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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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location of brainstem?
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posterior part of the brain, adjoining and structurally continuous with the spinal cord.
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tracts/pathways which pass through the brainstem?
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● the corticospinal tract (motor)
● the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway (fine touch, vibration sensation and proprioception) ● the spinothalamic tract (pain, temperature, itch and crude touch). |
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frontal lobe functions?
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personality
emotional response social behaviour |
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parietal lobe - dominant side functions?
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calculation
language planned movement appreciation of size, shape, weight and texture |
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parietal lobe - non dominant side functions?
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spatial orientation
constructional skills |
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occipital lobe functions?
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analysis of vision
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temporal lobe - dominant side functions?
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auditory perception
speech, language verbal memory smell |
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temporal lobe - non dominant side functions?
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auditory perception
music, tone sequences non-verbal memory (faces, shapes, music) smell |
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examination of trigeminal (V) nerve?
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1) sensory
2) motor 3) 2 reflexes 1) light touch in V1 V2 V3 divisions pain in same divs touch ant 2/3 tongue (maybe use tongue depressor) 2) obs mms of mastication (masseter/temporalis/med+lat pterygoid) clench teeth active resist jaw opening 3) 1st reflex = corneal (bilat = V1 lesion, unilat = VII lesion) 2nd reflex = jaw jerk (norm is absent or just present) |
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examination of CNVII?
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motor & taste
1) wrinkle forehead/bare teeth/resist eyes opening/blow out cheeks resisted 2) sugar/salt/vinegar ant 2/3 tongue |
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why assess XI and X together?
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unilateral IX lesions rare
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unilat lesion of X results in?
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deviation of uvula when saying aaah
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bilat lesion of X can cause what type of palsies? associated with what symptoms?
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bulbar and pseudobulbar palsies.
sxx = dysphagia, dysarthria ("ARTICULATE") and either UMNL or LMNL of XII |
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common causes of unilat IX and X lesions?
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skull base tumours (inc meningioma)
skull base # lateral medullary syndrome |
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common causes of recurrent laryngeal n (branch of X) lesion?
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lung cancer
mediastinal lymphoma aortic arch aneurysm post-thyroid surgery |
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common causes of bilat X lesion?
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progressive bulbar palsy (motor neuron disease)
bilat supranuclear lesions (pseudobulbar palsy): CVD, MS |
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corticospinal tracts? aka PYRAMIDAL
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motor power
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lateral spinothalamic tract?
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pain + temp
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anterior (or ventral) spinothalamic tract?
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crude touch
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Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway?
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fine touch, vibration, proprioception
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Spinocerebellar tract?
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proprioception
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extrapyramidal tracts?
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motor reflexes + coordination
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