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41 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
adhesion molecules
surface molecules that bind counter molecules on other cells, causing close contact btn cells
afferent lymphatics
lymphatic vessels that enter the lymph node
α-β TCR
refers to the T cell antigen heterodimer receptor on more than 90% of T cells
alternative splicing
process by which mRNA is spliced to create either a mu or delta heavy chain constant region
anergy
process by which a stimulus causes cells to become non-responsive
apoptosis
self-induced cell suicide
autoreactive
refers t immunological responses against self antigens
BCR
mIg
antigen-specific receptor on B cells tightly associated with CD79a/b
CD19
molecule present on all B cells (panmarker)
CD3
molecule present on all T cells (panmarker)
CD79a/b
complex expressed on cell surface with BCR
combinatorial diversity
refers to the multitude of gene segments that comprise variable regions of BCR and TCR
death by neglect
phenomenon by which developing thymocytes die because they do not receive proper signals
D
diversity
gene segment that encodes part of the Ig heavy chain or TCR β chain
down regulation
process by which expression of cell surface molecules are decreased
efferent lymphatics
lymphatic vessels that leave tissues
γ-δ TCR
T cell antigen heterodimeric receptor on about 10% of T cells
germline DNA
genomic DNA that has not been altered by recombination events
glycocalyx
filamentous layer on the surface of specialized endothelial cells
HEV
high endothelial venules
specialized post-capillary venules that serve as sites for lymphocytes to exit blood and enter lymph node parenchyma
integrin
adhesion molecules that induce firm contact btn cells that have appropriate counter molecules
J
joining
DNA segment that encodes for a segment of light and heavy chain variable regions, as well as α-β TCR
junctional diversity
heterogeneity that results from either removal or addition of bases at the junction of DNA segments V, D, J
kappa
one of two light chain constant regions
L selectin
molecule whose interxn with counter molecules causes lymphocytes to roll on the endothelium
lambda
one of two light chain constant regions
lineage commitment
process by which double positive thymocytes become CD8+ or CD4+ exclusive
matrix metalloproteinases
enzymes that cause the degradation of endothelial cell wall to allow cells to pass from blood vessels to tissues
negative selection
destruction of developing thymocytes as a result of strong signals when they interact with thymic epithelium
panmarker
refers to a cell surface molecule present on a particular cell type and not present on other cells
positive selection
proliferation of developing thymocytes when they receive appropriate signals
preBCR
precursor complex expressed on developing B cells prior to expression of the BCR complex
pre-Tα
chain that associates with β TCR to form precursor complex on developing T cells in the thymus
psuedo-light chain
chain that associates with the heavy chain to form a precursor complex on developing B cells
RAG-1, RAG-2
recombination activating genes encode proteins required for somatic recombination of variable region of B or T cell antigen receptors
somatic recombination
process by which DNA segments are rearranged to form a variable region for either the B or T cell receptor
TCR
T cell receptor that recognizes antigen-MHC complexes
tdt
terminal deoxynucleoidyl transferase
enzyme that catalyzes the template-independent insertion of nucleotides btn variable region segments
tolerance induction
process by which the immune system remains non-responsive to self antigens
triggering threshold
level of signal intensity beyond which cells are destroyed via negative selection
V
variable
region present in each chain of B and T cell antigen recognizing receptors