Info. Science 1, Chapter 2 Vocab. And Trailblazers

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Internet

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(Also called Net) worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

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World Wide Web

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(Also called Web) one of Internet's more widely used services.

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ARPANET

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(Advanced Research Project Agency) network, began functioning in September 1969, linked scientific and academic researchers across the U.S. Allowed scientists at different locations to share information. Functions even if part of network was destroyed.

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host/server

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any computer that provides services and connections to other computers on a network

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W3C

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(World Wide Web Consortium) oversees research and sets standards and guidelines for many areas of the Internet

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Access Provider

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Business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet for free or for a fee.

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ISP

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regional or national access provider (Internet Service Provider)

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OSP

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(Online Service Provider) many members-only features such as instant messaging or their own customized version of a web browser

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Internet Backbone

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major carriers of network traffic

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IP Address

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(Internet Protocol Address) number that uniquely identifies each computer or device that is connected to the Internet

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Domain Name

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text version of an IP Address

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TLD

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top-level domain, last section of the domain name

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WWW.

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Widely used service on Internet, a worldwide collection of electronic documents

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Web site

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Collection of related Web pages and associated items such as pictures and documents, stored on a Web server

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Web server

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Computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer

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Web 2.0

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Refers to sites that allow users to share personal info., allow users to modify site content, and have application software built in for visitors to use

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Web browser

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Application software that allows users to access to use to view web pages or access Web 2.0 programs

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Home page

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Refers to first page a Web site displays

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Downloading

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Process of a computer or device receiving info., such as a web page, from a server on the Internet

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URL

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(Uniform Research Locator), or Web address; a Web page's unique address.

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Link/hyperlink

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Built-in connection to another related Web page or part of a Web page

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Search engine

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Program that finds Web sites, Web pages, images, videos, news, maps, and other info. related to a specific topic

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Subject directory

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Classifies Web pages in an organized set of categories or groups, such as sports or shopping, and related subcategories

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Multi-media

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Refers to any application that combines text with graphics, animation, audio, video, and/or virtual reality

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Graphic

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Graphical image, digital representation of nontext info. such as a drawing, chart, or photo

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JPEG

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(JAY-peg), format that compresses graphics to reduce their file size, which means that they take up less storage space

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GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)

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use compression to reduce file size, works best for graphics that have only a few distinct colors

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thumbnail

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small version of a larger graphic

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animation

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appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence

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streaming

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process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow

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podcast

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recorded audio, usually an MP3 file, stored on a Web site, can be downloaded to computer or portable player

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Virtual Reality

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Use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a 3-D space

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Plug-ins

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add-on, program that extends capability of a browser

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E-mail

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(electronic mail) transmission of messages and files via a computer network. (Used to create, send, receive, forward, store, print, and delete e-mail messages

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User name

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unique combination of characters, such as letters and/or numbers, that identifies a specific user

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Mailing list

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(e-mail list, distribution list) group of e-mail names and addresses given a single name

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Instant Messaging (IM)

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real-time Internet communications service that notifies you when one or more people are online and then allows you to exchange messages or files or join a private chat with them

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Chat

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real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer

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Chat room

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location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other

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VoIP

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(Voice over IP, Internet Protocol) Internet telephone, enables users to speak to each other over the Internet

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FTP

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(File Transfer Protocol) an Internet standard that permits the process of file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet

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Netiquette

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(Internet Etiquette) code of acceptable behaviors users should follow while on Internet
"Code of Conduct"

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Emoticon

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figures (faces) used to express emotion on the Internet

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Spam

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the Internet's version of junk mail

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Flame

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abusive/insulting messages