Immune Mediated Disorders

Front 1

itching,swelling,redness, wheals of superficial skin layers

Back 1

urticaria

Front 2

treatment of urticaria is

Back 2

topical or oral antihistamines and corticosteriods

Front 3

the release of histamines cause:

Back 3

urticaria

Front 4

itching, burning,redness,rash on contact with substance

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contact dermatitis

Front 5

itching,swelling redness of deeper tissues and mucous membranes

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angioedema

Front 6

nausea, vomiting,diarrhea,abdominal cramping,malaise,itching,wheezing,rash,cough

Back 6

food allergy

Front 7

treatment of angioedema

Back 7

intubation
subcutaneous epinephrine
aminophylline

Front 8

acute swelling of the face, neck, lips, larynx, hands,feet, genitals and internal organs

Back 8

angioneurotic edema

Front 9

a rapid and profound allergic response characterized by shock, laryngeal edema, wheezing, stridor, tachycardia and hives

Back 9

anaphylaxis

Front 10

Mast cells are constituents of connective tissue that contain granules of:

Back 10

heparin
serotonin
bradykinin
histamine(the most potent chemical)

Front 11

Mast cells are constituents of connective tissue that contain granules of:

Back 11

heparin
serotonin
bradykinin
histamine(the most potent chemical)

Front 12

a high pitched sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the upper airway. It may be inspiratory, expiratory or present on both inspiration and expiration. It can be indicative of serious airway obstruction

Back 12

stridor

Front 13

a biogenic amine involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. It is found in virtually all animal body cells. New evidence also indicates that it plays an important role in chemotaxis of white blood cells.

Back 13

histamine

Front 14

an allergic response triggers a quick release from mast cells of large quantities of immunological mediators (histamines, prostaglandins, leukotrienes)

Back 14

anaphylaxis

Front 15

systemic vasodilation (associated with a sudden drop in blood pressure) and edema of bronchial mucosa (resulting in bronchoconstriction and difficulty breathing
These symptoms indicate:

Back 15

anaphylactic shock

Front 16

The primary treatment for anaphylaxis is administration of

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epinephrine

Front 17

inhibit the effects of histamine at histamine receptors

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antihistamines

Front 18

the process by which cellular and chemical events follow during a second or subsequent exposure to an allergen

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sensitization

Front 19

_____ is a class of antibody

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immunoglobulin E

Front 20

pricking the skin with a needle or pin containing a small amount of the allergen

Back 20

scratch test

Front 21

applying a patch to the skin, where the patch contains the allergen.

Back 21

Patch test

Front 22

the test is started with a very dilute solution. After 10 minutes, the injection site is measured to look for growth of wheal, a small swelling of the skin. Two millimeters of growth in 10 minutes is considered positiv

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intradermal injection test

Front 23

arise from an overactive immune response of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body. In other words, the body attacks its own cells

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autoimmune disorders

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antibodies against self antigens are

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immunoglobulins(autoantibodies)

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self-antigens that resemble foreing antigens cause T-cells to misidentify natural cells and mount an immune attack

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cross antigen theory

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infection,trauma,drugs and radiation alter natural cell. they no longer resemble self-antigens

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tissue injury theory

Front 27

viurses alter T-cell receptors that are used to differentiate self from nonself

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viral mutation theory

Front 28

Some ells, like those of the thyroid,brain, and lens of the eye, are separated from lymphocytes during fetal development

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sequestered antigen theory

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reduced numbers of suppressor cells or a shortened life span because of aging and atrophy of the thymus galnd alters immunoregulation

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diminshed T-suppressor theory

Front 30

genetic coding for antidbody productions is altered which explains the familial pattern to some anutoimmune disorders

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genetic instruction theory

Front 31

types of immunosupprssive drugs

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corticosteroids
cytotoxic
immunosuppressives

Front 32

90% of food allergies are from proteins in:

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milk
egg whites
peanuts
wheat
soybeans

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cold pressed or flavored oils contain

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allergens

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food oils such as peanut or soybean that are highly refined __ ___ contain ____

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do not
allergens

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the phenomenon in which bodily cells, bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment.

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chemotaxis

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usually stored within the secretory granules of mast cells and released only into the vasculature at sites of tissue injury.

Back 36

heparin

Front 37

rather than anticoagulation, the main purpose of _____ is in a defensive mechanism at sites of tissue injury against invading bacteria and other foreign materials.

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heparin

Front 38

Causes vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, smooth muscle activation, separation of endothelial cells (responsible for hives), and pain and itching due to insect stings; the primary receptors involved in allergic rhinitis symptoms and motion sickness.

Back 38

histamine

Front 39

stimulates gastric acid secretion

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histamine

Front 40

Decreased neurotransmitter release: histamine, acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin

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H3 histamine receptor

Front 41

it plays an important role in chemotaxis of white blood cells.

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histamine

Front 42

also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis;

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pertussis

Front 43

mental and physical exhaustion which is "unrelieved by rest" and is worsened by exertion.

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chronic fatigue syndrome

Front 44

muscle weakness, cognitive dysfunction, hypersensitivity, orthostatic intolerance, digestive disturbances, depression, poor immune response, and cardiac and respiratory problems are s/s of:

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chronic fatigue syndrome