscles contract the slanted hair follicle is pully upright, making the skin have goosebumps.
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Sebaceous Glands
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Found all over the skin except in palms of the hand and soles of the feet. Sebum is the product of these glands.
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What is the function of Sebaceous glands?
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Acts as a lubricant to keep skin soft and moist, keeps hair from becoming brittle
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What are the two types of Sweat glands?
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Eccrine and Apocrine glands
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Eccrine Glands
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Glands all over body that produce clear perspiration of primarily of water, salts and urea. Important parts of body's heat-regulating apparatus.
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Apocrine glands
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Found mainly in the axillary and genital areas. Secrete a milky protein and fat rich substance.
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What are the two sensory receptors in skin?
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Meissner's corpuscle (on surface detects light touches) and Pacinian corpuscle (deeper and detect pain)
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