Info Science Chapter 1

Front 1

Computer literacy

Back 1

Having current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses

Front 2

Computer

Back 2

An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, that can accept data, process data according to specified rules, produce results, and store results for future use

Front 3

Data

Back 3

A collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video

Front 4

Information

Back 4

Conveys meaning and is useful to people

Front 5

Information processing cycle

Back 5

The series of input, process, ouptut, and storage activities

Front 6

Hardware

Back 6

the many electric, electronic, and mechanical components in a computer

Front 7

Input device

Back 7

Any hardware component that allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

Front 8

Output device

Back 8

Any hardware component that conveys information to one or more people

Front 9

CPU

Back 9

Central processing unit, the electrical component that interprets and carries out basic instructions that operate the computor

Front 10

Memory

Back 10

Electronical components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions

Front 11

Storage/Storage devices

Back 11

Storage media is where a compuiter keeps data, instructions, and information for future use (permanently). A storage device records (writes) and/or recieves (reads) items to and from storage media

Front 12

Communications device

Back 12

A hardware components that enables a computer to send and recieve data, instructions, and information to and from storage media

Front 13

Network

Back 13

A collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media

Front 14

Resources

Back 14

Hardware, software, data, and information

Front 15

Internet

Back 15

A worldwide collectionof networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institiutions, and individuals

Front 16

Web or WWW

Back 16

Worldwide Web, one of the most popular services on the internet that contains billions of web pages

Front 17

Web page

Back 17

Can contain text, graphics, animation, audio, and video

Front 18

Web 2.0

Back 18

Websites that provide means or users to share personal information (such as social networking sites), and/or have software built into the site for users to access (such as web applications)

Front 19

GUI

Back 19

Graphical user interface, you interact with the software using text, graphics, and visual images such as icons

Front 20

Icon

Back 20

a miniature image that represents a program, an instruction, or some other objects

Front 21

System software

Back 21

Consists of programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices

Front 22

Application software

Back 22

Consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks

Front 23

Operating system

Back 23

A set of programs that cooridainate all activities among hardware devices

Front 24

Utility/utility program

Back 24

Allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs

Front 25

Installing

Back 25

the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware

Front 26

Loading

Back 26

When a program is copied from storage to memory

Front 27

Programmer (developer)

Back 27

Someone who developes software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information

Front 28

Convergence

Back 28

The trend of computers and devices with technologies that overlap, leads to new models of computers constantly being manufactured

Front 29

Personal Computer

Back 29

Aa computer that can perform all of its input,processing, and output and storage activities all by itself

Front 30

Desktop Computer

Back 30

Designed so that the system unit, input devices, output devices, and any other devices fit entirely on or under a desk or table

Front 31

Mobile Computer

Back 31

A personal computer that you can carry from place to place

Front 32

Notebook/Laptop Computer

Back 32

A portable, personal computer designed to fit on your lap

Front 33

Tablet PC

Back 33

A portable, personal computer that allows you to write or draw on the screen using a digital pen

Front 34

Embedded Computer

Back 34

A special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product

Front 35

Server

Back 35

A computer that controls access to the hadware, software, and other resources on a network and provides a center for storage, programs, data, and information

Front 36

Mainframe

Back 36

A large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously. Usually large companies use mainframes

Front 37

Super Computer

Back 37

The fastest, most powerful computer-and the most expensive

Front 38

Operating System

Back 38

A set of programs that coordinates all the activities among a computers hardware

Front 39

Tower

Back 39

A system unit of a computer that is tall and narrow

Front 40

Handheld

Back 40

A computer small enough to fit in one hand. the screen, speakers, and buttons are built into the device

Front 41

Home User

Back 41

Uses a computer for a variety of reasons including personal finance, web access, communications, and entertainment

Front 42

Small Office/Home Office User

Back 42

Uses a computer for internet access to addresses, directions, postal codes, flights, package shipping rates

Front 43

Mobile User

Back 43

Uses a computer for working away from main office, connecting to other computers, and accessing web and email,

Front 44

Power User

Back 44

Use powerful desktop computers to work with multi-media, combing text, graphics, audio, and video into one application

Front 45

Enterprise User

Back 45

Uses computers to process transactions and other basic business activities and marketing