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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hypersensitivity |
exaggerated immune response |
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immunodeficiency |
inadequate immune response |
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anaphylaxis |
against protection
*usually immediate exaggerated reaction |
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reafin |
production of IgE antibodies |
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localized anaphylactic |
reddening of skin, hives, asthma, digestive disturbances |
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generalized anaphylactic |
life threatening reaction
sudden constriction of air way or drop of blood pressure |
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type 1 |
anaphylaxsis |
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allergens |
normally harmless foreign substance that causes an immune response
*usually a protein
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1st exposure to an allergen generally causes |
no signs or symptoms |
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exposure to allergens can be |
inhalation ingestion injection |
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mechanism of type 1 |
sensitization and production of IgE cells |
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steps of type 1 |
allergen binds to b cells and macrophages bind to Th cells
Th cells stimulate b cells to secrete IgE
IgE binds to basophiles and mast cells
Binding stimulates release of histamine |
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degranulation |
rapid release of chemicals |
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histamine |
primary mediator of type 1 hypersensitivity
dilates capillaries, smooth muscle and mucus secretion |
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prostaglandins and leukotrienes |
chemicals that control responses
airway constriction |
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atopy |
out of place
refers to localized allergic reactions (eczema) |
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wheal and flare |
redness swelling and itching
hives
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seasonal allergic rhinitis |
typical seasonal allergy symptoms |
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anaphylactic shock |
sudden drop of bp
treated with epinephrine |
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treatment of allergies |
densensitization -inducing tolerance
block antibodies- produce IgG antibodies befor IgE have chance to react |
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Type 2 hypersensitivity |
cytotoxic |
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cytotoxic hypersensitivity |
specific antibodies lead to phagocytosis and killer cell activity |
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Antibodies involved with type 2 cytotoxic |
IgM IgG |
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steps of type 2 |
foreign antigen recognized and stimulates IgM
B cells are sensitized
antibodies bind and result in phagocytosis and cell lysis |
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hemolytic disease |
moms blood type and babies blood type don't match |
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Type 3 hypersensitivity |
immune complex |
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mechanism of immune complex |
IgG binds to antigen and activates complement
destroys healthy local cells |
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arthus reaction |
local reaction under skin
causes edema and hemorrhage |
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basically the response to type 3 (immune complex) |
is a huge over-reaction |
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type 4 |
delayed or cell mediated |
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type 4 is mediated by |
t-cells |
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example of type 4 |
poison ivy |
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autoimmune diseases |
hypersensitive to antigens of own body
*usually chronic inflammation |
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autoimmunization |
long lasting response |
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myasthenia gravis |
affects skeletal muscles
interrupts the neuromuscular junction |
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rheumatoid arthritis |
affects joints |
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lupis |
affects DNA, blood cells, and causes inflammation |
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agammaglobullinemia |
lack b cells |
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DiGeorge syndrome |
lack t cells |
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SCID |
Completely lack immune system |
