Immunology Exam Ii

Front 1

B cells Location/Event (Pro-B Stage)

Back 1

Bone marrow/Heavy chain rearrangement

Front 2

B cells Location/Event (Pre-B Stage)

Back 2

Bone Marrow/Light chain rearrangement

Front 3

B cells Location/Event (Immature B Stage)

Back 3

Negative Selection/Migration from bone marrow to secondary L.T.

IgM only on surface (positive selection)

Front 4

B cells Location/Event (Mature B Stage)

Back 4

Secondary L.T./IgM plus IgD on surface

Fully responsive to Ag

Front 5

T cells (Double Negative Stage)

Back 5

Thymus Cortex/Beta chain rearrangement

Front 6

T Cells Location/Event (Double Positive Stage)

Back 6

Thymus Cortex/Alpha chain rearrangement

Positive Selection

Front 7

T Cells Location/Event (Single Positive [1])

Back 7

Thymus corticomedullary junction

Negative selection

Leave thymus

Front 8

Pre-B Cell Receptor

Back 8

IgM heavy chain and the surrogate light chain (VpreB and lamda 5) - allows the cell to progress from the pro-B cell stage to the pre-B cell stage and rearrange the light chain

Front 9

B-1 B Cells

Back 9

low-affinity IgM production to a limited number of carbohydrate Ags, protect the peritoneal and pleural cavities

Front 10

B-2 B Cells

Back 10

B cells that can interact with T cells, switch isotypes, undergo affinity maturation and produce memory cells

Front 11

Membrane-bound self antigen

Back 11

Binding by surface Ab - receptor editing and if that fails - apoptosis

Front 12

Soluble self-antigen

Back 12

binding by surface Ab - becomes anergic and is unable to home to follicles in secondary lymphoid tissue

Front 13

Homing to follicles

Back 13

Allows immature B cells to become mature B cells and survive

Front 14

After antigen stimulation

Back 14

Proliferation, differentiation, somatic hypermutation, class switching, and the generation of memory cells and plasma cells

Front 15

Notch expression

Back 15

Something on the surface of thymocytes which allows them to receive signals that promote T cell lineage specific differentiation

Front 16

Production of a Beta chain leads to...

Back 16

...the expression of CD4 and CD8 surface proteins.

Front 17

Thymocyte (Double Negative Stage)

Back 17

Prior to the expression of CD4 and CD8 surface proteins, thymocytes are also called Double Negatives, a stage similar to the pro-B stage of B cells. This is the stage where the beta chain rearranges.

Front 18

Thymocyte (Double Positive Stage)

Back 18

T-cells once they've expressed surface proteins CD4 and CD8. Alpha chain rearranges.

Front 19

Positive Selection

Back 19

Tailors the wide array to the individual's specific MHC molecules

Front 20

Activated T cells (not naive) would most likely exit the blood through the...

Back 20

...inflamed endothelium

Front 21

The role of CD3 and zeta chains on T cells is to...

Back 21

transduce signals to the interior of the cell

Front 22

The AM in ITAM involved in lymphocyte activation stands for...

Back 22

...activation motif

Front 23

The major function of immature dendritic cells is to...

Back 23

...take up antigen

Front 24

Immunological tolerance in the B cell repertoire is called _______ tolerance when it develops in the primary lymphoid organs

Back 24

central

Front 25

Immunological tolerance in the B cell reportoire is called ______ tolerance when it develops outside of the bone marrow`

Back 25

peripheral

Front 26

Many bacterial polysaccharides act as TI-2 antigens and can activate B cells without the need for T cell help because...

Back 26

...they cross-link antibodies on the B cell surface

Front 27

The Brambell receptor (FcRn) allows ______ to reach the _______.

Back 27

IgG, fetus

Front 28

The enzyme that is involved in both isotype switching and somatic hypermutation is...

Back 28

...ctyodine deaminase

Front 29

Secretory component on dimeric IgA

Back 29

a remnant of the poly-Ig recepter

Front 30

Cytokine which is a growth factor for activated mature T-cells

Back 30

IL-2

Front 31

Endogenous peptides are paired with ______ in the ______.

Back 31

MHC1, endoplasmic reticulum

Front 32

Tuberculoid leprosy is less severe than lepromatous leprosy because...

Back 32

...a TH1 type response is induced

Front 33

B-1 B cells produce mainly which type of antibody?

Back 33

IgM

Front 34

The class of antibody recognized by Fc receptors on the surface of mast cells and basophils is...

Back 34

...IgE

Front 35

Following cytokine binding to cytokine receptors, STAT proteins can cross the nuclear membrane once they have:

Back 35

been phosphorylated and form a dimer

Front 36

Genes expressed in both B-cell and T-cell precursors during development would include

Back 36

RAG-1, RAG-2, and TdT

Front 37

endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase

Back 37

shortens peptides for MHC class I loading