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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Complications of Liver Failure
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AC, 9H
Ascites Coagulopathy Hypoalbuminemia Hypoglycemia Hyperammonia Hyperbilirubinemia Hyperestrinism (portal) HTN Hepatorenal Syndrome Hepatic encephalopathy Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
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MC malignant liver tumors?
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hepatocellular carcinomas
cholangiocarcinomas |
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MC benign liver tumor
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hemangioma
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MCC of pyogenic liver abscess
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biliary tract obstruction - obstruction of bile flow allows bacterial proliferation
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When does clinical jaundice become evident?
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total bili >2.0mg/dL
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dark urine + pale stools =
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conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
(excreted through urine) |
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liver transaminases are often normal or low in patients with cirrhosis or metastatic liver disease ... why?
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number of healthy functioning hepatocytes is markedly reduced
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Possible causes of elevated ALT or AST
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Autoimmune hepatitis
(Hepatitis) B (Hepatitis) C Drugs/toxins Ethanol Fatty liver Growths (tumors) Hemodynamic disorders (CHF) Iron (hemochromatosis), copper (Wilson's deficiency), or AAT deficiency |
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Charcot's triad
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RUQ pain
jaundice fever |
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Reynaud's pentad
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Charcot's: RUQ pain, jaundice, fever
+ septic shock + altered mental status |
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Most serious complication of acute cholangitis
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hepatic abscess - high mortality rate
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antimitochondrial antibodies
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Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
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Klatskin's tumor
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proximal third of CBD - involve junction of right and left hepatic ducts
poor prognosis - unresectable |
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cutaneous flushing + diarrhea + sweating + wheezing + abd pain + heart valve dysfx. =
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carcinoid syndrome - excess serotonin secretion
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MCC of pancreatitis in children
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blunt abd. trauma
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MCC of chronic pancreatitis
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chronic alcoholism
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MCC location of pancreatic cancer
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pancreatic head
then body then tail |
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Palpable gallbladder is called ____?
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Courvoisier's sign
painless |
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Most common source of GI bleeding in patients <60 y/o
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diverticulosis
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Most common source of GI bleeding in patients over age 60
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angiodysplasia - small vascular malformation of the gut
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Most important factor in determining survival of an esophageal perforation if pt. is ill and perforation is large.
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the time interval between esophageal perforation and surgery - if delayed beyond 24 hours, the mortality rate and likelihood of fistulization increase.
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Hallmark location of Crohn's Disease
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terminal ileum
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