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112 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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c-myc
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burkitt's
(oncogene) |
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bcl-2, fxn
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follicular and undifft,
fxn=inhib apoptosis (oncogene) |
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erb-B2
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breast, ovarian, gastric
(oncogene) |
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ras
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colon
(oncogene) |
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L-myc
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lung
(oncogene) |
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N-myc
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neuroblastoma
(oncogene) |
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Rb
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13q, retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma
if a person comes in with one, check for the other! (oncogene) |
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BRCA1,2
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17q,13q breast, ovarian
(tumor suppressor) |
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p53
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17p, most human cancers, Li Fraumeni syn
(tumor suppressor) |
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APC
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5q colorectal
(tumor suppressor) |
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NF1,2
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17q,22q NF1,2
(tumor suppressor) |
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DPC
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18q, pancreatic
(tumor suppressor) |
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DCC
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18q colon (+gastric?)
(tumor suppressor) |
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name genes assoc colon ca
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ras (oncogene), APC, DCC (both tumor suppressors)
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bombesin
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neuroblastoma, lung, gastric tumor marker
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antimicrosomal Ab
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Hashimoto thyroiditis
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antimitochondrial
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PBC
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anticentromere
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Scleroderma, CREST
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AntiIgG
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RF
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IL1
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sxn by macro,
+T, B, PMN, fibro, epithelial endogenous pyrogen |
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IL2
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sxn by Th
+Th,T (also B?) |
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IL3
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sxn activ T
growth diffn BM (like GM-CSF) |
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IL4
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SXN Th
+IgE, IgG |
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IL5
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sxn Th
+ IgA |
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IL8
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sxn ?
major chemotactic for PMN |
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gamma IFN
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sxn by Th
stimulates Macrophages |
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TNF alph
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sxn macro
Th: incr IL2 R B: prolifer PMN: attract, activate |
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TNF beta
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sxn activ T
similar to TNF alpha Th: incr IL2 R B: prolifer PMN: attract, activate |
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Th surface markers
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CD3,4,28
TCR |
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T surface markers
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CD3,8
TCR |
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B cell's surface markers
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CD19,20
B7, IgM |
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macro surface markers
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CD14, MHCII
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NK cell surface markers
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R for MHCI, CD16
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who has MHCI
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all cells except mature RBC
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cytokines secreted by Th
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IL2,4,5, gammaIFN
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cytokines secreted macro
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IL1, TNFalpha
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what stimulates macro
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gamma IFN (sxn by Th)
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Th cell activation: costimulatory signal
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B7,CD28
(B7 is on APC, CD28 on Th cell) |
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when Th activated what secrete
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IL2, gamma IFN
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what cytokine makes Th1? Th2?
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Th1=IL 12
Th2=IL4 |
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1
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1
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Th2 sxns? fxn?
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IL4,5 B cells difft into plasma cell
(Ab immunity) |
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TH1 act on?
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activated macro (gamma IFN)
activated T (IL2) (cell immunity) |
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allotype v isotype v idiotype
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allotype=Ig epitope differs among species
isotype=IgG,IgA, etc, the heavv chain common to the class idiotype=specific Ag (binding site) |
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compare MHCI,II in terms of R
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MHCI=1 polypeptide with beta-2 microglobulin
MHCII=2 polypeptides, alpha, beta chain |
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where MHCI,II loaded
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MHCI=RER (viral Ag)--all nu cells
MHCII=acidified endosome |
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name one allergy B cell mediated and one T
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B cell=hay fever, etc
T cell=poison oak |
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when do you really need T cells
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TB, virus infected cells, fungi
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complement: C3b
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opsonization
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complement: 3a, 5a
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anaphylaxis
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complement: defic C1 esterase
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hereditary angioedema (overactive complement)
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complement: defic C6-8
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Neisseria bacteremia
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defic DAF, what does it stand for
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PNH
DAF=delay activating factor |
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alternative pathway starts w
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C3
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Type I hypersensit
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Anaphylactic and Atopic (rapid)
Ag binds IgE on mast->degran ex. anaphylaxis, asthma, hives, wheal and flare |
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complement: C1-4
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viral neutralization
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complement: C3 defic
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severe recurrent pyogenic snus and respir ifxns
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general role of interferons, then 3 specific roles
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put un-infected cells on alert
-alpha, beta inhibit degrade viral mRNA -gamma incr MHC1,II expression and Ag presentation -activates NK to kill the viral infected cells |
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name 3 bac w Ag variation
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Salmon-2 flagellar
Borrelia-relapsing fever N gonorrhea-pilus protein |
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name parasite w Ag variation
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trypanosomes (programmed rearrangement)
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Type II Hypersensit, ex
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Cytotoxic, IgM or IgG bind enemy, then either complement lysis, or phago
ex. AIHA, Rh dz, Goodpasteur, Rheumatic Fever, Graves, bullous pemphigoid |
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Type III Hypersensit
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=IC, serum sick, arthus
immune complex-Ag/Ab complexes activate complement, bringing PMN (think of 3 things stuck together) ex=PAN, IC GN, SLE, RA |
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Serum Sickness
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type III (w IC, arthus)
Ab formed ag foreign proteins (takes 5 d), then complement fixed->tissue damage sx: fever, urticaria, arthralgias, proteinuria, LAD |
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Arthus rxn
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local subacute hypersensiti (III), form AgAb complexes in skin, activ complement
sx: edema, necrosis |
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ex Arthus
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hypersensitivity pneumonitis from actinomycetes
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Hypersens IV, ex
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delayed (cell mediated) sensitized T encounter Ag and rel lymphokines which activ complement
ex=TB,touching (contact dermatitis) ,transplant rxns |
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How to remember the hypersensitivities
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ACID
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RA which type
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III
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hives which type
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I
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asthma which type
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I
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Goodpasteur which type
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II
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rheumatic fever which type
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II
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bullous pemphigoid which type
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II
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PAN which type
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III
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SLE which type
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III
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wheal and flair which type
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I
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urticaria which type
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part of III serum sickness
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contact dermatitis which type
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IV
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PPD which type
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IV
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symptoms serum sickness, usu cause
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F, urticaria, arthralgias, proteinuria, LAD 5-10 d after Rx
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what usu activates alternate complement
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endotoxin (remember classic is IgG, IgM
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name gene types for MHCs
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I=A,B,C
II=DP,DQ,DR |
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what's IgD
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we don't know, on surface many B cells and in serum
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when give passive immunity (preformed Ab's)
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Tetanus, Botulinum, HBV, Rabies (To Be Healed Rapidly)
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dangerous infxns preg
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ToRCHeS
toxoplasma, rubella, CMV, HSV/HIV, syphilis |
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tuberous sclerosis facial (angiofibroma, sz, MR) assoc w
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astrocytoma and cardiac rhabdomyoma
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what's tuberous sclerosis
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facial angiofibroma, sz, MR
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Paget's dz assoc w
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2 osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma
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acanthosis nigricans assoc w
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visceral malig (stomach, lung, breast, uterus)
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name for benign teratoma
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mature teratoma
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name for epithelail cancers? mesenchymal?
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epithel=carcinoma
mesench=sarcoma |
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which type of cell proliferations are reversible
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-metaplasia (irritation)
-dysplasia (pre cancer) |
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difft bw dysplasia, anaplasia, neoplasia
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dysplasia=loss cell orient, shape, etc (preneo, reversible)
anaplasia=cells lacking difftn neoplasia=clonal prolifer uncontrolled, excessive |
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diff hyperplasia, metaplasia
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hyperplasia=incrse number cells
metaplasia=1 adult cell type replaced by another, often due to irritation or environ exposure |
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which is usu more px: stage or grade?
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stage
remember TNM system (Tumor sie, Nodes, Mets) |
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HLA B27 assoc w
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PAIR
Psoriasis Ankylosing spondylitis IBD Reiters |
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HLA B8 assoc w
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Graves, Celiac sprue
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HLA DR2
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MS, hay fever, SLE, Goodpasteur
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HLA DR3
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DMI
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HLA DR4
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DM2, RA
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HLA DR5
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Pernicious Anemia, Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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HLA DR7
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steroid responsive nephrotic
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HLA type for RA
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DR4
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HLA type for Graves
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B8
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HLA type for Goodpasteur
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DR2 (along w MS, hay fever, SLE)
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HLA type for SLE
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DR2 (along w MS, hay fever, Goodpasteur)
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HLA type for celiac sprue
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B8
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HLA type for MS
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DR2 (along with hay fever, Goodpasteur, SLE)
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HLA type for steroid-responsive nephrotic syn
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DR7
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HLA for psoriasis
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B27
PAIR Psoriasis Ankylosing spondylitis IBD Reiters |
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HLA for IBD
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B27
PAIR Psoriasis Ankylosing spondylitis IBD Reiters |
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HLA for Reiters
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B27
PAIR Psoriasis Ankylosing spondylitis IBD Reiters |
