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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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5 live attenuated vaccines
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-MMR
-varicella -BCG (bacille calmette-guerin) - polio (vacinia or OPV) - small pox |
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1 vaccine from inactivated toxin
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DPT
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2 Vaccines from purified protein
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-pertussis
-Hep B |
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Vaccine from polysaccharides or protein
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-meningococcal
-pneumococcal -Haemophilus |
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4 vaccines from inactivated agents
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inactivated polio
influenza Hep A Cholera |
ICHI
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3 antimicrobial peptides in extracellular immune response
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defensins
cathelicidins protegrins (put hole in membrane) |
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Effector mechanism essential for Neisseria
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Complement
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How do lysozymes, cathespins, elastase function as effector mechanisms in extracellular response?
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degredation of proteins or lipids essential for pathogen integrity
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Effector enzymes in neutrophils
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Defensins & myeloperoxidase
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Effector enzymes in all phagocytes
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NADPH & phagocyte oxidase
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How do phagocytes recognize pathogens
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-C3bi
-CRP -IgG 1 or 3 -MBL |
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How are macrophages activated
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Th1's express CD40L & TCR
MP binds via CD40 & MHC I IFN gamma receptor is activated |
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Product of activated macrophages
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increased expression of B7 & MCH II
secrete TNF, IL-1, IL-2 IL-12 release iNOS to kill microbe |
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Bugs that subvert humoral immunity via antigenic variation
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Neisseria, E coli, Salmonella
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3 ways bugs subvert humoral immunity
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antigenic variation
evasion of phagocytosis (pneumococci) inhibit complement activation |
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subversion of immunity by Leishmania Major
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Th1 response gives full recovery, Th2 gives disseminated infection
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subversion of immunity by mycobacterium leprae
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Th1 response gives tuberculoid leprosy, Th2 gives lepromatous (with High bacteria count)
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prokaryote characteristics
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-cytoplasmic membrane
-nucleoid -ribosomes: 70s (eukaryote has 80s) -cell wall: peptidoglycan NO: membrane bound organelles (mitochondria) |
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Penicillin G
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G+ strep & enterococcus
NO STAPH N Meningitidis ***(Pen V for dentistry)*** |
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Amoxocillin
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Extended spectrum PCN (skin & soft tissue, lower UTI & URI)
URI, increased G- coverage Needs Clavulonic for ME & sinus infection |
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Ampicillin
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extended spectrum PCN
Listeria Monocytogenes E Coli (UTI)& H Influenza (URI) & meningitis (HIB, S Pneumo, N Meningiditis) |
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Ticarcillin & Pipercillin
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extended spectrum PCN
P. Aeruginosa (w/aminoglycocide) SE: bleeding disorder |
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Methcillin
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Reserved for PCNase forming staph
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Clavulonic Acid
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can be added to PCN to inhibit PCNase
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Probenicid
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decreases renal elimination of PCN- increases half life
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Cephalexin
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1st generation Cephalosporin
Proteus Mirabilus, E Coli, Klebsiella |
PEcK
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Cefuroxime
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2nd generation Cephalosporin
Haemophilis, Enterobacter, Neisseria |
HEN
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Cefataxime
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3rd generation cephalosporin
crosses BBB mostly G- coverage |
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Cefepine
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4th generation cephalosporin
broad spectrum G+ & G- |
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Imipenem
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broadest spectrum beta lactam antibiotic
nosocomial infections P Aerugenosa |
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