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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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II. NEURONS |
Neurons are cells within our nervous system. They are specialized for sending and/or receiving information. |
Mail man of body |
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The Structure Of Neurons |
Neurons consist of three basic parts. The cell body is the main part or center of the neuron. The axon is a tail like structure that carry information away from the cell body. The dendrites (one or more) are usually small appendages that carry information toward the cell body. |
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Myelin Sheath |
Many axons, especially the longer ones are covered by a fatty substance called myelin. It is interrupted by small gaps called Nodes of Ranvier which allow for impulses to be sent more quickly. At the end of the axon is an axon terminal that comes close to another cell in an area know as the synapse. |
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Action Potential |
Neurons transmit messages in the form of electrochemical impulses called an action potential. |
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Neurotransmitters |
When the action potential reaches the axon terminal a chemical known as a neurotransmitter is released into the synapse. They travel across the synapse until they reach a receptor (usually in the dendrites of another neuron) and they cause that cell to respond according to the message received. Students don't need to know any specific neurotransmitters. |
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THE NERVOUS SYSTEM |
The nervous system connects our entire body and allows communication that controls our behaviors and bodily functions. There are two major systems: the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System. |
The telephone operator |
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Central Nervous System |
This consists of the brain and spinal cord. this is the ultimate control center for all human behavior. |
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Peripheral Nervous System |
This consists primarily of nerves that conveys signals from the body's sensory receptors to the CNS and transmits messages back from the CNS to muscles or glands. |
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Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System |
Somatic Nervous System And Autonomic Nervous System |
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Somatic Nervous System |
The Somatic Nervous System connects the CNS with voluntary muscles throughout the body, those muscles we can control |
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Autonomic Nervous System |
The Autonomic Nervous System controls visceral muscles and glands. Those muscles we don't have voluntary control over such as the heart. |
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Divisions of Autonomic Nervous System |
Parasympathetic Nervous System And The Sympathetic Nervous System |
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Parasympathetic Nervous System |
The Parasympathetic Nervous System dominates under conditions of relaxation and tends to conserve energy. |
The fat kid |
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Sympathetic Nervous System |
The Sympathetic Nervous System promotes energy expenditure, especially in emergency situations. It stimulates heart rate, BP, flow of blood to muscles, etc. to get you ready for action. |
The boxer |
