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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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if ICP is left untreated, it can lead to what? |
brain herniation and death
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what is the earliest sign of ICP?
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change in LOC
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what happens to the pulse pressure with ICP?
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it widens
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when there is ICP, what happens to the systolic BP?
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it increases
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when there is ICP, what happens to the diastolic BP?
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it remains the same
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which kind of pulse rate is most commonly associated with ICP?
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bradycardia
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what happens to the temperature with ICP?
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it rises
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what is the respiratory pattern seen in ICP?
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first, central hyperventilation (very early on) and then at the end, Cheyne-Stokes
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when ICP increases, what do the pupils show? |
unilateral dilation with sluggish reaction
they become fixed and dilated |
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why does hyperventilating help treat ICP? |
it reduces CO2, resulting in vasoconstriction. CO2 is a vasodilator in the brain. Vasodilation would occupy more space and thus increase ICP even more
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what is papilledema and how is it related to ICP?
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it is edema of the optic disc, it is present when increased ICP pushes brain tissue through the optic foramen
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what kind of environment is necessary when a client has ICP? |
dark, quiet, calm
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the HOB should be positioned at?
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10-30 degrees
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what is the most common osmotic diuretic used to treat ICP?
what is the most common loop diuretic used to treat ICP? |
mannitol
lasix |
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what is the most common anti-inflammtory drug given to help ICP?
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decadron
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if analgesia is necessary for the patient with ICP, the doctor should order what? why is it used alone?
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codeine -- it doesn't depress respiration or LOC as much as other narcotics and it suppresses cough
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