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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Types of carbohydrates |
Simple and complex |
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Simple Carbohydrates (Function) |
-Rapidly mobilized source of energy -Monosaccharide (One-sugar) -Disaccharides (two sugars) |
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Complex carbohydrates (Function) |
-Energy storage |
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Glycogen (Where is it stored?) |
Carbohydrate stored in animals for energy. |
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Lactose Intolerance (Cause) |
The enzyme lactase breaks down lactose into two monosaccharides. (The lack of this enzyme). |
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Lactose intolerance (Symptoms) |
Cramps, bloating, flatulence, diarrhea. |
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What monomers join to form complex carbs? |
Glucose |
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Cellulose |
Tightly packed, uncoiled, hard to digest. |
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Starch |
May be branched, coiled, easier to digest |
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Glycogen |
Extensive branches, coiled, easier to digest. |
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Types of lipids |
1. Triglicerides 2. Phospholipids 3. Steroids |
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Triglicerides (Function) |
-Energy storage -Insulation -Protection of vital organs |
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Triglicerides (Structure) |
3 Fatty acids joined to one glycerol |
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Phospholipids (Function) |
Backbone of cell membrane |
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Phospholipids (Structure) |
Glycerol+2 fatty acids+charged phosphate group+"R" group. |
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Steroids (Function) |
-Signaling between cells -Control metabolism process -Cellular functions |
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Steroids (Structure) |
4 ring structure |
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Monomers that join to make proteins and the type of bond that joins them. |
1. Polymers made up of amino acids. 2. Peptide bond |
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Peptide bond |
Formed by dehydration synthesis. |
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Primary Structure of proteins |
Amino acid sequence |
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Secondary Structure of proteins |
Structural features within a polypeptide chain |
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Tertiary Structure of proteins |
Overall folding. |
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Quaternary Structure of proteins |
Multi polypeptides interacting |
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Different types of fatty acids (From healthiest to least) |
1. Trans fat 2. Saturated 3. Polyunsaturated 4. Monounsaturated 5. Omega-3 |
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Trans fat (Structure, Source, effect on body and label). |
- Raises bad cholesterol, lowers the good cholesterol. -Packaged foods, cookies, cakes, etc. -"Partially hydrogenated oil" |
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Protein functions |
-Structure -Cell signaling |
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Enzymes (Functions and properties) |
-Proteins that help reactions happen. (Speed up reactions). -Specific to substrates |
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RNA |
-Single stranded -Sugar ribose Nitrogenous bases (Adenine, guanine, cytosine and uricil). |
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DNA |
-Two strands that form a distinctive double helix. -Sugar dioxiribose -Nitrogenous bases (Adenine, Guanine, cytosine and thymine) |
