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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Your immune system does what?
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Your immune system does what?
- provides protection - eliminates foreign protiens & substances - is able to identify non self protiens - immature cells (stem cells) |
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What cells are responsible for phagocytosis in an immune responce?
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What cells are responsible for phagocytosis in an immune response?
- neutrofils - macrofages |
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where do specific/non specific immune responses begin?
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where do specific & non specific immune responses begin?
STEM CELLS in the bone marrow |
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what is the WBC that is the greatest in number?
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what is the WBC that is the greatest in number?
- Neutrophils |
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What would you notice in your patient's CBC that indicates an overwhelming infection?
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what would you notice in your patient's CBC that indicates an
overwhelming infection? - WBC Bands shifting to the Left |
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What is histamine?
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What is histamine?
-allergy response |
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What is the basophils job?
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What is the basophils job?
-release histamine |
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what do leukocytes do?
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what do leukocytes do?
phagocytotic destruction----destroy the infection- (lyse- lytic) create antibodies |
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what are s/s of inflammation?
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what are s/s of inflammation?
red/swelling/pain/heat/decrease function |
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if your pt WBC are below 1000 what are you trying to prevent?
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if your pt WBC are below 1000 what are you trying to prevent? they
have no immunity- at risk for infection |
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what is the first line of defense against infection?
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what is the first line of defense against infection?
-intact skin |
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What is the next step B cells do after they encounter an antigen?
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what is the next step B cells do after they encounter an antigen?
-Make copy, send specific antibodies to T cells |
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What does increased IGG indicate?
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What does increased IGG indicate?
-pt has an infection/virus |
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What is artificial immunity?
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What is artificial immunity?
-vaccinations/immunizations |
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What does IGE indicate?
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What does IGE indicate?
-allergic response |
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What are "subsets" of the T cells for cell mediation immunity?
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What are "subsets" of the T cells for cell mediation immunity?
-killers, helpers, suppressors |
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What does innate/natural immunity mean?
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What does innate/natural immunity mean?
-body's first line of defense against the external environment |
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After having the flu, pt has what kind of immunity?
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After having the flu, pt has what kind of immunity?
-natural, active |
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What is neutropenia?
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What is neutropenia?
-lack of neutrophills |
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Does increased granualcytes, a desired to response to treatment of neutropenia?
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Does increased granualcytes, a desired to response to treatment of neutropenia?
-yes, it shows treatment is working. |
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Would an increase in granualcytes be positive in a pt with neutropenia?
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Would an increase in granualcytes be positive in a pt with neutropenia?
-yes |
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what does desensitization mean?
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what does desensitization mean?
-lower or supress immune response to an allergy |
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how do we desensotize someone?
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how do we desensotize someone?
-small doses of the allergin injected SC |
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What after a weekley desensetize, why wait 20 min?
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What after a weekley desensetize, why wait 20 min?
-to check for a reaction, have epi pen and benadryll on hand |
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why is infection a problem after splenectomy?
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why is infection a problem after splenectomy?
-you have lost some of your immune system |
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Why do we decrease allergen dose if pt missed last session?
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Why do we decrease allergen dose if pt missed last session?
-immunity went down, consult Dr. |
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For the person who requires an immediate intervention during anaphalixis, what's
first? |
For the person who requires an immediate intervention during anaphalixis, what's
first? -Airway!! ABC's |
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if pt is healthy and immune system is intact, should it function properly?
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if pt is healthy and immune system is intact, should it function properly?
-yes, no matter how old |
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pt with numerous allergies, what do you teach them to avoid having a problem?
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pt with numerous allergies, what do you teach them to avoid having a problem?
-avoid the allergin, know what you're allergic to |
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What does a positive scratch test indicate?
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What does a positive scratch test indicate?
-an allergy |
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What group of people are more at risk for latex allergies?
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What group of people are more at risk for latex allergies?
-mechanics, food servers, hair dressers, anyone that wears gloves regularly |
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What type of fruits should you avoid if you're allergic to latex?
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What type of fruits should you avoid if you're allergic to latex?
-kiwi, banana |
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pt exposed to poison ivy, what s/s would you try to control to avoid 2ndary
infection? |
pt exposed to poison ivy, what s/s would you try to control to avoid 2ndary
infection? -itching & scratching |
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Would you expect hives in allergic reactions?
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Would you expect hives in allergic reactions?
-yes |
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what are physical s/s of anaphalaxis?
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what are physical s/s of anaphalaxis?
-tachacardia, weak and thready pulse, hypotention, systen collapse |
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what is angioedema?
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what is angioedema?
-severe swelling, emergency!! urticaria, puritius included |
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excessive responce to allergin is called??
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excessive responce to allergin is called??
-hypersensotivity/allergy |
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What is the normal pulse ox range(SA O2, SP O2, oximitry)?
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What is the normal pulse ox range(SA O2, SP O2, oximitry)?
-95 to 100 |
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Is weezing normalk in anaphalaxis?
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Is weezing normalk in anaphalaxis?
-yes |
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what does diminished breath sounds mean during asthma attack?
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what does diminished breath sounds mean during asthma attack?
-airway is obstructed and getting worse, respitory failure |
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What does position have to do with breath sounds?
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What does position have to do with breath sounds?
-sitting up (semi folwers, high fowlers) |
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What is first responce to transfusion reaction?
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What is first responce to transfusion reaction?
-stop tranasfusion, start saline, urine sample, send everything to lab? |
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what does autologis blood mean?
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what does autologis blood mean?
-blood from yourself |
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What is it called when the blood doesnt work together?
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What is it called when the blood doesnt work together?
-hemplysis |
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Who is universal doner?
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Who is universal doner?
-O neg |
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What foods should pt avoid if immunosupressed?
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What foods should pt avoid if immunosupressed?
-fresh, uncooked, raw, unprotected foods (bananas, oranges ok, because skin) |
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primary nursing responsibility for pt with supressed immune system?
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primary nursing responsibility for pt with supressed immune system?
-reverse isolation, protect them from infection |
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Autoimmune diesases attack what?
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Autoimmune diesases attack what?
-your connective tissue/collegen |
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What's the definition of autoimmune disorder?
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What's the definition of autoimmune disorder?
-your body attacks it own immune system, linked to excessive fat in diet |
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What cells must be supressed to prevent transplant rejection?
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What cells must be supressed to prevent transplant rejection?
-killer T calls |
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What drugs gives?
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What drugs gives?
-methotrexate, |
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What do you do prion to giving organ donation?
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What do you do prion to giving organ donation?
-cross and type blood and tissue |
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what is posible cause of urticaria on palms and soles after bone
marrow transplant? |
what is posible cause of urticaria on palms and soles after bone
marrow transplant? -GVHD, graft vs host disease |
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What are s/s of B12 deficiency?
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What are s/s of B12 deficiency?
-sore red beefy tongue, tingling in fingers and toes, tired, weak, anorexic, weight loss, pallor |
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What substances influances B12 absorption?
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What substances influances B12 absorption?
-intrinsic factor |
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What kinds of disorders cause B12 deficiency?
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What kinds of disorders cause B12 deficiency?
-anorexia, chron's disease, gastric surgery, cholitis, missing parietal cells |
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what ares/s or ulcerated colitis?
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what ares/s or ulcerated colitis?
-diarreha 15-20X per day, weight loss, adbominal distention |
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What does occult mean?
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What does occult mean?
-hidden blood in stool, check in IBS and ulcerative cholitis |
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Why do pt's with chron's disease need B12 injections?
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Why do pt's with chron's disease need B12 injections?
-lacking intrinsic factors, intestional absorption problems, gaining weight means it's working |
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When checking bowel sounds, what do you do first?
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When checking bowel sounds, what do you do first?
-inspect first so you dont move everythign around and agrivatre it |
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What is primary care for Chron's pt?
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What is primary care for Chron's pt?
-monitor skin breakdown in perianal area, fluid & electrolytes |
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When do you see pain and stiffness in RA?
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When do you see pain and stiffness in RA?
-morning |
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Classic s/s in RA?
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Classic s/s in RA?
-bilateral joint pain, swelling, stiffness |
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What labs elevated in RA pt?
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What labs elevated in RA pt?
-ESR/Sed rate indicating inflammation |
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What is first symptom expected by RA?
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What is first symptom expected by RA?
-joint pain/inflammation |
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What does SLE stand for?
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What does SLE stand for?
-systomatic lupus erothemias |
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What is classic rash with SLE?
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What is classic rash with SLE?
-butterfly rash across cheeks and nose other s/s of SLE? -protein uria, weight loss, anorexia |
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what is confirming lab for SLE?
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what is confirming lab for SLE?
-anti DNA |
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Why does pt with Lupus need to monitor body temp?
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Why does pt with Lupus need to monitor body temp?
-getting sick |
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is SLE genetic?
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is SLE genetic?
-yes, occures in families, women get it most |
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what is good pasture syndrome?
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what is good pasture syndrome?
-attacks lungs and kidneys(glomerials), neutrophilts. |
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S/S of good pasture syndrome?
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S/S of good pasture syndrome
-SOB, hemoptysis, decreases urine output, generalized edema, weight gain, HTN, tachycardia |
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What is cause of death in good pasture?
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What is cause of death in good pasture?
-kidney failure |
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What is treatment for good pasture?
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What is treatment for good pasture?
-plasmpheresis, removing antibodies from blood |
