Immune System

Front 1

What is the humoral immune response? What cells are involved? What molecules are involved?

Back 1

Involves B-lymphocytes
effective against extracellular invaders (bacteria and bacterial toxins)
Defense by antibodies

Front 2

what is the cell-mediated immune response? What cells are involved? What molecules are involved?

Back 2

involves T-lymphocytes
effective against infected cells and cancer cells
Defense by cell-to-cell interaction

Front 3

What are some similarities between the humoral and cell-mediated immune response?

Back 3

Both acquired immunity, regulated by helper T cells

Front 4

Why does it take at least two weeks for the flu vaccine to become effective at preventing the disease?

Back 4

the primary immunization takes a while to complete
Sufficient time must pass to allow the primary immune response to kick in to produce memory B-cells, to prime the system for the secondary immune response (which is necessary for preventing the disease). A primary response alone is not likely to be sufficient to prevent disease.

Front 5

Describe the role of each of the following types of immune cells: (a) plasma cells, (B) memory B-lymphocytes, (C) cytotoxic T-cells, (D) macrophages.

Back 5

Plasma cells kill pathogens, then die (humoral), memory B lymphocytes are stored and used for secondary response (humoral), cytotoxic T-cells are involved in cell mediated immunity and kill by cell to cell contact, macrophages are phagocytic involved in acquired and innate immunity.

Front 6

What is the difference between a B-cell and an antibody?

Back 6

Antibodies are proteins produced by B cells; Each B-cells produces only a single type of antibody.

Front 7

8. What is the difference between a pathogen and an antigen?

Back 7

Pathogens are invading organisms, antigens are protiens associated with pathogens