Industrial Reveloution World History

Front 1

Travel Before the Insustrial Revolution

Back 1

Traveled by foot or carriage

Front 2

Travel Affter the Industrial Revolution

Back 2

Traveled by Train or steamship

Front 3

Dutch Contributions to Agricultural Revolution

Back 3

1. Built dikes to reclaim land. 2. Combined small farms into large ones. 3. Used fertilizer

Front 4

British Contributions to Agricultural Revolution

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1. Used crop rotation 2. Bred animals 3. Used a seed drill to plant seeds in rows for greater production.

Front 5

Enclosure Movement

Back 5

Taking over and fencing land formerly shared with peasants

Front 6

Essay Qustion: What was the Enclosure Movement and what were 3 effects on small farmers and farm laborers?

Back 6

Taking over and fencing land formerly shared with peasant.
1. Farm laborers were put out of work.
2. Small foramers were put out of business.
3. Former farmers moved to the cities for jobs.

Front 7

Essay Question: what 4 factors contributed to the population explosion?

Back 7

1. Declining death rate
2. Reduced risk of famine.
3. Plague had gone away.
Better hygiene, sanitation and medical care.

Front 8

Coal

Back 8

A natural resource that was used to produce power and power steam engines.

Front 9

Essay Question : (7 pts) Who was the Leader in the Industrial Revolution and for why?

Back 9

Britain. 1. Natural Resources (large supply of coal & iron) 2. Human Resources (large workforce available because of agricultural revolution) 3. Economic Conditions (capital & Demand)4. Political Conditions (stable gov't) 5. Social Conditions (strong navy to protect trade)

Front 10

Iron

Back 10

Iron was needed to creat machines and steam engines.

Front 11

Putting Out system

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System where raw cotton was given to peasant families and made into cloth in their homes. It was slow and unable to meet demand.

Front 12

Flying Shuttle

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Machine that increased the speed of weaving and worked better than cotton spinners.

Front 13

Spinning Jenny

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Spun many threads of cotton at the same time to keep up with the weavers.

Front 14

Waterframe

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Water power was used to speed up spinning

Front 15

End of the Putting out System

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The machines were too big to move so they had to bring people to them and place the factories near streams.

Front 16

Turnpikes

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Private roads that charge a fee to use them.

Front 17

Canals

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were dug to link rivers and town harbors.

Front 18

Railroads

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Were built to transport goods and people 5x faster than before.

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Steamboats

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Could move upstream at a record 5mph

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Urbanization

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Movement of people to cities caused by changes in farms and need for factory workers.

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Conditions of tenements

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buildings with no light, running water, sewage or sanitation pick up that peasants lived in.

Front 22

Conditions of Factory

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worked 12-16 hours long with no safety devices. Many accidents. Air quality was poor in coal mines.

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Women workers

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Preferred because they were easier to manage and adapted easier to the work. They also worked for less money.

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Child Workers

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Preferred because they had small hands and could move quickly. Orphans worked for food and were beaten if they didn't do enough work.

Front 25

Luddites

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The skilled workers who lost their jobs to machines and protested by smashing or burning the machines down. They were hung or sent to Australia.

Front 26

Benefits of Industrial Revolution

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People had enough money for food, rent, travel. And New opportunities

Front 27

Problems of Industrial Revolution

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Low pay, unemployment, bad living conditions.

Front 28

Laissez-Faire

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New way of thinking were there should be no goverment interference in business.

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Adam Smith

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Wrote Wealth of Nations - a free market would benefit everyone by: 1. producing more goods at lower prices would make them affordable. 2. People would make money, invest it and make more money.

Front 30

David Ricardo

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"Iron Law of Wages" 1. When wages were high people had more children 2. More children meant more workers. 3. More workers meant lower wages and more unemployment.

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Jeremy Betham

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Developed the concept of Utalitarianism

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Utalitarianism

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The greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.

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John Stuart Mills

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1. Actions are right if they promote happiness wrong if they cause pain 2.Felt workers and women should have the right to vote so they could create reform.

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Socialism

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People as a whole, rather than individuals would own the large businesses. Socialism worked to protect and take care of the people.

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Communist Manifesto

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Pamphlet written by Karl Marx & Friedrich Engles calling for a workers revolt.

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Karl Marx & Friedrich Engles

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Wrote the Communist Manifesto

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Communism

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all businesses and land would be owned by the people and would prevent class struggles.

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Marxism

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Proletariats (workers) would win the struggle with the Bourgeosie (Owners) and make wealth and power equally shared.

Front 39

Essay Question : 6 points
What kind of people did factory's prefer to hire and why?

Back 39

Women - easier to manage adapted quicker and could pay them less.
Children - smaller and could move quickly. Worked for food and could be beaten if they didnt work enough.

Front 40

Essay Question: 9 items
Why was there a transportation revolution?

Back 40

Faster and cheaper means of moving goods was needed.

Front 41

Identify the new means of transportations and what they were used for.

Back 41

Turnpikes - private toads that charge a fee to use them.
Canals - were dug to link rivers and towns to harbors
Railroads - transpot good and people 5x faster.
Steamboats - move upstream at 5mph.

Front 42

Essay Question 4 items:
Jeremy Betham Philosophy

Back 42

He would say to save Los Angeles because he believed that it was important to achieve the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.

Front 43

Essay Question (contd)
John Stuart Mill Philosophy

Back 43

He would say to save the Secretary Geneeral because he believed actions were right if they caused happiness and wrong if they caused pain for a person.