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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the principles of bovine infectious disease control programs?
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- Id infection likelihood/level
-reduce the reservoir of agent infection-domestic & wildlife -prevent transmission - horizontal & vertical -bolster resistance against infection-specific & general -preventing/detecting re-introduction- biosecurity & tests |
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what is each control program dependent on?
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-goals of control (eradicate, reduce TP, reduce impact)
-risk factors identified -economics: losses/gain vs cost of controls -liklihood of losses/gains prod/markets) -risk tolerance: insurance desired -willingness to be proactive or to gamble -effective communication of problem/solution -ability to motivate (you on owner, owner on coworkers) |
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what are some factors that help in designing a vaccine program?
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presence and degree of challange of the particular diseases on a farm
-management practices available that lend themselves to a vaccination program -times/ages when dz probs occur -how the body protects agains the dz -information available on products & sources & quality of the information (challenge study?) |
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who gets vaccines?
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administer to healthy aniimals (nutrition, not peripartrurient, not SAID/NSAID, not incubating dz(rarely in outbreak yo udo))
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what is meant by handling vaccines properly?
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dont mix vaccines, watch for bubbles, proper dose given, watch for blood in barrel, discard unused portion, clean syringe in water not alcohol
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what are the vaccines he considers good?
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BVD, IBR, parainfluenza (PI3), BRSV, Clostridials, Rota/Coronavirus, Ecoli, leptospirosis, rabies,vibriosis/ trichomoniasis, Ecoli mastitis, Haemophilus/ Histophilus somnus,
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what are the questionable vaccines?
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pinkeye (Moraxella bovis) IBK, Neospora abortions, Johnes disease, ringworm, digital dermatitis, warts, footrot, staph aureus mastitis, VTEC
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what is one major reason for vax failure?
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failure w/ overwhelming challenge
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What does IBR cause?
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repiratory, abortions, beef & dairy
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what is the IBR vaccine?
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parenteral MLV or K, MLV not for preg animals (pfizer gold exception), MLV not w/in 21d of breeding, annual/semi annual
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what is the other IBR vaccine?
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intra-nasal IBR/PI3- MLV, in face of outbreak, before passive immunity is gone, as early as 1-3 d
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what is the PI3 parainfluenza vaccine formulation?
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parenteral MLV, annual/semi-annual
in most IBR vaccines |
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T/F PI3 is a problematic dz?
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F part of shipping fever complex not problem on its own
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what does BRSV cause?
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interstitial pnuemonia
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when is BRSV vaccination considered?
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if historical herd problem
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what is the BRSV vaccine formulation?
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parenteral MLV, should booster, passive immunity not protective, 3 month protection, annual/semiannual
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what are some diseases caused by clostridium?
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blackleg, enterotoxemia, pulpy kidney, bacillary hemoglobinuria, tetanus, malignant edema
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who and when do you vaccinate for clostridium?
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beef rarely diary, calves at spring processing, ring tail docking/castration
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what is the formulation of the clostrial vacc?
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parenteral K booster?, annual?
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what does rota/corona and Ecoli cause?
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neonatal diarrhea, consider if herd historical program,
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how long does the rota/corona ecoli virus vaccine protect?
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3 months
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how long does the rota/corona ecoli virus vaccine protect?
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3 months
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what should we know about lepto?
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causes abortions and is zoonotic
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what type of vax is lepto?
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parenteral killed, 9 way products with BVD inferior carry uncommon serovars, cattle incidental host
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T/F cattle are the maintenance host for lepto?
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T
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What might you use with cow-calf herb vaccination?
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vacc 1 scourguard 3k or jencine ERC, Ecoli, corona (clost)
vacc2- 4 way many brands IBR, BVD, BRSV, PI3 cows & heifers (ML in open young, K in pregnant & ML in weaned calf) leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo "spirovac"prebreeding annually Vacc3 7 or 8 way tasvax if prob blackleg, botulism, tetanus calves |
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what would you vacc a calf herd with that is <6 months old?
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transvax 7 or 8 occasionally in dairy
spring important in beed-booster? pre-band castratoin- tetanus SQ only 4 way Ml IN or IM if pnuemon probs assume not vax as open heifers scour vax if scours prob as needed if waiting for cow vaccine to take effect others as needed (see later) |
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what do you vax an open heifer herd with?
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tasvax, scours no longer problem
ML4 way IBR, BVD, BRSV, PI3 aut if pneumon concerns in dairy preweaned calf on beef farm, >3wks prior to breeding (as heifer) others as needed (see later) |
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what do you give a herd of preg heifers/cows?
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Tasvax no longer prob, K scours 2-4 wks before calving, beef booster neede first time used- heifer
K4way IBR, BVD, BRSV, PI3 aut for pneumon concerns booster 3 weeks later if not vax before others as needed |
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when shoudl you giva rabies vax?
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in hx or high risk/endemic areas (case on farm, neigbor, area)
dairy & beef parenteral killed every 1-3 yrs |
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what does vibriosis/trichomoniasis cause?
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infertility
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when do you worry about vibriosis trichmoniasis? when/who do you vax?
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if hx or high risk/endemic area, primarily beef-bull bred
parenteral killed with lepto sometime cows 10d prior to breeding season bulls & heifers 30+10days prior to breeding season |
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what is the e coli mastitis vx? when/ who do you use it in?
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core antigen (envirocore, endovac bovi) parenteral killed
primarily dairycattle decr severity of dz, use if incidence of tox mast warrants |
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what does haemophilus/histophilus somnus cause?
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calves & feeders: pnuemonia, meningitis, arthritis, endocarditis, 2-3 months and before weaning
adults: abortion/infertility, pre-breeding primarily beef cattle |
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when do you vax for haemophilus/histophilus?
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if hx or high risk/endemic area
more common in wesr |
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what does pasturella/mannheimia cause?
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respiratory- hemolytica, multocida
if high stress anticipated show or auction beef or dairy |
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is the pasteurell/mannheimia vax good?
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no not efficacious
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timing on pasturella/mann timing of vax important T/F?
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T 2-3 months & before weaning
before show in feedlot?? |
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what does salmonella cause?
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Gi- diarrhea. more dairy than beef
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what are focused geographic diseases specific to certain areas?
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brucella abortus
anaplasmosis anthrax |
