Immuno - Gut Immunity

Front 1

where does antigen uptake and recognition by CD4+ cells occur?

Back 1

SED (subendothelial dome)

Front 2

Where are T cells in the gut activated?

Back 2

mesenteric lymph nodes

Front 3

limiting the colonization by pathogens; mediated by secretory IgA and IgM which are exported by pIgR (aka msC)

Back 3

immune exclusion

Front 4

food proteins and the microbiota suppress Th2 (IgE), Th1, (DTH and IgG), and Th17 responses

Back 4

oral tolerance

Front 5

In immune exclusion, gut lamina propria has few _____, but many J chain expressing ____ and _____

Back 5

B cells; dimeric IgA, IgM plasma cells

Front 6

In immune exclusion, secretory ____ and ____ are actively transported into the ____ via a poly IgR mechanism.

Back 6

IgA; IgM; lumen

Front 7

In oral tolerance, limited expression of pro inflammatory cytolines by APCs and an excess of _____ result in differentiation of naive T cells into _____ cells.

Back 7

TGF B; Treg

Front 8

In oral tolerance, Treg cells suppress ______.

Back 8

Th1, Th2, and Th17 responses.

Front 9

activated CD4+ cells differentiate into

Back 9

Th1, Th2, Th17 effector cells

Front 10

cytokine secretion by (Th1, Th2, Th17) cells depends on ____ that are sensed by ____ on the surface of APCs/T cells

Back 10

MAMP (microbe associated molecular pattern); PRRs

Front 11

_____ dictates the differential expression of co-stimulatory molecules that direct Th cytokine profiles

Back 11

PRR

Front 12

absence of Treg cells results in _____

Back 12

chronic inflammation

Front 13

reduced immune responses _____ and cause _____.

Back 13

fail to control opportunistic pathogens; chronic inflammation

Front 14

microbiota acts as a ___ to enteropathogen infection. This barrier function may be disrupted by ____

Back 14

barrier; malnutrition

Front 15

undernutrition is associated with defects in

Back 15

innate and adaptive immunity

Front 16

microbe associated molecular patterns (MAPMs) signaling via ___ can modify local mucosal immunity

Back 16

TLRs

Front 17

microbe modified dietary components such as ACETATE produced by fermentation of polysaccharides can stimulate ____ production regulating metabolic activities in the lamina propria

Back 17

IL-10

Front 18

immune mediated adverse reactions to food are either

Back 18

IgE mediated (type 1 hypersensitivity) or non IgE mediated (type 3/4 hypersensitivity)

Front 19

allergy to nuts

Back 19

nut > complement > macrophage > PAF (platelet activating factor)

Front 20

when glycosylation patterns bind to SIGN1 on DC's....this promotes the generation of _____ cells

Back 20

Treg

Front 21

when glycosylation patterns bind DC-SIGN or the scavenger receptor alpha type 1 or 2 (SR-AI/II) ....this alters the phenotype of the ____ to promote the generation of ____ cells.

Back 21

DC; Th2

Front 22

sphingolipids found in milk can directly act on ____ cells leading to preferential release of the Th2 cytokines _____.

Back 22

IL-4 and IL-13

Front 23

isoflavanoids from soy prevent sensitization by ....

Back 23

suppressing DC activation

Front 24

in food induced anaphlyxis, mast cells are activated by ____ crosslinking of _____.

Back 24

IgE; FceRI

Front 25

mediators released by mast cells include

Back 25

histamine and platelet activating factor (PAF)

Front 26

mutations in ____ are associated with food induced anaphylaxis in humans

Back 26

NLRP3 gene

Front 27

in anaphylaxis to casein, ____ mediate hypersensitivity

Back 27

Ig free light chains

Front 28

peanut induced anaphylaxis mediated by ________

Back 28

IgG1-induced activation of macrophage

Front 29

immunostimulation by celiacs

Back 29

TG2, HLA-DQ2/DQ8. CD4 T cells secrete mainly Th1 cytokines such as IFN-g which induce release of MMPs by myofibroblasts resulting in villus atrophy. Th2 cytokines drive auto-ab production to gluten and TG2. other inflammatory cytokines also play a role