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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two types of host defense systems
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Innate & Adaptive immunity
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First line of defense; nonspecific; always present
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Innate immunity
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Specific or acquired defense
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Adaptive immunity
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Two major classes of lymphocytes in adaptive immunity
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B and T cells
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Lymphocyte most responsible for the clearance of extracellular microbes.
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B cells
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Lymphocyte population most responsible for the clearance of intracellular microbes.
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T cells
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Classes of T cells
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Helper, Cytolytic, Regulatory
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Substance, usually foreign, that reacts with an antibody.
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Antigen
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Substance, usually foreign, that elicits an immune response.
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Immunogen
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Lymphocyte population that secretes antibodies
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B cells (plasma cells)
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Lymphocyte population that directly kills infected cells
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Cytotoxic T cells
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Lymphocyte population that helps B cells make antibodies
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T helper cells
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Lymphocyte population that helps activate macrophages
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T helper cells
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Active immunity that is naturally acquired.
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Recovery from infection
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Active immunity that is artificially acquired.
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Vaccination
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Passive immunity that is naturally acquired.
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Placental transfer of IgG
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Passive immunity that is naturally acquired.
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Breast feeding of IgA
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Passive immunity that is artificially acquired.
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Injection of immune globulin
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Maturation stage of a mature lymphocyte that has not yet engaged antigen.
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Naive lymphocyte
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Maturation stage of a mature lymphocyte that has been activated by antigen.
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Effector lymphocyte
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Maturation stage of a mature lymphocyte that is long-lived and ready to rapidly respond to antigen on the second/subsequent exposures.
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Memory lymphocyte
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Secondary lymphoid tissue where the response occurs to blood-borne antigens.
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Spleen
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Secondary lymphoid tissue where the response occurs to tissue-borne antigens.
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Lymph nodes, MALT, GALT, BALT
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Major cell types involved in innate immunity
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Granulocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells
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Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
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Granulocytes
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Primary lymphoid tissue
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Bone marrow, thymus
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Anatomic location where stem cells reside
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Bone marrow
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Anatomic site of B cell maturation
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Bone marrow
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Anatomic site of T cell maturation
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Thymus
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Cells that capture and present peptides to T cells
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Antigen-presenting cells (APC)
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Professional antigen presenting cells
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Dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells, FDC
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Response to first exposure to an antigen
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Primary immune response
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Response to repeat encounters with the same antigen
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Secondary immune response
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Major antibody produced in serum during primary immune response
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IgM
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Major antibody produced in serum during secondary immune response
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IgG
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Anatomic location of T cells in lymph nodes
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Paracortex
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Anatomic location of B cells in lymph nodes
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Follicle (cortex)
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Anatomic location of T cells in spleen
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Periarteriolar sheath
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Specialized venules in lymph nodes where T cells enter
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High endothelial venules
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