Insects In Society Exam 1

Front 1

pneumonic to remember order of classes for living things

Back 1

Keep Putting Coffee On For Good Students

Front 2

what type of symmetry do athropods have?

Back 2

bilateral- body can be divided in 2 identical halves

Front 3

what kind of circulatory system do insects have?

Back 3

open: no veins/arteries, blood washes over organs

Front 4

what do insects have like our spinal cord?

Back 4

ventral nerve cord

Front 5

what do insects have instead of a brain like humans?

Back 5

Ganglia: little groups of nerves segmentally arranged insead of in 1 large mass like our brain

Front 6

what type of respiratory system do insects have? how does air enter?

Back 6

tracheal respiratory system- tubes (trachaea) carry oxygen as gas in air to tissues where it's needed
-air enters thru SPIRACLES (holes) in body

Front 7

subphylum crustacea- live where mostly? special char.?

Back 7

live mostly in water, but a few on land, most have gills

Front 8

order Decapoda- what are they?

Back 8

lobsters, crabs, crayfish, shrimp

Front 9

Isopoda- what are they? feed on what? special char.?

Back 9

Pill bugs/ slow bugs- feed on detritus, some roll into ball
*among few land crustaceans

Front 10

subphylum Chilicerata- what are they?

Back 10

spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions, etc.

Front 11

Arachnids- what are fangs called? how do they digest?

Back 11

hold prey with Chelicerae (fangs) and pour enzyme rich saliva to digest externally

Front 12

what is a stabilimentum?

Back 12

white zig-zag in web- many reasons like stability, camouflage, bird warning, etc.

Front 13

black widows- how aggressive? males vs. females? are bites painful?

Back 13

-not very aggressive
-F lg w/ red hourglass, M small w/ yellow/orange hourglass
-bites immediately painful-->very poisonous neurotoxin

Front 14

brown recluse- nickname? appearance? how aggressive? are bites painful and what is in them?

Back 14

-"fiddle back" bc of shape
-tan w/ long legs and 3 pairs of eyes not 4
-like to hide but very aggressive
-bites not painful right away
-bites contain neurotoxin and necrotoxin (rots flesh, open sore for months, often needs surgery)

Front 15

arachnidia: narrow pinchers vs. broad pinchers

Back 15

narrow: poisonous to us
broad: not

Front 16

Order Acari- what are they? how many body regions? how big?

Back 16

mites, etc.
1 body region
very small

Front 17

chiggers- what are they actually? how do they attatch? what do they do to eat?

Back 17

-immature harvest mites
-attach to skin w/ 2 claws
-2 blade-like beaks enter skin and inject fluid dissolves skin to form a stylostome (that's what itches)

Front 18

ticks- how many body segements? legs young vs adult? how does it eat?

Back 18

-2 body segments, 6 legs young & 8 legs adult
-completely embeds head, buries barbed mouth (hypostome) in flesh and secretes anticoagulants

Front 19

order opioliones- what are they? do they have segmented abdomens?

Back 19

daddy long legs
no segments in abdomen

Front 20

subphylum Atelocerata- what are they?

Back 20

insects!

Front 21

millipedes- how many legs per segment? dangerous? eat what?

Back 21

-2 leg pairs per segment, harmless, eat detritus

Front 22

centipededs- how many legs per segment? dangerous? color?

Back 22

-1 leg pair per segment
-dangerous: poison claws feel like bee sting
-shiny reddish brown

Front 23

class hexopoda- insects: what fraction of all animal species and what fraction of all living things? what do most insects share in common?

Back 23

-3/4 of all animal species (750,000 species) and HALF of all living things
-all have head, thorax, abdomen
-all have 3 pair legs with 1 pair on each thorax segment
-most have 2 pairs of wings

Front 24

molting: what part of skin sheds? what triggers shedding? what is exoskeleton made of?

Back 24

epicuticle and exocuticle
-controlled by indocrine system, gut receptors indicate stretching and brain cells screte hormones
-chitin (similar to cellulose/fiber glass)

Front 25

how do insects hear? how do they feel and smell?

Back 25

-hear w/ membranes stretched like drums
-feel and smell w/ hairs

Front 26

are insects susceptible to water loss? how do they combat it?

Back 26

-yes, very, b/c of their small size
-catch water from air on abdomen, excrete uric acid as a solid, make metabolic water, and heavy wax layers on plates keep water form evap.

Front 27

diapause vs. quiescence

Back 27

-diapause: suspended development occuring bc of change in photoperiod; genetically programmed and irreversible once started; does not start immediately bc of envt
-quiescence: period of inactivity in direct response to env'tal conditions, reversible once started

Front 28

what is parthenogenesis? what about viviparious reproduction? oviviparious reproduction?

Back 28

-asexual reproduction (like cloning)
-vivi: live young (flies)
-ovivi: eggs (aphids)

Front 29

how does short generation time help insects thrive?

Back 29

rapid production allows for genetic adaptations to env'tal changes (i.e. resistance to insecticides)

Front 30

what always happens right when insects hatch from egg?

Back 30

ALWAYS begin eating

Front 31

No metamorphosis: what are the only changes to take place? what is a char. of all of them?

Back 31

-only body proportion and reproductive organs change
-ALL are wingless
-food source stays same
-ex) silverfish & firebrats

Front 32

incomplete metamorphosis: how does appearance change? what are immatures called? does food source/habitat change?

Back 32

-gradual change in appearance w/ wings developing slowly
-immatures: nymphs
-havitat & food source stay same

Front 33

3 stages of complete metamorphosis:

Back 33

1)larva
2)pupa
3) insect

Front 34

order coleoptera: what are they? how abundant? special char? antannae? fly often? what do they eat? what are larvae called?

Back 34

-beetles
-lgest order of insects
-1st pair of wings hard and armor like (elytra)
-many types of antennae
-do not fly often
-predators, scavengers, or plant feeders-> well developed mandibles
-larvae called grubs

Front 35

order diptera: what are they? what's special about the wings? what types of mouthparts? how good are eyes? what does 2nd wing pair do?

Back 35

-true flies (flies, mosquitoes, gnats)
-ONE pair of wings
-piercing/sucking mouthparts
-good compound eyes
-2nd wing pair modified into halteres which are used to balance

Front 36

order lepidoptera: what are they? what are the wings like? antannea?

Back 36

-butterflies & moths
-two joined pairs of wings with scales that are modified hairs (setae)- irridescent, ultraviolet, can rub off
-antennae are knobbed

Front 37

diff b/w moth pupal stage and butterflies

Back 37

-butterflies: smooth, brighty colored chrysalis, hangs upside down
-moths: open cocoon using plant parts, can see body, brownish, often silk cocoon

Front 38

order hymenoptera: what are they? what are adults like? what is their waist like? eyes? mouthparts? stingers?

Back 38

-bees, wasps, ants
-adults are hard-bodied and active
-thread-waisted
-very well developed compound eyes
-chewing or lapping/sucking mouths
-most have stingers

Front 39

bees vs wasps stingers

Back 39

-bees: barbed stinger, tears out of body & continues to pump poison
-wasps: no barbs, can sting again

Front 40

order Hemiptera: what are they? wings? mouthparts? what's on back? antennae? odors?

Back 40

-TRUE BUGS
-1st pair of wings leathery at base & membranous at tip, 2nd pair membranous, both fold over back flat
-sucking mouthparts that form a BEAK
-triangle shield on back
-antennae much longer than head
-produce odor to repel enemies

Front 41

order homopteria: what are they? wings and mouthparts? what do they eat?

Back 41

-"hoppers" like aphids & scale insects
-leathery front wings and a beak
-eat plants

Front 42

what is unique about scale insects? where do they live? what do they make?

Back 42

-don't have insect appearance: no legs, wings, body regions
-just stay in 1 place and suck plant juices
-secretion used to make dyes & shellac varnishes
-produce substance that covers them up

Front 43

order orthoptera: what are they? wings? legs? eyes? mandibles?

Back 43

-grasshoppers, crickets, katydids
-2 pairs of wings folded flat on back
-powerful hind legs, lg compound eyes, large mandibles

Front 44

order odonata: what are they? wings? abdoment? antennae? immatures live where? what do they eat?

Back 44

-dragonflies
-veiny wings held out from body
-long slender abdomen
-short, bristle-like antennae
-immatures are aquatic
-are predators

Front 45

order blattaria: what are they? wings? legs? antennae? mouthparts?

Back 45

-cockroaches
-thick leathery front wings
-long antennae
-chewing mouthparts

Front 46

order Isoptera: what are they? wings? waist? antennae? classes of caste? how do they digest their food?

Back 46

-equally sized wings
-wide-waisted
-no elbows on antennae
-queen & king, workers, soldiers, & winged adults
-microorganisms in gut digest wood

Front 47

ant vs. termite metamorphosis

Back 47

-ants: complete metamorphasis w/ pupa stage
-termites: incomplete w/ nymphs

Front 48

order Pthiraptera: what are they? wings? 2 types?

Back 48

-lice
-wingless their entire life
-sucking lice (blood) and chewing lice (hair/feathers)

Front 49

order mantodea: what are they? front legs? eyes? aggressive?

Back 49

-mantids (praying mantis)
-front legs highly specialized for grabbing and holding- "raptorial legs"
-lg eyes w/ excellent vision
-voracious & aggressive

Front 50

order siphonaptera: what are they? wings? eyes? legs? what do bodies look like?

Back 50

-fleas
-no wings
-no compound eyes
-legs modded for jumping
-bodies are small & hard, laterally compressed (look like put in a vice)

Front 51

before a female flea lays eggs what does she need? where are the eggs laid? what happens then? how do they hatch?

Back 51

-needs a blood meal
-eggs laid on host
-they fall off and land in "nest" of host
-pupates in silk cocoon
-hatch w/ vibration

Front 52

order dermatptera: what ere they? wings? tail?

Back 52

-earwigs
-leathery short front wings
-tail modded into cerci, pincerlike, hold prey