Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Anticholinergics
(cholinergic antagonists) Sympathetic response |
Atropine
Trihexyphenidyl (Artane) Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) Oxybutynin (Ditropan) Trospium chloride (Sanctura) Solifenacin (Vesicare) |
|
|
Atropine
|
Class: Anticholinergic
Indication: 1. Induces mydriasis (pupil dilation) → topical 2. Inhibits bradycardia caused by excessive vagal activity 3. Reduces salivation and mucus production 4. Reverses effects of cholinergic agonists (i.e. mushroom poisoning) 5. Decreases cholinergic stimulation in Parkinson’s MOA: Direct Mucarinic > nicotinic AE:Constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision from dilated pupils, heat stroke (body temp regulators ineffective), decreased sweating, tachycardia |
|
|
Trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
|
Class: Anticholinergic
Indication: 1. Used to treat Parkinson’s symptoms (i.e. decreases locomotor symptoms) 2. Restores “balance” between DA and Ach in neural circuits in basal ganglia MOA: Direct mucarinic, nicotinic AE:Constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision from dilated pupils, heat stroke (body temp regulators ineffective), decreased sweating, tachycardia |
|
|
Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)
|
Class: Anticholinergic
Indication: Bronchodilation in COPD, emphysema, and bronchitis MOA: Direct muscarinic Poor absorption AE: Constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision from dilated pupils, heat stroke (body temp regulators ineffective), decreased sweating, tachycardia |
|
|
Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
Trospium chloride (Sanctura) Solifenaci (Vesicare) |
Class: Anticholinergic
Indication: Increases GI and urinary tract activity (smooth muscle contractions) MOA: Direct Muscarinic (bladder) AE:Constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision from dilated pupils, heat stroke (body temp regulators ineffective), decreased sweating, tachycardia |
|
|
Anticholinergic adverse effects
|
Constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision from dilated pupils, heat stroke (body temp regulators ineffective), decreased sweating, tachycardia
|
|
|
Adrenergics
[Sympathomimetics] (adrenergic agonists) |
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Norepinephrine (Levophed) Dopamine (Intropin) Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) Dobutamine (Dobutrex) |
|
|
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
|
Class: Andrenergic
Indication: Increases BP and CO Reverses bronchospasm in anaphylactic shock MOA: Direct, endogenous α, β1 (heart), β2 (lungs) Target tissues: heart, vascular and bronchial smooth muscle AE: Headache, insomnia, paradoxical bronchospasm, tachycardia, N/V, hyperglycemia, HTN |
|
|
Norepinephrine (Levophed)
|
Class: Andrenergic
Indication: Increases BP and CO by vasoconstriction (α1), β1- minor myocardial stimulation MOA: Direct, endogenous Prefers α1, minimal β2 AE: Tremor, dizziness, dyspnea, bradycardia, HTN, renal failure |
|
|
Dopamine (Intropin)
|
Class: Andrenergics
Indication: Increases cardiac output, BP, and improves renal blood flow MOA: Direct, endogenous D1- low dose β1- 2-10 ug/kg/min α1- >10 ug/kg/min AE: Headache, dyspnea, arrhythmia, hypotension, vasoconstriction palpitations, angina, ECG change, N/V |
|
|
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
|
Class: Andrenergics
Indication: Systemic vasoconstriction → relieves decongestion MOA: Direct α1 AE: Anxiety, headache, insomnia, arrhythmia, dyspnea, tremor, HTN, pallor, chest pain |
|
|
Dobutamine (Dobutrex)
|
Class: Andrenergics
Indication: Increases heart contractibility (increased CO without increased HR) MOA: Direct β1 (minimal α1) AE: HTN, increased HR, premature ventricular contractions |
|
|
Dopamine (Intropin)
|
Class: Andrenergics
Indication: Increases cardiac output, BP, and improves renal blood flow MOA: Direct, endogenous D1- low dose β1- 2-10 ug/kg/min α1- >10 ug/kg/min AE: Headache, dyspnea, arrhythmia, hypotension, vasoconstriction palpitations, angina, ECG change, N/V |
|
|
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
|
Class: Andrenergics
Indication: Systemic vasoconstriction → relieves decongestion MOA: Direct α1 AE: Anxiety, headache, insomnia, arrhythmia, dyspnea, tremor, HTN, pallor, chest pain |
|
|
Dobutamine (Dobutrex)
|
Class: Andrenergics
Indication: Increases heart contractibility (increased CO without increased HR) MOA: Direct β1 (minimal α1) AE: HTN, increased HR, premature ventricular contractions |
