Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
catalase
|
breaks down hydrogen peroxide to form water and oxygen
|
|
|
coagulase
|
is a protein or proteins produced by S. aureus which interacts with fibrinogen in the plasma of blood
|
|
|
protein A
|
binds immunoglobulin IgG
|
|
|
Staphlococcci morphology
|
gram positive cocci with tendency to grow in cultures
|
|
|
Staphylococcus Aureus-metabolism
|
1) catalase +
2) coagulase + 3) Facultative anaerobe |
|
|
Staphylococcus Aureus- Virulence
|
Protective proteins:
1)Protein A: binds IgG, preventing opsonization and phagocytosis 2) Coagulase: allows fibrin formation around organism 3)Hemolysins 4) Leukocidins 5) Penicilinase Tissue Destroying Proteins: 1) Hyaluronidase: Breaks down connective tissue 2) Staphylokinase: lyses formed clots 3) Lipase |
|
|
Staphylococcus Aureus- Toxins
|
Assault Weaponry
1) Exfoliatin: scalded skin syndrome 2) Enterotoxin: food poisoning 3) Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) |
|
|
Staphylococcus Aureus- Clinical
|
A. Exotoxin Dependent
1. Gastroenteritis (food poisoning): Rapid onset of vomiting & diarrhea, with rapid recovery 2. Toxic shock syndrome: a. High fever b. Nausea and vomiting c. Watery diarrhea d. Erythematous rash e. Hypotension f. Desquamation of palms and soles 3. Scalded skin syndrome B. Direct Invasion 1. Pneumonia 2. Meningitis 3. Osteopmyelitis (in children) 4. Acute bacterial endocarditis 5. Septic arthritis 6. Skin infection 7. Bacteremia/sepsis 8. Urinary tract infection |
|
|
Staphylococcus Aureus- Treatment
|
1. Penicillinase- resistant penicillins
2. Vancomycin 3. Clindamycin *If methicillin-resistant: treat with intravenous vancomycin |
|
|
Staphylococcus Aureus- Diagnostics
|
1) Gram stain: reveals gram positive cocci in clusters
2)Culture: A. Beta-Hemolytic B. Produces a golden yellow pigment 3)Metabolic A. Catalase positive B. Coagulase positive |
|
|
Staphylococcus Epidermis-metabolism
|
1) Catalase +
2) Coagulase - 2) Facultative Anaerobe |
|
|
Staphylococcus Epidermis-Virulence
|
1) Polysaccharide capsule: adheres to a variety of prosthetic divices
2) Highly resistant to antibiotics |
|
|
Staphylococcus Epidermis-Clinical
|
A. Nosocomial infections:
1. Prosthetic joints 2. Prosthetic heart valves 3. Sepsis from intravenous lines 4. Urinary tract infections B. Frequent skin contaminant in blood culturs |
|
|
Staphylococcus Epidermis-Treatment
|
Vancomycin (since resistant to multiple antibiotics)
|
|
|
Staphylococcus Epidermis-Diagnostics
|
1. Gram stain: reveals gram positive cocci in clusters
2. Culture 3. Metabolic A. Catalase + B. Coagulase - |
|
|
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus-Metabolism
|
1. Catalase +
2. Coagulase - 3. Facultative anaerobe |
|
|
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus-Clinical
|
Urinary Tract infection in sexually active young women
|
|
|
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus-Treatment
|
penicillin
|
|
|
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus-Diagnostics
|
1. Gram stain: reveals gram positive cocci in clusters
2. Culture 3. Metabolic A. Catalase + B. Coagulase - |
