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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the categories of immunosuppressive drugs?
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glucocorticoids
calcineurin inhibitors antiproliferative/ antimetabolic agents other (MOA unclear or unknown) |
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How do glucocorticoids cause immunosuppression?
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decrease adhesion of neutrophils
decrease macrophage function decrease lymphocyte activity (esp T cells) *block inflammatory mediator production essential for function of immune cells |
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How do calcineurin inhibitors work?
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inhibit T cell signal transduction
- cytokines are not produced, so T cells do not become activated |
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How do antiproliferative agents work?
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alkylating agents, alter DNA so that it cannot be replicated and the cells cannot divide
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How do antimetabolites work?
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analogs of essential compounds (eg: purine analogs) that block the desired end product formation
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List the calcineurin inhibitors
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Cyclosporine
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List the antiproliferative agents
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Cyclophosphamide
Chlorambucil |
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List the antimetabolites
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Azathoprine (purine analog)
Mycophenolate |
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Why do you want to taper immunosuppressive therapy quickly?
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immune system essential to protect patient from other agents (bacterial, viral etc)
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What are the major ADEs of immunosuppressive drugs?
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bone marrow suppression
nephrotoxicity GI effects |
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Which drugs can be used to stimulate the immune system?
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nutraceuticals
CSFs supplements (hyperimmune serum, colostrum substitutes, tetanus antitoxin etc) |
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What is the problem with most immunostimulants?
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they do not have proven efficacy and are not approved
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