Ifsta Essentials Of Fire Fighting Chapter 6 Portable Fire Extinguishers 5Th Edition

Front 1

What type of fire are portable fire extinguishers used for

Back 1

small fires in incipient or growth stage

Front 2

Portable extinguisher can extinguish or control a small fire in much less time than it would take to deploy a hoseline

Back 2

pg 233

Front 3

What do metropolitan fire departments require ff to carry

Back 3

initial attack team member must carry a water-type or mutipurpose portable extinguisher if the fire is small it is used to extinguish the fire

Front 4

What is NFPA 10

Back 4

portable fire extinguishers

Front 5

What are the 4 mechanisms that a fire extinguisher uses to put out the fire

Back 5

Smothering, Cooling, Chain Breaking (Chemical Chain Interruption), Saponification (forming an oxygen-excluding soapy form)

Front 6

Extinguishing agents that work by smothering are ineffective on what type of material

Back 6

Ones that are self-oxidizing

Ex magnesium if water is applied will flare up

Front 7

Extinguishing Agent

Back 7

Substance used for the purpose of controlling or extinguishing a fire

Front 8

FF should not rely on privately owned extinguishers found in occupancies

Back 8

inoperable because of lack of maintenance, vandalism, or obsolete

Front 9

Where are portable extinguishers usually found

Back 9

Fixed facilities such as home or businesses and on fire apparatus

Front 10

NFPA 1901

Back 10

Automotive Fire Apparatus

Requires Fire trucks to carry extinguishers

Front 11

What size,type, and how many extinguishers does NFPA 1901 require pumping apparatus to carry

Back 11

2 suitable extinguishers with mounting brackets for use on B and C fires

Minimum size for Dry chemical 80 B:C

Minimum size for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 10 B:C

It also requires apparatus to carry 2 1/2 gallon or larger water extinguisher for class a fires

Front 12

Water-type extinguishers should be protected against freezing temp if they they exposed to temp below _____

Back 12

40 degree F

Freeze protection can be provided by adding antifreeze to water or store in warm areas

Front 13

What are three ways portable extinguishers expel their contents?

Back 13

Manual Pump, Stored Pressure, Pressure Cartridge

Front 14

Dry Chemical

Back 14

extinguishing system that uses dry chemical powder as the primary extinguishing agent: often used to protect areas of volatile flammable liquids

Front 15

What is the most common extinguishing agent used on CLASS A fires

Back 15

Water

You can also use water based agent such as foam

or Dry chemical

Front 16

What agents do you use to extinguish CLASS B fires

Back 16

Carbon Dioxide CO2, dry chemical, and class b foam

Front 17

What agents do you use to extinguish CLASS C fires?

Back 17

First turn off or disconnect the electrical power and use appropriate extinguisher for what is burning

Front 18

What is a class C fire

Back 18

it is a class a or b fire created by electrical energy

Front 19

What is a special precaution with a class c fire

Back 19

They are electrically conductive.
Water and water-based agents cannot be safely used till electrical energy has been eliminated

Front 20

What is ALLOY

Back 20

substance or mixture of 2 or more metals fused together and dissolved into each other to enhance properties or usefulness of base metal

Front 21

What are some alloys

Back 21

Magnesium, lithium, potassium, sodium

Front 22

How can you identify a CLASS D fire

Back 22

Bright White emissions from the combustion process

Front 23

What type of agent or extinguisher do you use on a CLASS D fire

Back 23

Dry Powder only DONT USE DRY CHEMICAL ON CLASS D

Front 24

What type of extinguishers are used for CLASS K fires

Back 24

Wet chemicals, or portable extinguishers for CLASS K

Front 25

Wet Chemical Station

Back 25

use wet chemical solution to extinguish found in range hoods and associated ducting where grease may accumulate

Front 26

Pump type Water extinguisher-- explain how work and Class of fire used on

Back 26

Used on Small Class A fires ONLY

Equipped with either a single or double acting pump

pump may be in nozzle or pump in water tank

Front 27

Stored Pressure Water Extinguishers-
What are other names for them

Back 27

Air pressurized water (APW)
Pressurized water extinguishers

Front 28

Stored Pressure Water Extinguishers- what type of fire are they used on

What are they compressed with

Back 28

Used on Class A fires and for confined hot spots

Compressed with Air or Nitrogen

Front 29

When the operating valve is depressed on Stored Pressure Water Extinguishers what happens?

Back 29

Stored pressure forces water up through the siphon tube and out through the hose.

Front 30

Can class A foam be added to Stored Pressure Water Extinguishers?

Back 30

Yes

It increases effectiveness serves as wetting agent to extinguish deep seated fires

EX upholstered furniture or vehicle seats wildland fires in densely matted vegetation

Front 31

Water-Mist Stored-Pressure Extinguishers describe them

Back 31

uses distilled water as the agent and nozzles that produce a fine spray instead of a solid stream.

The fine stream enhances the cooling and soaking charac of water and reduces scattering of burning materials

Front 32

Can Water-Mist Stored-Pressure Extinguishers be used on a class C fire

Back 32

Yes Impurities in water make it electronically conductive. Distilled water is impurity free just steam

Front 33

Wet Chemical Stored-Pressure Extinguishers used to control fires in deep fryers what type of agent is used in them

Back 33

Special Potassium based low-ph agent used to control unsaturated cooking oils

Front 34

What is AFFF and what classes are they used on

Back 34

Aqueous Film Forming Foam

Class A and B

Front 35

AFFF is especially useful in?

Back 35

Suppressing vapors from small liquid fuel spills

Front 36

Define AFFF

Back 36

Synthetic foam concentrate that when combined with water can form complete vapor barrier over fuel spill and fires. Also called light water very useful for hydrocarbons

Front 37

How are AFFF extinguishers different from Stored pressure water extinguishers

Back 37

AFFF uses specific amount of afff with water

Use an air aspirating nozzle that aerates foam solution better quality foam

Front 38

How is AFFF expelled form extinguisher

Back 38

Compressed air or Nitrogen stored in tank

Front 39

Water are two way's AFFF can be applied to prevent vapor seal

Back 39

Rain Down or Deflecting off an object

Front 40

How does AFFF extinguish the fire

Back 40

When AFFF and water are the mixed the finished foam floats on the surface of fuels that are lighter than water. The vapor seal created by film extinguishes the fire

Front 41

Will AFFF work on Polar Solvents? Name some Polar Solvents

Back 41

No Polar solvents mix with water

Alcohol Acetone

Front 42

AFFF are suitable for what class of fires

Back 42

Class A and B

NOT C OR D

Front 43

AFFF not suitable on 3 dimensional fires ex fuel flowing down elevated point most effective on static pools of flammable liquids

Back 43

PG 241

Front 44

AFFF is corrosive and can remove paint from tools and apparatus

Back 44

pg 241

Front 45

Clean Agent Extinguishers what are the pressurized with?

Back 45

Argon Gass

Front 46

Clean Agent Extinguishers what where they designed to specifically replace

Back 46

Halon 1211 liquefied compressed gas

Front 47

Clean Agent Extinguishers describe how they work

What are some types of clean agents

Back 47

discharge clean agents as rapidly evaporating liquid that leaves no residue

Hydrochloroflurocarbon (HCCF)
hydoflurocarbon (HFC)
Perflurocarbon (PFC)
Fluoroidiocarbon (FIC)

Front 48

What types of fires can Clean Agents be applied

Back 48

Class A and B and even C because they are non-conductive

Clean agents are approved by EPA

Front 49

Carbon Dioxide Extinguishers are effect on what Class of fires

Back 49

Class B and C

Front 50

What are the limitations of Carbon Dioxide CO2 extinguishers

Back 50

Discharge is in form of gas so have limited reach.

Effected by the wind

Front 51

Do CO2 extinguishers need freeze protection

Back 51

No

Front 52

Carbon Dioxide is stored under its own pressure as a liquefied gas

Back 52

Pg 241

Front 53

When carbon Dioxide is discharged what happens

Back 53

gaseous discharge is accompanied by dry ice crystals or dry ice (snow) the snow (Sublimes) changes to a gaseous from without becoming a liquid

Front 54

What happens when Co2 is discharged form a horn of extinguisher

Back 54

Static electrical charge builds on horn that could shock you

Front 55

How does Co2 extinguisher work

Back 55

It displaces the oxygen and smothers fire
Even though CO2 is discharged at subzero temp it has little cooling effect on fire

CO2 produces no vapor suppressing film so RE-IGNITION IS ALWAYS A DANGER

Front 56

Where are CO2 wheeled extinguishers commonly used

Back 56

Airports or Industrial Facilities, Refineries

Front 57

How long is the hose on a wheeled co2 unit

Back 57

usually less than 15 feet must be deployed or unwound from unit before use.

Front 58

CO2 extinguishers are distinguishable by the

Back 58

Large discharge horn

Front 59

Dry Chemical Extinguishers are used to extinguish what type of fires

Back 59

Class A-B-C or B-C fires

Front 60

What are 2 types of Dry Chemical extinguishers

Back 60

B:C rated one
Multipurpose A:B:C rated one

Front 61

What agents are used in dry chemical extinguishers 5 of them

Back 61

Sodium Bicarbonate
Potassium Bicarbonate
Urea-potassium Bicarbonate
Potassium Chloride
Monoammonium Phosphate

Front 62

What is the most common type of portable extinguisher in use today

Back 62

Dry Chemical

Front 63

In dry chemical manufacturing process agents are mixed with small amounts of additives that make agents resist moisture and prevent caking. Can be stored for long periods of time and are free flowing

Back 63

pg 243

Front 64

Some dry chemicals are not compatible with foam will break down foam blanket name 2

Back 64

Monoammonium Phosphate Agent
Sodium Bicarbonate Agent

Front 65

Are dry chemical agents toxic

Back 65

No they are considered safe to use.
They will reduce viability and create respiratory problems

Front 66

Are dry chemicals corrosive

Back 66

Yes they are corrosive to metals Carbon Dioxide may be a better choice

Front 67

Corrosive Materials

Back 67

Gaseous.liquid, or solid materials that can burn, irritate, or destroy human skin tissue and corrode steel

Front 68

What are the 2 basic designs for hand held dry chemical extinguishers

Back 68

Cartridge Operated

Stored Pressure

Front 69

Stored Pressure Type Dry Chemical explain how they work

Back 69

Similar to air pressurized water ext

Contain 200 psi of constant pressure

Front 70

Cartridge Operated Co2 how do they work ?

Back 70

Employ a pressure cartridge connected to agent tank
The tank is not pressurized until plunger is pushed to release the gas from the cartridge

Front 71

What type of gad is used to pressurize Cartridge Operated and Stored pressure Dry Chemical Extinguishers

Back 71

Carbon Dioxide or Nitrogen are used to charge these

Front 72

Cartridge operated Dry chemical extinguishers use carbon dioxide as the pressurizes gas unless they subject to freezing temperatures in this case they use ?

Back 72

Dry Nitrogen

Front 73

Dry Chemical Wheeled Units what are they similar to ?

Back 73

Cartridge operated extinguishers.
Agent is kept in one tanks and pressurized gas is stored in another compartment

Front 74

What are the steps to use a Dry Chemical Wheeled Unit ?

Back 74

Position extinguisher at the fire
hose should be stretched out completely before charged. ( if charged it can make the hose more difficult and powder can pack in bends of hose
then introduce pressurized gas into tank allow a few seconds to fully pressurize

Significant nozzle reaction will be felt when opened

Front 75

What are to ways to apply dry powder to a fire

Back 75

Portable Extinguisher, Wheeled Units

Shovel or Scoop

Front 76

Is one Class D agent effective against all metals

Back 76

No some are effective in several types of metal fires while some are only effective on one type

Front 77

What is the appropriate technique for applying class d agents

Back 77

Follow manufactures technical sales literature

Front 78

How must Dry Powder be applied to extinguish a fire

Back 78

Must be applied at a sufficient depth to completely cover the area burning to create a smothering blanket

Front 79

What happens if crust is broken on class d fire ?

Back 79

Fire may flare up and expose more uninvolved material to combustion

Front 80

How do you extinguish a small amount of burning metal on a combustible surface?

Back 80

The fire should be first covered with powder. Then a layer of 2 to 3 inches should be spread nearby and burning metal shoveled onto this layer with more powder as needed

Front 81

In class D fire the metal once treated with dry powder should be left alone until cooled completely don't move until completely cooled

Back 81

Pg 246

Front 82

Class A and B extinguishers are rated according to _________

Back 82

Performance Capability which is represented as a number

Front 83

The classification and numerical number system is based on tests conducted by _________

Back 83

Underwriting Laboratories (UL) or UL OF Canada (ULC)

Front 84

What are Class A Extinguishers rated from what to what ?

Back 84

1-A - 40-A

Front 85

What are Class B Extinguishers rated from what to what ?

Back 85

1-B - 640-B

Front 86

What are Class A extinguisher ratings based on ?

Back 86

Amount of extinguishing agent, duration, and range used in extinguishing test fires

Front 87

Class A ratings are based on burning of what

Back 87

Wood Cribs

Front 88

What are Class B extinguisher ratings based on ?

Back 88

Based on approx square foot area of a flammable liquid fire that a non-expert operator can extinguish. The non expert operator is expected to extinguish a 1 square foot area for each numerical rating or value of extinguisher

Front 89

Class C ratings explain

Back 89

No capability testing is conducted on class C. Because electricity doesn't burn they are basically Class A and B fires. Testing is done to make sure they are not electrically conductive

Front 90

What factors are considered when testings agents for class D fires. 4 factors?

Back 90

Reactions between Metal and Agent
Toxicity of the Agent
Toxicity of the fumes produced and products of combustion
Time allow metal to burn out without fire suppression efforts vs time to extinguish fire

Front 91

Where are the instructions for Class D extinguishers?

Back 91

On the faceplate of the extinguisher

Front 92

How long has the Class K rating been recognized by UL

Back 92

Since 1996

Front 93

What is the Main Agent in Wet Chemicals

Back 93

ALKALINE MIXTURE CONTAINING
potassium acetate,potassium carbonate,potassium citrate,

these work by saponifying

Front 94

What surface area of a deep fryer must class K agents extinguish

Back 94

2.25 square feet

Front 95

What are the three most common multiple markings on a extinguisher

Back 95

1. A-B-C 2. A-B 3. B-C

Front 96

All new portable fire extinguishers must be marked labeled with appropriate markings. Any extinguisher not marked should not be used

Back 96

PG248

Front 97

What are the two ways Portable extinguishers are marked and which system is recommended

Back 97

one way uses geometric shapes of specific colors with letter class inside shape

The second uses pictographs to make selection easier it also shows the type of fires it should not be used on. This is recommend by NFPA 10

Front 98

What is shape and color for Ordinary Combustibles?

Back 98

Green Triangle

Front 99

What is shape and color for Flammable liquids

Back 99

Red Square

Front 100

What is shape and color for Electrical

Back 100

Blue circle

Front 101

What is shape and color for Combustible Metals

Back 101

Yellow Star

Front 102

What is shape and color for K or Kitchen

Back 102

Black Octagon

Front 103

When selecting the proper fire extinguisher what 8 things should you consider?

Back 103

Classification of burning fuel
Rating of extinguisher
Hazards to be protected
Size/Intensity of the Fire
Atmospheric Conditions
Any Life Hazard or Operational Concerns
Ease of handling the Extinguisher
Availability of trained personnel

Front 104

Before attempting to use a extinguisher in an emergency what should you check 4 things?

Back 104

External condition
Hose/Nozzle in place
Weight feels as though it has agent
Pressure gauge in operable range

Front 105

From what side do you approach to put fire out with a extinguisher

Back 105

The windward side. Wind to your back

Front 106

What memorization method is used to guide a person to extinguish a fire with extinguisher

Back 106

P -- Pull Pin
A-- Aim at base of fire
S-- Squeeze the handle
S-- Sweep nozzle back and forth

Front 107

Lay empty extinguishers on side after use.

Back 107

pg 252

Front 108

NFPA 10 requires extinguishers to be inspected ?

Back 108

yearly

Front 109

Servicing or extinguishing equipment is responsibility of ?

Back 109

Property owner or building occupant

Front 110

What are the 3 factors that determine value of the extinguisher?

Back 110

Its Serviceability
Its Accessibility
Its Simplicity of Operation

Front 111

Who requires hydrostatic testing of extinguisher cylinders

Back 111

Department Of Transportation and Transport Canada

Front 112

If a extinguisher only shows slight damage or corrosion but it is uncertain on safety or use what should you do with it

Back 112

Have it hydrostatic tested

Front 113

When were Inverted type extinguishers not made anymore?

Back 113

1969

Front 114

What are the types of Inverted Extinguishers?

Back 114

Soda Acid
Foam
Internal cartridge operated water and loaded stream
internal cartridge dry chemical

Front 115

Because of toxicity carbontetrachloride and chlorobromomethane extinguishers using this were prohibited in workplace under what osha regulations

Back 115

29 CFR 1910.157 subpart L (C) (5) dated September 12, 1980 required employers to remove these by January 1982

Front 116

What International Treaty required complete termination and use of halon
What year was it adopted and what year was use supposed to stop by

Back 116

Montreal Protocol on Substances that deplete the Ozone Layer

1987 adopted

2000 termination of halon

Front 117

In what year did us stop making halon

Back 117

1993

Front 118

Define Halon

Back 118

halognated hydrocarbons that contain carbon plus one or more elements ( fluorine,chlorine, bromine, or iodine

Front 119

What is halon's main use for

Back 119

Highly sensitive electronic equipment

Front 120

What are two most common types of halon extinguishers

Back 120

Halon 1211
Halon 1301

Front 121

What was halon 1211 replaced with

Back 121

Fe-36 hexafluoropropane

Front 122

What was halon 1211 used for

Back 122

Class b-c fires

Extinguishers over 9 lbs had a low class a rating of 1-a -4-a depending on size

Had wheeled units up to 150lbs

Front 123

How was halon 1211 stored

Back 123

stored as a liquefied compressed gas
nitrogen was added to increase discharge pressure. It came out as a clear liquid stream

Front 124

What has halon 1301 been replaced with?

Back 124

FE-241 chlorotetrafluoroethane
and FM-200 heptafluropropane

Front 125

How is halon 1301 discharged

Back 125

nearly invisible gas highly susceptible to wind. It dispensed fast and required low concentrations. Agent of choice in most total flooding systems