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45 Cards in this Set
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Hypoglycaemia symptoms |
D U C on treadmill D - drowzy U - unconscious C - confusion Treadmill - sweating, fatigue, breathing difficulties? |
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Hypo (meaning) |
Low
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Vol (meaning) |
Volume |
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Aem + ia (meaning) |
Aemia- Relating to BLOOD |
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Hypovolaemia (meaning) |
Low Vol Blood Blood loss. |
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Ox meaning |
Oxygen |
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Hyp(o) ox ia meaning |
Low Oxygen Cells Low oxygen in cells |
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Hyp (o) ox aemia (meaning) |
Low Oxygen Blood Low blood oxygen |
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Therm (meaning) |
Heat |
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Hypo therm ia (meaning) |
Low
Heat
Low core body temperature <35C |
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Kal (meaning) |
Potassium (Kal is the abbreviation of the full Greek name for potassium) |
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Hyper (meaning) |
High / elevated / excessive |
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Hyper kal aemia (meaning) |
Elevated Potassium In Blood |
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Hypo kal aemia (meaning) |
Low Potassium in Blood |
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Glyc (meaning) |
Sugar |
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Hypo glyc aemia (meaning) |
Low Sugar in Blood |
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Calc (meaning) |
Calcium |
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Hypo calc aemia (meaning) |
Low Calcium in Blood |
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Acid aem ia (meaning) |
Acidity measured in pH So abnormal pH of blood |
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Cardiac Tamponade (meaning) |
Cardiac - heart Tamponade (I think means compression) (Remember by thinking trample and lemonade - pressure in full bottle and trampling) Cardiac Tamponade is actually compression of heart caused by pericardial fluid in pericardial sac limiting the hearts normal movement in and out & ability to take and push out oxygenated blood. (Car crash etc as cause) |
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Thrombosis (meaning) |
meaning clot of blood / clotting of blood - pulmonary embolism - heart embolism (Can't think of a way of remembering this more easily) |
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Toxins (meaning) |
Poisonous to body - cause disease / illness / abnormal changes.
created within body naturally
Ingested substances that, at the right level, cause toxicity. (water can be toxic if enough is drank. Lithium only has a narrow gap between healthy and toxic)
Cause different affects - skin, breathing, blood, heart, etc. |
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Toxins (possible reasons) (5) |
Deliberate overdose
Accidental overdose
Px or over counter drugs
Illicit drugs
Natural substances i.e. water intoxification |
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Toxins (possible drugs involved) (7) |
Tryciclics - heart arrythmias
Digoxin
Betablockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Heroin / Cocaine
Benzos
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Toxin (signs / symptoms) (3) |
pupil changes
pulse changes
ECG abnormaility i.e. QT prlong in cocaine
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Toxins - treat (2) |
CPR
Antidote
(so basically - look for clues to what patient taken & communicate to ambulance.)
Give CPR
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Tension Pnemothorax (meaning) |
Pnemo (meaning air) Thorax - meaning lungs So its lung function Tension - meaning tension around the lung restricting movement |
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Tension Pnemothorax (what is it? / cause) |
Air leaks out of a lung and gets stuck in the outer PLEAURA. (cavity surrounding the lung) The lung now has big problems expanding due to the pressure / tension . Result = lack of oxygen in tissues and blood - hypoxia and hypoxaemia. Causes - lung puncture of some kind. |
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Tension Pnemothorax (Signs / symptoms) (3) |
Lack of chest movement, particularly on one side (if one lung has been punctured).
Rocking chest movement
Use of ancillary (i.e. stomach) muscles to move the lungs.
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Tension Pnemothorax (treatment) (2) |
Give oxygen
Doctor uses a syringe to drain air thats stuck in the cavity. |
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Thrombosis (signs & symptoms / history) 2 2 1 1 (6 causes altogether & 4 signs & symptoms) |
HISTORY:
- DVT history
- recent injury / trauma
- recent surgery
recent mother ( increase of estrogen)
- HRT
- Immune system compromised
- Lifestyle - sitdown job etc
VISUAL
- bruising on the body (possible anti coag SE)
Legs:
- redness
- swelling
- coldness
- possibly no signs
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Thrombosis (treatment) (3) |
- CPR may break it up
- Post CPR:
- ultra sound
- medication - clot buster |
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Cardiac Tamponade (signs & symptoms) (5) |
LUCY LOVES CHEDDAR L , L, C, H, D, Low b.p
Laboured breathing
Headaches
Dizzy
Chest pain |
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Hypovolaemia (sings & symptoms) (3) |
Low b.p.
Visual blood loss
Signs of trauma - could have internal bleeding |
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Hypovolaemia (treatment) (3) |
- fluids (usually give sodium choride IV)
- Blood transfusion in hospital
- Control bleeding |
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Hypothermia (signs & symptoms) (4) |
- temp below 35C
- quiet
- shivering
- pale |
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Hypothermia (treat) |
Keep em warm - put something over them - if got a foil sheet then that's good |
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Hyper & hypo kalaemia Hypoglycaemia Hypocalcaemia Acidaemia (these are carded above seperately but try and remember they go together - just easier to remember them. They all relate to chemicals in the blood. |
They all relate to abnormal natural chemical levels in the blood. |
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Hypoxia & Hypoxaemia (signs & symptoms & treatment) (2) |
cyanosis - blue peripherals i.e. finger tips, lips, feet Low ox sats
give oxygen
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What are the 4 Ts |
Cardiac Tamponade
Tension Pneumothorax
Thrombosis Toxins
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What are the 4 Hs? (Remember there are 5 on 1 card so 9 (altogether).
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Hypoxia Hypoxaemia Hypovolemia Hypothermia Hypo calcaemia Hyper kalaemia Hypokalemia Hypo glycaemia Acidemia |
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How many shock able rythems are there? Names? |
2 - VF and I forget the other |
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What do the 2 ECG rhythms look like? |
1) A scrawly random mess - kids drawing. 2) A nice even up and down tall wave. Like a skipping rope. |
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What's the importance of knowing shock able rhythms? |
The ECG person can be aware of a shock able rhythm from the digital read out rather than wait for audio. It helps prepare you for when the time comes to shock. |
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What do the other 2 look like? |
1 is pretty flat
1 looks quite like a normal ECG. I forget the difference. I think one is called asystole. Can't remember the other.
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