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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Regular insulin (CZI), insulin lispro, insulin aspart, insulin glulisine are considered what kind of insulin?
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short-acting
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When are intermediate-acting insulins frequently used ?
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daily, regular diabetes treatment
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Lente and NPH are what types of insulin?
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intermediate acting
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What are the long acting insulins (3)?
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insulin glargine
PZI and Insulin detemir |
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Which type of insulins are "peakless" and onset time of 2-4 hours with a duration of 24 hours?
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long acting insulins
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What is the first line medication upon dx of Type 2 diabetes mellitus?
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Metformin
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What are the 2 alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and what is their MOA?
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acarbose and miglitol
inhibit the GI tract's ability to degrade CHO's |
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What class of glycemic meds can cause edema, wt gain, NEW ONSET heart failure, exacerbation of CHF, and are hepatotoxic?
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"glitazones"
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How do sulfonylureas work as glycemic agents?
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promote insulin release from beta-islet cells
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What is the analogue of amylin?
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Pramlintide
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What are the 2 classes of incretin system agonists?
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DDP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 Analogues
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What 2 agents are GLP-1 analogues?
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Exenatide and Liraglutide
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What 2 agents are DPP-4 inhibitor?
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Sitagliptan and Saxagliptan
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What do incretins work to do?
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increase insulin release from beta islet cells, decrease the rate of gastric emptying, and to inhibit glucagon release
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What is the defect in type I hyperlipidemia?
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apo-CII defect
lipoprotein lipase deficiency abnormal lipoprotein lipase |
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What is the defect in type IIA hyperlipidemia?
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defect of LDL receptor
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what is the defect in type IIB hyperlipidemia?
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mutant apoprotein B100
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what is the defect in type III hyperlipidemia?
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mutant apo E
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what is the cause of type IV hyperlipidemia?
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overproduction of VLDL
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What is the most common inherited hyperlipidemia?
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Type IV - familial hypertriglyceridemia
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What are the DOC for hypertriglyceridemia?
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fibric acid agents
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What are the CV risk factors for cholesterol management? (5)
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smoking, age, family HX of CAD, hypertension, and low HDL
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Clofibrate, fenofibrate, and gemfibrozil are what types ofagents?
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fibric acid agents
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What is the representative agent of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ("statins") and what is the major adverse effect?
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lovastatin
all are hepatotoxic |
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What are the DOC for hypercholesterolemia?
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"statins"
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What two classes of agents have anti-HTN effects and anti-inflammatory effects because of their ability to ultimately cause a decrease in aldosterone levels?
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ACE (-) and "statins"
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What are the DOC for hypertriglyceridemia?
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fibric acid agents
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What are the CV risk factors for cholesterol management? (5)
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smoking, age, family HX of CAD, hypertension, and low HDL
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Clofibrate, fenofibrate, and gemfibrozil are what types ofagents?
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fibric acid agents
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What is the representative agent of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ("statins") and what is the major adverse effect?
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lovastatin
all are hepatotoxic |
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What are the DOC for hypercholesterolemia?
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"statins"
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What two classes of agents have anti-HTN effects and anti-inflammatory effects because of their ability to ultimately cause a decrease in aldosterone levels?
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ACE (-) and "statins"
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