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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Staphylococcus aureus
Genus: Staphylococcus spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Staphylococcus spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram positive cocci - Distinguishing features: GP, cocci in clusters Pathogenicity: a-hemolysin, enterotoxins, TSST1 Clinical Significance: - *ARO - MRSA - SSTI - SSTI - necrotizing fasciitis (nec. fas.) - Osteomyelitis - Endocarditis - TSS - CF pneumonia - Diarrhea |
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Coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS)
S. epidermidis Genus: Staphylococcus spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Staphylococcus spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram positive cocci - Distinguishing features: GP, cocci in clusters Pathogenicity: biofilm production (exopolysaccharide) Clinical Significance: - Osteomyelitis - Nosocomial blood stream infections associated with IV catheters - Prosthetic material infections |
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Group A Streptococcus (GAS)
(Streptococcus pyogenes) b-hemolytic Genus: Streptococcus spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Streptococcus spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram positive cocci - Distinguishing features: GP, cocci in pairs/chains Pathogenicity: streptolysin O&S, erythrogenic toxin (both lyse RBC) Clinical Significance: - Pharyngitis (strep throat) - SSTI - SSTI - nec. fas. - Rheumatic fever - Streptococcal TSS (STSS) |
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Group B Streptococcus (GBS)
(Streptococcus agalactiae) b-hemolytic Genus: Streptococcus spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Streptococcus spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram positive cocci - Distinguishing features: GP, cocci in pairs/chains Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule Clinical Significance: - Early onset neonatal disease (pneumonia, sepsis) - Late onset neonatal disease (meningitis, sepsis) |
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Strep. pneumoniae
a-hemolytic Genus: Streptococcus spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Streptococcus spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram positive cocci - Distinguishing features: GP, cocci in pairs/chains Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule Clinical Significance: - Meningitis - Conjunctivitis - Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) - Otitis media |
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Strep. mitis
a-hemolytic Genus: Streptococcus spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Streptococcus spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram positive cocci - Distinguishing features: GP, cocci in pairs/chains Pathogenicity: extracellular complex polysaccharides to enhance attachment Clinical Significance: - Native valve endocarditis - Bacteremia - Meningitis |
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Enterococci
Non-hemolytic Genus: Streptococcus spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Streptococcus spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram positive cocci - Distinguishing features: GP, cocci in pairs/chains Pathogenicity: surface adhesins, secreted toxins Clinical Significance: * ARO - VRE - UTI - Endocarditis - Nosocomial VRE |
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C. diphteriae
Genus: Corynebacterium spp. - Aerobic/anaerobic? - GP/GN? - Shape - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Corynebacterium spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram positive bacilli - Distinguishing features: GP, bacilli, non-branching Pathogenicity: diphteria toxin Clinical Significance: - Diphtheria (pharyngeal) |
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C. jeikeium
Genus: Corynebacterium spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Corynebacterium spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram positive bacilli - Distinguishing features: GP, bacilli, non-branching Pathogenicity: unknown, low virulence Clinical Significance: - Endocarditis - Foreign-body infections - Septicemia (IV catheters) |
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Listeria monocytogenes
Genus: Listeria spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Listeria spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram positive bacilli - Distinguishing features: GP, single/short-chain bacilli, non-branching, motile Pathogenicity: hemolysin (neurotrophic) Clinical Significance: - Gastroenteritis - Septicemia - Meningitis/encephalitis - Pregnancy: abortion, stillbirth, preterm labor |
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Peptostreptococcus spp.
Genus: Peptostreptococcus spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Peptostreptococcus spp.
- Basic classification: anaerobic gram positive cocci - Distinguishing features: GP, elongated cocci, non-spore forming Pathogenicity: no definitive virulence factors known Clinical Significance: - Mixed anaerobic/aerobic bacteria infections (ex. cutaneous, respiratory, oral, or female pelvic infections) |
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Actinomyces israelii
Genus: Actinomyces spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Actinomyces spp.
- Basic classification: anaerobic gram positive bacilli - Distinguishing features: GP (beaded irregular staining), branching/filamentous bacilli Pathogenicity: not well characterized, disruption of protective mucosal surface Clinical Significance: - Oral/cervicofacial infections (ex. draining of sinus tract) - Pelvic infections (IUD) - Abdominal infections |
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Clostridium tetani
Genus: Clostridium spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Clostridium spp.
- Basic classification: anaerobic gram positive bacilli - Distinguishing features: GP, box car shaped rods/blunt ends (C. perfringens), straight rods (C. difficult, C. tetani), straight/curved rods (C. botulinum), spores Pathogenicity: tetanus toxin Clinical Significance: - Tetanus |
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Clostridium perfringens
Genus: Clostridium spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Clostridium spp.
- Basic classification: anaerobic gram positive bacilli - Distinguishing features: GP, box car shaped rods/blunt ends (C. perfringens), straight rods (C. difficult, C. tetani), straight/curved rods (C. botulinum), spores Pathogenicity: a-toxin, enterotoxin Clinical Significance: - Gas gangrene - Diarrhea/bloody, acute necrotizing GI infection |
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Clostridium botulinum
Genus: Clostridium spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Clostridium spp.
- Basic classification: anaerobic gram positive bacilli - Distinguishing features: GP, box car shaped rods/blunt ends (C. perfringens), straight rods (C. difficult, C. tetani), straight/curved rods (C. botulinum), spores Pathogenicity: neurotoxin Clinical Significance: - Botulism (flaccid paralysis) |
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Clostridium difficile
Genus: Clostridium spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Clostridium spp.
- Basic classification: anaerobic gram positive bacilli - Distinguishing features: GP, box car shaped rods/blunt ends (C. perfringens), straight rods (C. difficult, C. tetani), straight/curved rods (C. botulinum), spores Pathogenicity: toxin A, toxin B Clinical Significance: *ARO - Diarrhea (antibiotic/hospitalization req'd) |
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Escherichia coli
Genus: Enterobacteriaceae spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Enterobacteriaceae spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram negative fermenters - Distinguishing features: GN, rods Pathogenicity: endotoxin, exotoxins, capsule, pili Clinical Significance: - Meningitis (newborns) - UTI - GI infection |
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Enterobacter spp.
Genus: Enterobacteriaceae spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Enterobacteriaceae spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram negative fermenters - Distinguishing features: GN, rods Pathogenicity: endotoxin, exotoxins, capsule, adhesion proteins Clinical Significance: - UTI - Nosocomial infections - Blood infections |
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Salmonella spp.
Genus: Enterobacteriaceae spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Enterobacteriaceae spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram negative fermenters - Distinguishing features: GN, rods Pathogenicity: adhesion proteins, survival in phagocytes, dissemination to other tissues Clinical Significance: - GI infection - Bacteremia - Enteric fever |
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Proteus spp.
Genus: Enterobacteriaceae spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Enterobacteriaceae spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram negative fermenters - Distinguishing features: GN, rods Pathogenicity: endotoxins, exotoxins, capsules, adhesion proteins Clinical Significance: - UTI - Nosocomial infections - Blood infections |
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Vibrio cholerae
Genus: Vibrio spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Vibrio spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram negative fermenters - Distinguishing features: GN, rods Pathogenicity: somatic O Ag, exotoxins Clinical Significance: - Cholera (GI infections) |
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Moraxella catarrhalis
Genus: Moraxella spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Moraxella spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram negative nonfermenters - Distinguishing features: GN, diplococci (*note) Pathogenicity: uncertain, cell envelope adhesion factors Clinical Significance: - CAP |
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Genus: Pseudomonas spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Pseudomonas spp.
- Basic classification: aerobic gram negative nonfermenters - Distinguishing features: GN, slender bacilli, metallic sheen, grape-like odor, (likes moist + warm env) Pathogenicity: exotoxin A, endotoxins, pili, proteolytic enzymes Clinical Significance: - Otitis externa - CF pneumonia - Ventilator acquired pneumonia (VAP) - UTI |
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Haemophilus influenza
Genus: Haemophilus spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Haemophilus spp.
- Basic classification: fastidious gram negative bacilli/cocci/coccobacilli - Distinguishing features: GN, coccobacilli/short rods, satellite Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule, pili, endotoxin, outer membrane protein Clinical Significance: - Meningitis - Epiglottitis - Conjunctivitis - Otitis media - Pneumonia |
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Neisseria meningitidis
Genus: Neisseria spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Neisseria spp.
- Basic classification: fastidious gram negative bacilli/cocci/coccobacilli - Distinguishing features: GN, diplococci Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule, pili, endotoxin, outer membrane protein Clinical Significance: - Meningitis |
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Neisseria gonorrhea
Genus: Neisseria spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Neisseria spp.
- Basic classification: fastidious gram negative bacilli/cocci/coccobacilli - Distinguishing features: GN, diplococci Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule, pili, proteases, adherence proteins Clinical Significance: - Pharyngitis - Gonorrhea - Conjunctivitis |
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Bacteroides fragilis
Genus: Bacteroides spp. - Basic classification - Distinguishing features Sp/strain: - Pathogenicity - Clinical significance |
Genus: Bacteroides spp.
- Basic classification: anaerobic gram negative - Distinguishing features: GN, straight bacilli, pale staining Pathogenicity: polysaccharide capsule, endotoxins, enzymes Clinical Significance: - Abscesses throughout body - Bacteremia - Aspiration pneumonia - SSTI |
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Antibiotic Resistant Organisms (ARO)
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- MRSA (methicillin resistant S. aureus)
- VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococci) - C. difficile |
