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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Interferons (IFNs)
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Several glycoprotein cytokines produced and secreted by certain cells that induce an antiviral state in other cells and also help regulate the immune response. (grp of proteins produced by virus infected cells - can bind to nearby cells induce generalized antiviral state).
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Lysozyme
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hydrolytic enzyme found in tears, saliva, mucus secretions ABLE TO CLEAVE PEPTIDOGLYCAN layer of bacterial cell wall. Functions as nonspecific antibacterial agent - used as target antigen in immunological studies.
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Complement
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grp serum proteins circulate in inactive state; serum proteins and cell membrane proteins that interact with one another and with other molecules of innate and adaptive immunity to carry out key effector functions. "Between" innate and adaptive immune systems
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Pattern Recognition
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In innate immunity; soluble molecules or TLRs (Toll-Like Receptors - cell associated receptors).
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Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs)
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Family of cell surface receptors that recognize molecules from various common pathogens; for ex: TLR4 recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharides
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Cytokines
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growth factor like molecules; any of numerous secreted low molecular weight proteins that regulate the intensity and duration of the immune response by exerting a variety of effects on lymphocytes and other immune cells; interacts with various cells types and signal cell to perform syn of new factors or diff to new cell type.
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T Cell Receptor (TCR)
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Antigen-binding molecule expressed on the surface of T cells and associated with CD3. Heterodimer consisting of either alpha and beta chain or gamma and delta chain; on maturing T cells
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T Helper Cells (TH)
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(have CD4 membrane glycoproteins) T cells stimulated by antigen to provide signals that promote immune responses; TH1 and TH2 subsets
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T Cytotoxic Cells (TC)
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) |
(have CD8 membrane glycoproteins) T cells that kill target cells in an antigen specific manner
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T Regulatory Cell (Treg)
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(have CD4 membrane glycoproteins) differentiated by Th and Tc by cell surface markers associated with stage of activation; Type of T cell distinguished from Th cells by surface markers (CD25)
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CD4+ Cells
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Recognize only antigen bound to class II MHC molecules on APCs
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CD8+ Cells
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Recognize only antigen bound to class I MHC molecules
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T Cells
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Recognize only antigen bound to cell membrane proteins called MHC (major histocompatibility complex) molecules
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Major Histocomaptibility Complex (MHC) molecules
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Polymorphic (genetically diverse) glycoproteins found on cell membranes; proteins encoded by the MHC. Two major types - class I MHC expressed by all nucleated cells of vertebrates; class II MHC expressed only by APCs
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Clonal Selection
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Antigen binds T or B cell stimulates it to divide repeatedly into clone of cells with same antigen specificity as original; antigen mediated activation & proliferation of members of clone B cells that have receptors for antigen (or for complexes of MHC and peptides derived from antigen in case of T cells)
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