Infancy Exam 3

Front 1

Tempermant

Back 1

a theoretical construct consisting of constitutionally based individual differences in emotionality, motor activity, attentiveness, adaptability, and self-regulation

Front 2

high reactive

Back 2

Infants who respond to novelty by showing extreme degrees of motor activity, fretting, and crying

Front 3

Low reactive

Back 3

Infants who respond to novelty by showing low levels of motor activity and a general absence of crying and fussing

Front 4

committed compliance

Back 4

children's tendency to follow parents' directives and requests with a minimum of prompting and reminding

Front 5

conscience

Back 5

An internal set of standards that guide behavior

Front 6

Emotion Regulation

Back 6

A process through which emotions are monitored, appraised, and modified in relation to goals

Front 7

Visual self-regulation

Back 7

an early aspect of the self, measured by children's understanding that when they look in a mirror, the reflection that they see is their own

Front 8

Self Conscious emotions

Back 8

Emotions that involve the comparison of oneself or one's actions to standards and expectations that others hold; also called social emotions.

Front 9

Primary Emotions

Back 9

A set of emotions--distress, interest, and pleasure--present at birth and differentiating into emotions during infancy

Front 10

Secondary Emotions

Back 10

A set of emotions-- embarrassment, envy, empathy, pride, shame, and guilt-- that emerges during the second and third years of life

Front 11

Early Intervention

Back 11

Systematic efforts to either prevent or reduce the adverse developmental effects of family income, parent characteristics, birth experiences, or aspects of the environment. The strongest conclusions can be made when children are randomly assigned to intervention and control groups.

Front 12

Head Start

Back 12

A national intervention program that provides services to low-income pregnant women and families with infants and toddlers

Front 13

Pre- Kindergarten

Back 13

Programs or classes for 3-4 year olds, housed in public schools, with a primary focus on enhancing disadvantaged children's school readiness

Front 14

Family Leave

Back 14

Job protected time off from work for a variety of reasons other than the birth of a child

Front 15

Medical Leave

Back 15

Job protected time off from work to care for a child, spouse, parent, or due to their own serious health condition

Front 16

Paternity Leave

Back 16

Job protected leave from work for employed men, typically taken after childbirth

Front 17

Pregnancy discrimination

Back 17

Act passed to prohibit employment discrimination on the basis of childbirth or pregnancy

Front 18

Suzuki Method

Back 18

A system developed in the 1940s by Japanese music educator who believed learning to play a musical instrument is like learning to speak a first language

Front 19

Parental Leave

Back 19

a job protected leave that is open to mothers or fathers, typically available as a supplement to maternity and paternity leave