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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Antiseizure (anticonvulsants)
Older agents |
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Phenobarbital (Luminal) Carbamazapine (Tegratol) Valproic acid (Depakote) |
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Antiseizure (anticonvulsants)
Newer agents |
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Levetiracetam (Keppra) Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal) Tiagabine (Gabitril) Topiramate (Topamax) Gabapentin (Neurontin) |
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Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
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Class: Antiseizure-newer agent
Indication: All purpose epileptic, treat bipolar dosorder MOA: block Na+ and Ca++ channels, decrease glutamate release AE: N/V, blurred vision, double vision, ataxia, depression, rhinitis, insomnia, tremor, dizziness, headache CI: Hypersensitivity, Lactation |
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Levetiracetam (Keppra)
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Class: Antiseizure-newer agent
Indication: Used for seizure control, migraine, bipolar disorder MOA: unknown, no interaction w/ neurotransmitters AE: CI: Hypersensitivity, Lactation |
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Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)
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Class: Antiseizure-newer agent
Indication: Treat epilepsy, partial seizures MOA: blocks Na+ channels AE: Dizziness, drowsiness, hyponatremia, serioius skin reactions, induce/inhibit CYP450 CI: Hypersensitivity, Lactation |
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Tiagabine (Gabitril)
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Class: Antiseizure-newer agent
Indication: Used for partial seizure as adjunct therapy for bipolar disorder and migraine MOA: block reuptake of GABA, enhances GABA activity AE: Dizziness, drowsiness, nervousness, weakness, dyspnea, chest pain, dry skin |
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Topiramate (Topamax)
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Class: Antiseizure-newer agent
Indication: Used broadly for seizures, migraine prophylaxis, bipolar disorder, cluster headache, eating disorder, cocaine dependence MOA: Block Na+, Ca++ channels, and glutamate receptors, potentiate GABA activity AE: Sleepiness, dizziness, ataxia, nervousness, metabolic acidosis via inhibition of carbonic anhydrase, reduced sweating, hyperthermia |
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Gabapentin (Neurontin)
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Class: Antiseizure-older agent
Indication: Partial seizures (adjunct treatment), post-herpetic neuralgia MOA: structurally similar to GABA, enhance GABA release AE: confusion, depression, drowisness, ataxia, vertigo, weakmess, hypertension |
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Phenytoin (Dilatin)
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Class: Antiseizure (anticonvulsants)- older agent
Indication: Treat all type of seizure except absence (adults & older children), cardiac dysrhythmias, status epilepitcus Alter ion transport, decrease synaptic transmission and automaticity, shorten action potentials MOA: Block Na+ channels AE: Nystagmus, diplopia (double vision), sedation, ataxia, hirsutism, gingival hyperplasia, skin rash, cardiac dysrhythmia & hypotension CI: Hypersensitivity, alcohol intolerance, sinus bradycardia |
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Phenobarbital (Luminal)
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Class: Antiseizure (anticonvulsants)- older agent
Indication: Treats epilepsy (partial and generalized tonic-clonic; less disrupting to CNS function), induction of sleep and sedation MOA: Affinity for GABA, enhance GABA inhibition, potentiates effect of GABA (prolongs channel opening) AE: Drowsiness, physical dependence, enzyme inducer, additive effects w/ other CNS depressants |
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Carbamazapine (Tegretol)
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Class: Antiseizure (anticonvulsants)- older agent
Indication: Treat Tonic-clonic, simple partial and complex partial seizures, bipolar disorder, trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgias MOA: Block Na+ channels, possibly Ca++, K+ channels, auto-induced metabolism (decreased half-life, dose adjusted) AE: Nystagmus, blurred vision, diplopia, ataxia, vertigo, unsteadiness, headache, bone marrow suppression → hematological effects, rash |
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Valproic acid (Depakote)
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Class: Antiseizure (anticonvulsants)- older agent
Indication: Treat epilepsy, all type of seizures, bipolar disorder, migraine prevention MOA: Increases concentration of GABA, block Na+ channel, inhibit GABA enzyme reuptake AE: N/V, Hepatotoxicty, Pancreatitis |
