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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When did the Industrial Revolution start?
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1780
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How did the triangular trade work in the industrial revolution?
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East-West transference across Atlantic
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Why did the Industrial Revolution start in England?
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Access to world markets were gained by earlier commercial success
English life offered rewards for risk. |
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What was the center of the Enlightenment?
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Great Britain
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What did Enlightened people believe?
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Humans were rational and could apply knowledge to solve their problems / generate wealth.
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Who was the first to have mercantilism?
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Great Britain
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How did mercantilism work?
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It was operated by the government.
ex. Colonies were only supposed to trade with Britain w/ specified merchants (East India Company) |
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What was capitalism?
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Means of production and distribution owned by private enterprise for profit.
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What was mass production?
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Manufacturing class (capitalists) in 1700s needed to mass produce goods from raw materials.
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What was the first mass produced item?
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Textiles
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What were several mass production techniques?
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-build big factories
-use water power -replace with steam power -burn wood, use steam, put in pressurized container |
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How did mass consumption work?
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Workers in the market bought everything after they received their wages.
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In which cities was the workers' market located?
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London, Glasgow, Manchester
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What were several examples of applied tech?
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Steam
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When did James Watt develop the steam engine?
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1763
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What did James Watt develop? How?
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Steam engine; improvements on Newcomen's engine
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What was James Watt's occupation?
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Technician at University of Glawgow.
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When did the US receive the Industrial Revolution?
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1800s
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Who imported Industrial Revolution technology to the US in the 1800s?
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Robert Fulton + Eli Whitney
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What did Robert Fulton do?
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Developed steam boat
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When did Robert Fulton develop the steam engine?
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1807
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How did Robert Fulton develop the steam engine?
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Used imported Boulton/Watt engine.
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What did Eli Whitney do in the Industrial Revolution other than develop the cotton gin?
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Standardize parts for guns / develop riflings
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What did Eli Whitney's gun contributions do?
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Increase accuracy / lethality
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What was significant about pigiron?
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hardest metal in England
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What is pigiron made out of?
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Manganese, silicon
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How did pigiron affect the production of guns?
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Allowed for mass production
(lose barrel, buy new one) |
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What was environmentally significant about the Industrial Revolution?
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It spread around the world and had lasting environmental consequences.
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What were the early externalities of the Industrial Revolution?
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Strip mines for coal
-open pits -air quality problems (coar air) |
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When did early externalities (Ind. Revolution) begin?
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1700s
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What were the consequences of open pits?
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Contaminated water.
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How did London have air quality problems?
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It had black coal air because people burned coal on their stove.
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