Id Anatomy Test Iii

Front 1

Which Vessels, Nerves, and Lymph Nodes must we know within the VENTRAL AND LATERAL PARTS OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL?

Back 1

-External Pudendal a./v.
-Caudal Superficial Epigastric
-Cranial Superficial Epigastric
-Superficial Inguinal lnn.
-Cranial Abdominal a.
-Cutaneous Nerves
-Lateral Cutaneous Femoral n
-Deep Circumflex Iliac a./v.

Front 2

EXTERNAL PUDENDAL A.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Termination:
-Supplies:

Back 2

-Pudendoepigastric trunk (a branch from the Deep Femoral a.)
-Transverse the Inguinal Canal (Both Sexes) & leave Superficial Inguinal ring caudal and medial to the structures that supply the testis & courses caudoventrally to the cranial border of the Gracilis m.
-Terminates/is continued as the Caudal Superficial Epigastric a.
-Labia (Female)/Scrotum (Male)

Front 3

CAUDAL SUPERFICIAL EPIGASTRIC A.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Termination:
-Supplies:

Back 3

-Direct continuation of the External Pudendal a. Dorsal to the Superficial Inguinal ln.
-Runs cranially to the deep surface of the Inguinal mamma
-Terminates/anastomoses with branches of the Cranial Superficial Epigastric a.
-Supplies:
-mammary branches
-Caudal abdominal mamma
-Prepuse (male)

Front 4

CRANIAL SUPERFICIAL EPIGASTRIC A.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Termination:
-Supplies:

Back 4

-Continuation of the Cranial Epigastric a.
-Seen subcutaneously near the cranial abdominal papilla (female)
-Anastomosis with Caudal Superficial Epigastric a.
-Branches supply the superficial part of the ventral abdominal wall

Front 5

SUPERFICIAL INGUINAL LYMPH NODES:
-Location:
-Function:

Back 5

-Lie adjacent to the Caudal Superficial Epigastric vessels and cranial to their origin from the external pudendal vessels.
-Afferent Lymphatics course thru the inguinal canal to reach lnn. in the sublumbar region
-Afferent lymphatics of these nodes drain the mammae, prepuse, scrotum, and ventral abdominal wall as far cranially as the umbilicus

Front 6

Which for vessels provide the primary vascular supply to the abdominal wall?

Back 6

-Cranial Abdominal a. (craniodorsal)
-Cranial Epigastric a. (cranioventral)
-Caudal Epigastric a. (caudoventral)
-Deep Circumflex Iliac a. (caudodorsal)

Front 7

CRANIAL ABDOMINAL A.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Termination:
-Supplies:

Back 7

-Superficial branches arise from a common origin with the Caudal Phrenic a. off of the aorta and perforates the abdominal musculature to reach the skin
- Superficial branches emerge from the dorsolateral abdominal wall caudal to the last rib
-Supplies abdominal musculature

Front 8

LATERAL CUTANEOUS FEMORAL NERVE:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Innervates

Back 8

-Arises from the 4th Lumbar spinal nerve & is cutaneous to the cranial & lateral surfaces of the thigh
-Cranial to the cranioventral iliac spine it perforates the internal abdominal oblique m. & appears superficially.
-Ventral branc supplies ventral and lateral parts of the abdominal wall.

Front 9

DEEP CIRCUMFLEX ILIAC A./V.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Termination:
-Supply:

Back 9

-Arises from the aorta
-Cranial to the cranioventral iliac spine they perforate the Internal abdominal oblique m. & appear superficially.
-Supplies the caudodorsal abdominal wall

Front 10

GENITOFEMORAL N.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Innervates:

Back 10

-Arises from the ventral branches of the 3rd&4th Lumbar nn.
-Transverses the Inguinal Canal (Both Sexes)
-It is bound by Fascia to the External Pudendal v. medial to the Spermatic Cord.
-Innervates Cremaster m. & Skin covering the Inguinal Region & Proximal medial thigh of both sexes & part of the Prepuce (male)

Front 11

SPERMATIC FASCIA:
-Contiuation of:
-Surrounds:

Back 11

-Abdominal & Transversalis Fascia
-Surrounds structures emerging from the Superficial Inguinal Ring:
-Vaginal Tunic (Spermatic
Cord)
-Cremaster m.

Front 12

CREMASTER M.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Attachment:

Back 12

-Arises from the caudal free border of the Internal abdominal oblique m.
-Surrounded by Spermatic Fascia, it courses along the caudal part of the Vaginal Tunic.
-Attaches to Vaginal Tunic near the Testis.

Front 13

VAGINAL PROCESS:
-Location:
-Description:

Back 13

-Just deep to the Spermatic Fascia passes Obliquely Caudoventrally thru Inguinal Canal & extends from its emergence thru the Superficial Inguinal Ring to the Testis.
-Is a diverticulum of the Peritoneum present in both sexes.
-Envelops the Testis & structures of the Spermatic cord & is referred to as the Vaginal Tunic (Male)
-Consists of Parietal Vaginal Tunic & Visceral Vaginal Tunic

Front 14

PARIETAL VAGINAL TUNIC:
-Location:
-Description:

Back 14

-Outer layer of the Vaginal Process
-Extends from the Deep Inguinal Ring to the bottom of the Scrotum.
-Outer layer of a continuation of the Peritoneal Cavity

Front 15

VISCERAL VAGINAL TUNIC:
-Location:
-Description:

Back 15

-Inner layer of Vaginal Process
-Closely fused to/intimately covers the Testis & Epididymis & surrounds the Ductus Deferens
-At the Caudal extremity of the Epididymis, it leaves the Tail at an acute angle & becomes the Parietal layer

Front 16

MESORCHIUM:
-Location:
-Description:

Back 16

-The Mesentary of the Testis aka. a fold of Peritoneum continuous with Parietal & Visceral Vaginal Tunics
-Contains the Vessels & Nerves of the Testis:
-Testicular a./v.
-Testicular Lymph vessels
-Testicular Plexus of
Autonomic nn.

Front 17

MESODUCTUS DEFERENS:
-Location:
-Description:

Back 17

-The Mesentary (fold of Peritoneum) that attaches the Ductus Deferens to the Abdominal&Pelvic Wall proximally & the Mesorchium Distally
-Contains the Artery, Vein, & Nerve of the Ductus Deferens
-Attaches the Ductus Deferens to the Mesorchium at the Vaginal Ring

Front 18

-SPERMATIC CORD:
-Location:
-Description:

Back 18

-Carried Obliquely Caudoventrally thru the Inguinal Canal by the Descent of the Testis
-Composed of 2 Distinct parts:
-Ductus Deferens
-Testicular a./v.

Front 19

DUCTUS DEFERENS:
-Origin:
-Courses:
-Attachment:
-Action:

Back 19

-Arises from the Tail of the Epididymis at the caudal end of the Testis
-Passes cranially over the Testis Medial to the Epididymis
-Attached to the Mesorchium by the Mesoductus Deferens
-Courses Caudally from the Vaginal Ring to the Urethra just beyond the Neck of the Bladder
-Carries spermatozoa from the Epididymis to the Urethra

Front 20

DEFERENT A./V.:
-Location:

Back 20

-Accompany the Ductus Deferens from the Tail of the Epididymis at the Caudal end of the Testis to the Mesorchium

Front 21

TESTICULAR A./V.:
-Closely associated structures:
-Origin:
-Courses:

Back 21

-Testicular Lymph Vessels & Testicular Plexus of Autonomic Nerves -Branches of Aorta;Caudal Vena Cava
-Enter the testis at its cranial end
-Artery is "tortuous",& woven around it are the Nerve Plexus & Venous Plexus (Pampiniform Plexus)
-(The Nerve Plexus is Autonomic & Sensory & contains Postganglionic Sympathetic Axons, which arise from the 3rd-5th Lumbar Sympathetic Ganglia)

Front 22

EPIDIDYMIS:
-Location:
-Divisions:

Back 22

-Lies more on the Lateral Side of the Testis than on its Dorsal Border.
-Divided into:
-cranial extremity / HEAD
(where Epididymis
communicates w/ Testis)
-middle part / BODY
-caudal extremity / TAIL
(continuous w/ Ductus
Deferens)

Front 23

PROPER LIG. OF TESTIS:
-Location/Purpose:

Back 23

-Attaches Tail of the Epididymis to the Testis

Front 24

LIG. OF TAIL OF EPIDIDYMIS:
-Location/Purpose:
-Remnant of:

Back 24

-Seen by reflecting Skin of the Scrotum Caudally
-CT that attaches Tail of Epididymis to the Vaginal Tunic & Spermatic Fascia at the level of the small circumscribed area on the Epididymis not covered by Peritoneum.
-A remnant of the caudal part of the Fetal Gubernaculum

Front 25

SCROTUM:
-Divided by:
-Contains:

Back 25

-Pouch divided by an External Raphe & an Internal Median Septum into 2 Cavities
-Each is occupied by:
-A Testis
-An Epididymis
-Distal part of Spermatic Cord

Front 26

What is the Round Lig. of the Uterus a remnant of?

Back 26

-Remnant of the caudal part of the fetal Gubernaculum

Front 27

ROUND LIG. OF UTERUS:
-Origin:
-Attachment:
-Associated Structure:

Back 27

-Contained in the Mesometrium (Fold of peritoneum that suspends the Uterus & passes into the Vaginal Ring) within the abdomen
-Vaginal Process (Peritoneal Diverticulum accompanying Round Lig. of Uterus); Both structures, enclosed in fascia & surrounded by fat, pass Obliquely Caudoventrally thru Inguinal Canal & may extend as far as the Vulva

Front 28

INGUINAL CANAL:
-Location/Description:

Back 28

-Short fissure filled w/ CT btw. the Abdominal mm; extends btw. Deep&Superficial Inguinal Rings.

Front 29

INGUINAL CANAL:
-Boundaries:
-Lateral:
-Cranial:
-Caudal:
-Medial:

Back 29

-Laterally- by Aponeurosis of
Ext. Abd. Oblique m.
-Cranially- by Caudal border
of Int. Abd. Oblique m.
-Caudally- by Caudal border
of Aponeurosis of Ext. Abd.
Oblique m. (Inguinal Lig.)
-Medially- inpart, by the
Superficial surface of the
Rectus Abdominis m.

Front 30

INGUINAL CANAL:
-Pass Thru:
-Male:
-Female:
-Transverse (Male&Fem.):

Back 30

Pass Obliquely Caudoventrally Thru Canal:
-Vaginal Tunic&Spermatic
Cord (Male)
-Vaginal Process&Round Lig.
of Uterus (Female)
Transverse the Canal (M&F):
-External Pudendal a./v.
-Genitofemoral n.

Front 31

Structures within the Inguinal Canal Common to both Male & Female?

Back 31

-External Pudendal a./v.
-Genitofemoral n.
-"Peritoneal Extension"

Front 32

ABDOMINAL CAVITY:
-Formed by:
-Lined by:

Back 32

-Formed by:
-Muscles of Abdominal Wall
-Ribs
-Diaphragm
-Lined by Parietal Peritoneum

Front 33

PERITONEAL CAVITY:
-Description:
-Lined by:
-Contains:

Back 33

-Closed space enclosed by Peritoneum
-Lined by a Serous Membrane
(thin layer of loose CT covered by a layer of Mesothelium)
-NO ORGANS in the Peritoneal Cavity b/c they are covered by Visceral Peritoneum!

Front 34

PERITONEUM:
-Derived from:
-Purpose:
-Sections:
-Reinforced by:

Back 34

-The Somatic & Splanchnic Mesodermal Layers lining the Embryonic Coelom
-Encloses Peritoneal Cavity
-Parietal & Visceral Peritoneum
-Reinforced by Transversalis Fascia

Front 35

PARIETAL PERITONEUM:
-Location:
-Continuous Dorsally With:
-Forms:

Back 35

-Single Layer that lines Internal Abdominal Cavity (Body Wall)
- Mesentary which connects to the Visceral Peritoneum
-Forms Vaginal Ring as it leaves the Abdomen & enters the Inguinal Canal to form the Vaginal Process or Tunic. (Marks the position of the Deep Inguinal Ring)

Front 36

VISCERAL PERITONEUM:
-Location/Purpose:

Back 36

-Single Layer on surface of Abdominal Organs

Front 37

TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA:
-Reinforces:
-Attachments:

Back 37

-Reinforces Peritoneum
Attaches to:
-Abdominal mm.
-Diaphragm

Front 38

FALCIFORM LIG.:
-Location:
-Attachments:
-In Adult Dogs:

Back 38

-Fold of Connecting Peritoneum extending from Ventral Abdominal wall to Umbilicus & passes from Umbilicus to Diaphragm
-Also extends from liver to Diaphragm & attached to Liver between the Left Medial & Quadrate Lobes.
-Filled w/ fat & persists only from Diaphragm to Umbilicus in Adult Dogs

Front 39

FALCIFORM LIG.:
-Remnant of:
-Fetal Signifigance:

Back 39

-Embryonic Ventral Mesentery filled w/ fat &
-Contains Round Lig. of Liver
coursing Cranially in its Free
Border (Remnant of Umbilical
v. of Fetus; Visable in Young
animals)

Front 40

MEDIAN LIG. OF BLADDER:
-Location:
-Encloses in Fetus:

Back 40

-The fold of Peritoneum caudal to the Umbilicus
-In the fetus, the Urachus & Umbilical aa. are in its free border.

Front 41

VAGINAL RING:
-Location:
-Formed by:
-Associated Structures:

Back 41

-Caudoventral aspect of the inside of the Peritoneal Cavity at the level of the Inguinal Canal
-Formed by the Parietal Peritoneum as it leaves the Abdomen & enters the Inguinal Canal to form the Vaginal Process or Tunic
(Male) -Ductus Deferens-Mesoductus Deferens
-Mesorchium (Testicular a./v.)
(Female) -Fold of Peritoneum from Mesometrium (suspends
Uterus) passes into Vaginal Ring

Front 42

CAUDAL EPIGASTRIC A./V.:
-Origin:
-Course:

Back 42

-Artery originates from teh Pudendoepigastric Trunk of the Deep Femoral a.
-Course cranially on the deep face of the caudal part of the Rectus Abdominis m.

Front 43

GREATER OMENTUM:
-Attachments:
-Dorsal: (Superficial Leaf/Deep Leaf)
-Ventral:

Back 43

-Dorsal Attachment:
-S.Leaf attaches Greater Curvature of Stomach to Dorsal
Body wall/ D. Leaf attaches to Dorsal Abdominal Wall
-Ventral Attachment:
-From Greater Curv. of Stomach it extends caudally as the Superficial Leaf over the floor of the Abdomen (Fold Adjacent to ventral Body Wall)
-It turns Dorsally on itself near the Pelvic Inlet and returns as the Deep Leaf (Fold adjacent to Abdominal organs) Dorsal to the Stomach

Front 44

PERITONEUM:
-Location:
-Main Parts:

Back 44

-Lines and reflects around organs of:
-Abdominal,Pelvic & Scrotal Cavities
-Parietal Peritoneum (covers inner surface of cavity walls)
-Visceral Peritoneum (Covers the organs of these cavities)
-Connecting Peritoneum (Double-Layer joins organs to e/o or
to Body Wall)

Front 45

OMENTUM (EPIPLOON):
-Description:

Back 45

-Attaches the Stomach to the Body Wall or other organs.
-It is an extended Mesogastrium

Front 46

CONNECTING PERITONEUM:
-Define:

Back 46

-Double-Layered Portions that Join various Organs to E/O &/or to the Body Wall.
-These have specific names & include those which Contain Vessels (Omenta&"Meso") & those W/O Vessels (Ligs.&Folds)

Front 47

GREATER OMENTUM:
-Part of:
-Envelops:

Back 47

-Dorsal Mesogastrium
-1st Structure seen after reflecting the Abdominal Wall
-Covers the Jejunum&Ileum.
contains the Left Lobe of the Pancreas btw. its Peritoneal Layers
-Outpocketing of the Superficial leaf contains Spleen caudal & to left of Fundus of Stomach

Front 48

LESSER OMENTUM:
-Part of:
-Location/Attachments:
-Envelops:

Back 48

-Ventral Mesogastrium
-Loosely spans the distance from the Lesser Curvature of the Stomach to the Porta of the Liver.
-Btw. Liver & Cardia of Stomach it attaches for a short distance to Diaphragm.
-Papillary Process of Liver is loosely Enveloped by it

Front 49

HEPTODUODENAL LIGAMENT:
-Origin:
-Attachment:
-Contains:

Back 49

-On the right free edge of the Lesser Omentum
-Attaches Liver to Duodenum
-Contains:
-Portal v.
-Hepatic a.
-Bile Duct

Front 50

OMENTAL BURSA:
-Formed By:
-Component:

Back 50

-Omenta&adjacent organs
-As the Stomach forms & rotates to its definitive position in the Embryo, the Mesogastrium grows extensively & forms a double-layered sac that extends caudoventrally beneath many of the abdominal organs- the space w/in the folded Mesogastrium is the Omental Bursa
-Epiploic Foramen

Front 51

EPIPLOIC FORAMEN:
-Found Within/Opens into:
-Lies:
-Boundaries: (Dorsal/Ventral/Caudal/Cranial)

Back 51

-Within Omental Bursa/Opens into the Main Peritoneal Cavity
-Lies dorsally to the right of median plane at the level of the Cranial Duodenal Flexure, Caudomedial to the Caudate Lobe of the Liver
-Dorsal: Caudal Vena Cava
-Ventral: Portal v.
-Caudal: Hepatic a. in the Mesoduodenum
-Cranial: Liver

Front 52

MESODUODENUM:
-Origin/Insertion:
-On Right Side:
-Encloses:
-Cranially:
-Caudally:
-On Left Side: (Attachment/Continuous with)

Back 52

-Dorsal Abdominal Wall & Root of Mesentery/ to Duodenum
-On Right side it passes to the Descending Duodenum
-Encloses Right Lobe of Pancreas btw its layers.
-Cranially continuous w/ Greater Omentum across Ventral
surface of Portal v.
-Caudally it passes from the Root of Mesentery to
Caudal Flexure of Duodenum
-On the Left, attached to Ascending Duodenum
@Duodenojejunal Flexure continuous w/Mesentery of Jejunum

Front 53

DUODENOCOLIC FOLD:
-Location/Attachments:

Back 53

-On Left side of Abdominal Cavity
-Serves as secondary attachment of Ascending Duodenum to Mesocolon of the Descending Colon

Front 54

MESENTERY:
-Attachments:
-Contents:

Back 54

-To Abdominal Wall opposite L2 by short peritoneal attachment (Root of the Mesentery)
-Peripheral Border attaches to Jejunum & Ileum
-At Ileocolic Junction the Mesentery is continuous with the Ascending Mesocolon
-Vessels & Nerves pass in the Mesentery to supply the Large & Small Intestine

Front 55

MESOCOLON:
-Components/Attachments:

Back 55

-Ascending Mesocolon: connects Ascending Colon to Dorsal Body Wall
-Transverse Mesocolon: connects Transverse Colon to Dorsal Body Wall
-Descending Mesocolon: connects Descending Colon to Dorsal Body Wall
-They are continuous w/ e/o from Right to Left

Front 56

RIGHT TRIANGULAR LIG.:
-Attachments:
-Action:

Back 56

-Right Crus of Diaphragm above the Central Tendinous part to the Right Lateral Lobe of the Liver
-Short Peritoneal Fold that serves more to fix organs in position than as channel for blood vessels

Front 57

LEFT TRIANGULAR LIG.:
-Attachments:
-Action:

Back 57

-From Left Crus of Diaphragm to Left Lateral Lobe of the Liver
-Short Peritoneal Fold that serves more to fix organs in position than as channel for blood vessels

Front 58

CORONARY LIG.:
-Location:
-Associated Structures:

Back 58

-Sheet of Peritoneum that passes btw Diaphragm & Liver around the Caudal Vena Cava & Hepatic vv.
-On Right side-Continuous with Right Triangular Lig.
-On Left Side-Continuous with Left Triangular Lig.
-Ventrally- Right & Left parts of Lig. converge to form the Falciform Lig.

Front 59

UMBILICAL VEIN:
-Forms:
-Located:

Back 59

-Round Lig. of Liver
-May be found in Young animal as a Small Fibrous Cord lying in Free Edge of Falciform Lig.
-Enters the Fissure for the Round Lig. of the Liver btw the Quadrate & Left Medial Lobes

Front 60

URINARY BLADDER:
-Quadrant:
-Location:
-Empty:
-Distended:

Back 60

-Quadrant: Left & Right Caudal
-Empty: is contracted & lies on the Floor of the Pelvic Inlet
-Distended: lies on the Floor of the Abdomen & conforms in shape to the Caudal part of the Abdominal Cavity
-It frequently reaches a Transverse Plane thru the Umbilicus

Front 61

UTERUS:
-Quadrant:
-Parts:
-Gravid Characteristics:

Back 61

-Quadrant (Body): Right Caudal
-Cervix,Body,2 Long Horns
-Gravid Uterus lies on floor of Abdomen during 2nd month or last half of pregnancy
-As it enlarges,Middle parts of Horns gravitate Cranially & Ventrally & come to lie Medial to Costal Arches; thus the Uterus bends on itself b/c Ovarian & Vaginal ends move very little during enlargement

Front 62

SPLEEN:
-Location/Quadrant:
-Lateral Surface:
-Caudal Part:
-Cranial Limit:
-It May Reach:

Back 62

-Lies in S.Leaf of G.Omentum in L.Cr.Quad.along the Greater Curvature of the Stomach
-Lat.Surf.:Lies against P.Peritoneum of L.Lat. Ab.Wall& Liver
-Cd.Part: may reach Trans. Plane thru Midlumbar Region
-Cr.Limit: usually marked by a plane passing btw T12&T13.
-It may reach floor of Abdomen
-Attached to the Stomach by the Gastrosplenic Lig. (of Greater Omentum)

Front 63

GASTROSPLENIC LIG.:
-Origin/Attachments:

Back 63

-Party of the Greater Omentum that attaches the Spleen to the Stomach

Front 64

DIAPHRAGM:
-Location
-Action:

Back 64

-The muscular partition btw Thoracic & Abdominal Cavities
-Muscle of Inspiration
-Has extensive Muscular Periphery & small, V-Shaped Tendinous Center
-Muscular part divided into 3 parts according to attachments: Lumbar, Costal, & Sternal

Front 65

LUMBAR PART OF DIAPHRAGM:
-Forms:
-Attachments:

Back 65

-Left & Right Crura
-Attach to Bodies of L3&L4 by strong Tendons
-Right Crus is Larger than Left

Front 66

COSTAL PART OF DIAPHRAGM:
-Location/Attachments:

Back 66

-Arises from the Medial surfaces of the 8th-13th Ribs.
-Interdigitates w/ the Transversus Abdominis m.

Front 67

STERNAL PART OF DIAPHRAGM:
-Location/Attachments:

Back 67

-Arises from the Dorsal Surface of the Sternum Cranial to the Xiphoid Cartilage.

Front 68

CUPULA:
-Location:

Back 68

-The most Cranial extent of the dome-shaped Diaphragm that bulges into the Thorax.

Front 69

TENDINOUS CENTER:
-Shape:
-Location/Attachments:
-What covers it:

Back 69

-small, V-Shaped
-Extensions run Dorsally btw the Lumbar & Costal Parts of each side
-Caudal Mediastinum may be severed to expose the Tendinous part of the muscle

Front 70

AORTIC HIATUS:
-Location:
-Contents:

Back 70

-Dorsal Passageway btw the Crura for the:
-Aorta
-Azygos v.
-Thoracic Duct

Front 71

ESOPHAGEAL HIATUS:
-Location:
-Contents:

Back 71

-More Centrally Located in the Muscular part of the Right Crus & transmits:
-Esophagus
-Vagal Nerve Trunks
-Esophageal Vessels

Front 72

CAVAL FORAMEN:
-Location:
-Passage for:

Back 72

-at the junction of the Tendinous & Muscular Parts of the Right side of the Diaphragm
-Caudal Vena Cava

Front 73

LIVER:
-Parietal Surface Conforms to:
-Visceral Surface Related to on:
-Left:
-Right:
-Ventral:
-Caudal:
-Movement:

Back 73

-Parietal Surface: Conforms to Ab. Surface of the Diaphragm
-Visceral Surface: Related to on:
-Left-to Stomach & sometimes Spleen
-Right-Pancreas, Right Kidney, Duodenum
-Ventrally-G. Omentum & thru this to the Small Intestine
-Caudalmost part covers cranial extremity of the Right
Kidney & reaches a Transverse Plane thru T13.
-Slight Longitudinal movement w/ each Respiration

Front 74

RIGHT MEDIAL LOBE OF LIVER:
-Quadrant:
-Contains:

Back 74

-Right Cranial Quadrant
-Fossa for the Gallbladder

Front 75

RIGHT LATERAL LOBE OF LIVER:
-Quadrant:
-Size:
-Next to:

Back 75

-Right Cranial Quadrant
-Smaller
-Next to Caudate Lobe

Front 76

CAUDATE LOBE OF LIVER:
-Quadrant:
-Extremities:
-Caudate Process:
-Renal Impression:
-Papillary Process:(Seen/Related Structures)

Back 76

-R.Cr.Quad-Cd. to Central mass of Liver,Next to R.Lat.Lobe
- Caudate Process Caps the Cranial End of Right Kidney
-Contains the deep Renal Impression
-Papillary Process: seen thru Lesser Omentum if Liver is tipped forward lying in Lesser Curvature of Stomach
-Constricted in middle where Portal v. enters Ventral to it &
Caudal Vena Cava crosses Dorsal to it.

Front 77

QUADRATE LOBE OF LIVER:
-Quadrant:
-Size/Shape
-Located btw.:
-Forms:

Back 77

-Right & Left Cranial Quadrant
-Narrow
-Located btw Right&Left Medial Lobes
-Forms Left Boundary of the Fossa of the Gallbladder

Front 78

LEFT MEDIAL LOBE OF LIVER:
-Quadrant:
-Separated by:
-What enters thru it:

Back 78

-Left Cranial Quadrant
-A Fissure from the Right Medial & Quadrate Lobes
-Umbilical v. enters thru fissure

Front 79

LEFT LATERAL LOBE OFTHE LIVER:
-Quadrant:
-Separated by:
-Other Characteristic:
-Visceral Surface Relation:

Back 79

-Left Cranial Quadrant
-A Fissure from the Left Medial Lobe
-Free margin is frequently Notched
-Visceral Surface is Concave where it contacts the Stomach

Front 80

BILIARY PASSAGES TO ID:
-Signifigance:

Back 80

-Hepatic Duct
-Gallbladder
-Cystic Duct
-Bile Duct

-No Valves in the Biliary Ducts & Bile may flow in either Direction

Front 81

HEPATIC DUCTS:
-Formed by:
-Location:

Back 81

-The interlobular ducts of each lobe unite to form Hepatic Ducts
-Emerge from each lobe
-Arrangement is Variable

Front 82

GALLBLADDER:
-Quadrant:
-Located In/Btw.:
-Full GB Extends:
-Neck is Continued As:

Back 82

-Mostly Right Cranial Quadrant (Small part in Left Cranial)
-In a Fossa btw the Quadrate & Right Medial Lobes of the Liver
-Full GB extends thru the Liver & Contacts the Diaphragm.
-The neck of the GB is continued as the Cystic Duct

Front 83

CYSTIC DUCT:
-Location:

Back 83

-The continuation of the Neck of the Gallbladder

Front 84

BILE DUCT:
-Formed By:
-Course:

Back 84

-Main Duct formed by the union of the Hepatic Ducts & Cystic Duct from the Gallbladder
-Courses thru the wall of the Descending Duodenum & terminates on the Major Duodenal Papilla alongside the Pancreatic Duct.

Front 85

CARDIAC PART OF STOMACH:
-Quadrant:
-Size/Location:

Back 85

-Left Cranial Quadrant
-Smallest part situated nearst the Esophagus

Front 86

FUNDUS:
-Quadrant:
-Shape:
-Location Relative to Cardia:

Back 86

-Left Cranial Quadrant
-Dome-Shaped
-Lies to the Left of & Dorsal to the Cardia

Front 87

BODY OF STOMACH:
-Quadrant:
-Size/Location:
-Extends From/To:
-Joins:

Back 87

-Mostly Left Cranial Quad (Some of Right Cranial)
-Large Middle Portion
-Extends from Fundus on Left to Pyloric Part on Right
-Joins Pyloric part at Angular Incisure (relatively sharp bend on Lesser Curvature)

Front 88

PYLORIC PART OF STOMACH:
-Quadrant:
-Location Relative to Rest of Stomach:
-Parts:

Back 88

-Right Cranial Quadrant
-Distal 1/3rd of Stomach as measured along Lesser Curvature.
-Initial Thin-walled portion is Pyloric Antrum, which narrows to a Pyloric Canal before joining Duodenum at Pylorus(Sphincter)

Front 89

STOMACH:
-Faces:
-Greater Curvature:
-Lesser Curvature:
-Parietal Surface:
-Visceral Surface:

Back 89

-G.Curv: Mainly to Left Ventrally, & Caudally above & to the Left of the mass of the small intestine
-L.Curv.: Mainly to Rt. & Craniodorsally; strongly curved around the Papillary Process of the Liver
-Parietal Surface: Faces Cranioventrally toward the Liver
-Visceral Surface: Caudodorsally toward Intestinal mass

Front 90

EMPTY STOMACH:
-Hidden By:
-Rel.to Median&Cranial to:
-Shape:
-G./L. Curvature:
-Caudodorsal to it:

Back 90

-Liver & Diaphragm Cranioventrally;Intestinal Mass Caudally
-Lies to Left of Median Plane&Cranial to the Costal Arch
-Sharply Curved, so that it is more V-Shaped than C-Shaped
-Greater Curvature: faces ventrally, caudally, & to Left; lies above and to the Left of the mass of the Small Intestine
-Lesser Curvature: Strongly Curved around the Papillary Process of the Liver and Faces Craniodorsally & to Right
-Left Lobe of Pancreas&Trans. Colon

Front 91

FULL STOMACH:
-Lies in contact with:
-Contains:

Back 91

-Lies in contact with the Ventral Abdominal Wall & Protrudes beyond the Costal Arches.
-Longitudinal folds of mucosa (the Rugae)

Front 92

DUODENUM:
-Description:
-Suspended by:
-What must be reflected to expose it:

Back 92

-Most Fixed part of SI
-Suspended by Mesoduodenum
-Reflect Greater Omentum Cranially & Jejunum to either side to expose it

Front 93

DUODENUM PARTS TO ID:
-Quadrants:

Back 93

-Cranial Duodenal Flexure (R.Cr.)
-Descending Part (R. Cr.&Cd.)
-Caudal Duodenal Flexure (R.Cd.)
-Ascending Part (L.Cr mostly)
-Duodenojejunal Flexure

Front 94

DUODENUM:
-Begins at:
-Course:
-Contacting Structures:

Back 94

-Pylorus (Right of Median Plane)
-After short DorsoCr. course, turns as Cr. Duodenal Flexure
-Continues Cd. on Rt.as Descending Part (in contact w/
Parietal peritoneum)
-Further Cd. it turns, forming the Caudal Duodenal Flexure
-Continues Cr. as Ascending Part, which lies to Left of Root of Mesentery, where it forms Duodenojejunal Flexure

Front 95

JEJUNUM:
-Forms:
-Begins:
-Courses:
-Attachments:
-Receives Nutrition From:

Back 95

-Coils of SI; in Ventrocaudal part of Abdominal Cavity
-Begins Left of Root of Mesentery & is longest portion of SI
-Courses from Duodenojejunal Flexure on Left to its Termination at Ileum on Right side of Abdomen.
-Attached (w/ Ileum) to Dorsal Body Wall via Root of Mesentery (Mesenteric lnn. lie along vessels in mesentery)
-From Cranial Mesenteric a. (w/in Root of Mesentery)

Front 96

ILEUM:
-Quadrant:
-Course/Surrounding Structures:
-What approximates length:

Back 96

-Right Caudal Quadrant
-Terminal Portion of SI
-Short & passes Cranially on Rt. side of Root of Mesentery &
Joins Ascending Colon at Ileocolic Orfice
-Vessel that courses on Antimesenteric Side of Ileum from
Cecum toward Jejunum (10cm)

Front 97

ILEOCOLIC ORIFICE:
-Quadrant:
-Location:
-Surrounded by:

Back 97

-Right Cranial Quadrant
-Where the Ileum Joins the Ascending Colon
-Narrow Orifice surrounded by a sphincter.
-No clear demarcation btw Jejunum & Ileum

Front 98

CECUM:
-Quadrant/Part of:
-Shape/Location:
-Ventral to:
-Dorsal to:
-Medial to:
-Communicates With:

Back 98

-Right Cranial Quadrant/Large Intestine
-Blind S-Shape Tube at Junction of Ileum and Colon.
-Ventral to:Caudal Extremity of Right Kidney
-Dorsal to: Small Intestines
-Medial to: Descending Part of Duodenum
-Ascending Colon at Cecocolic Orifice.

Front 99

COLON:
-Quadrant:
-Suspended by:
-Divided Into:
-Bends:
-Continued By:

Back 99

-Right Cranial Quadrant (Dorsally)
-Susp. by a Mesocolon
-Ascending Colon
-Transverse Colon
-Descending Colon
-Right/Left Colic Flexures
-Rectum

Front 100

ASCENDING COLON:
-Quadrant:
-Length:
-Location:

Back 100

-Right Cranial Quadrant
-Short
-Lies on the Right of the Root of the Mesentery

Front 101

TRANSVERSE COLON:
-Quadrant:
-Location:

Back 101

-Mainly Right Cranial Quadrant (Some in Left Cranial)
-Lies Cranial to the Root of the Mesentery

Front 102

DESCENDING COLON:
-Quadrant:
-Origin:
-Terminates:

Back 102

-Left & Right Caudal Quadrant
-Lies at its beginning on the Left of the Root of the Mesentary
-Terminates at a Trans. Plane thru the Pelvic Inlet
-Continued by the Rectum

Front 103

RIGHT COLIC FLEXURE:
-Location:

Back 103

-Bend btw. Ascending & Transverse Colons

Front 104

LEFT COLIC FLEXURE:
-Location:

Back 104

-Bend btw. Transverse & Descending Colon

Front 105

BODY OF PANCREAS:
-Quadrant:
-Location:

Back 105

-Right Cranial Quadrant
-Lies at Pylorus

Front 106

RIGHT LOBE OF PANCREAS:
-Quadrant:
-Location:
-Dorsomedial to:
-Ventral to:

Back 106

-Right Cranial Quadrant
-Lies dorsomedial to the Descending Part of the Duodenum (Enclosed by Mesoduodenum)
-Ventral to Right Kidney

Front 107

LEFT LOBE OF PANCREAS:
-Quadrant:
-Lies Btw:
-Caudal to:
-Cranial to:

Back 107

-Left Cranial Quadrant
-Lies btw. the Peritoneal Layers that form the Deep Leaf of the Greater Omentum
-Caudal to: Stomach&Liver
-Cranial to: Transverse Colon

Front 108

PANCREATIC DUCT:
-Size:
-Opens:
-Action:

Back 108

-Smaller of the 2 ducts & sometimes absent
-Opens Close to Bile Duct on the Major Duodenal Papilla (Seen by incision thru free border of Descending Part of Duodenum/ on Side where Mesoduodenum attaches)
-Communicates with Accessory Pancreatic Duct in the gland

Front 109

ACCESSORY PANCREATIC DUCT:
-Size:
-Opens:
-How to Locate it:

Back 109

-Larger
-Opens into the Duodenum on the Minor Duodenal Papilla 2 or 3 cm Caudal to the Major Duodenal Papilla.
-By dissection in the Mesoduodenum btw the Right Lobe of the Pancreas and the Descending Duodenum

Front 110

ADRENAL GLANDS:
-Color:
-External/Cortex/Medulla:
-Location relative to Kidney:
-Crossed Ventrally by:
-Which leaves what:

Back 110

-Light Colored External/Lighter-Colored Cortex/Darker Medulla
-Cranial Aspect of each Kidney
-Crossed Ventrally by the Common trunk of the Caudal Phrenic & Cranial Abdominal veins
-Which leave a deep Groove on its Ventral Surface

Front 111

RIGHT ADRENAL GLAND:
-Lies Btw:
-Ventrally:
-Dorsally
-How to Expose it:

Back 111

-Lies Btw:
-Ventrally: Caudal Vena Cava & Caudate Lobe of the Liver
-Dorsally: Sublumbar mm.
-By dissection btw. the Caudal Vena Cava & the Kidney Cranial to the Renal v.

Front 112

LEFT ADRENAL GLAND:
-Lies Btw.:

Back 112

-Aorta & Left Kidney

Front 113

KIDNEYS:
-Color:
-Partly Surrounded By:
-Covered by:
-So they are considered:
-Shape:
-Lateral Border:
-Medial Border:
-Characteristic Component of Medial Border:

Back 113

-Dark Brown
-Partly surrounded by Fat
-Covered only on Ventral Surface by Peritoneum
-Retroperitoneal Organs
-Lateral Border: Strongly Convex
-Medial Border: Nearly Straight
-Middle of Medial Border is an Indention, the Hilus of the Kidney

Front 114

HILUS OF KIDNEY:
-Location:
-Signifigance:

Back 114

-Indention at the Middle of the Medial Border of the Kidney
-Where the Renal vessels & nerves and the Ureter Communicate w/ the organ

Front 115

RIGHT KIDNEY:
-Quadrant/Opposite:
-Relative to Left Kidney:
-Extensively Related to:
-Covered by:
-Also related to:
-Found on Medial Border:

Back 115

-Right Cranial Quadrant/Opposite L1-L3
-Further Cranial by length of 1/2 a Kidney
-extensively related to Liver
-Cranial 1/3rd covered by Caudate Process
-Descending Duodenum
-Right Lobe of Pancreas
-Cecum / Ascending Colon
-Caudal Vena Cava on Medial Border

Front 116

LEFT KIDNEY:
-Location:
-Related to:
-Ventrally:
-Cranial Extremity:
-Medial Border is close to:

Back 116

-Lies opposite L2-L4
-Related Ventrally to:
-Descending Colon
-Small Intestine
-Cranial Extremity related to:
-Spleen
-Aorta

Front 117

URETER:
-Parts:
-Course:
-Opens into:
-Enveloped by:

Back 117

-Renal Pelvis
-Caudally in the Sublumbar Region
-Opens into the Dorsal part of the Neck of the Urinary Bladder
-Enveloped by a fold of Peritoneum from Dorsal Body Wall

Front 118

RENAL SINUS:
-Location:
-Contains:
-Surrounds:

Back 118

-Fat-Filled Space entering Kidney
-Renal Vessels
-Renal Pelvis

Front 119

RENAL PELVIS:
-Description:
-Surrounded by:

Back 119

-Expanded part of the Ureter within the Kidney
-Renal Sinus

Front 120

RENAL CORTEX:
-Appearance:
-Location:
-Contains:

Back 120

-Granular
-Peripheral portion of the Renal Parenchuma
-Contains Primarily:
-Renal Corpuscles
-Convoluted portions of the Tubules

Front 121

RENAL MEDULLA:
-Appearance:
-Location:
-Contains:

Back 121

-Striated
-More Centrally positioned Parenchyma
-Numerous Collecting Ducts

Front 122

ARCUATE BRANCHES OF RENAL VESSELS:
-Location:

Back 122

-Apparent at the Corticomedullary Junction within the Kidney

Front 123

RENAL CREST:
-Location:
-Signifigance:

Back 123

-Longitudinal Ridge projecting into the Renal Pelvis
-Collecting Tubules of the Kidney Excrete Urine into the Renal Pelvis thru this

Front 124

RENAL PYRAMIDS:
-Formed by:

Back 124

-Formed by the Medulla of the Kidney

Front 125

PELVIC RECESSES:
-Location:

Back 125

-Of the Renal Pelvis
-Project Outward btw. the Renal Pyramids

Front 126

OVARIES:
-Quadrants:
-Relative to Kidneys:
-Relative to Eachother:
-Dorsal to:
-Left Ovary is btw:
-Enclosed in:

Back 126

-Left/Right Quad. Near Caudal pole of Kidneys
-RT. Ovary Cranial to LEFT &is Dorsal to Des. Duodenum
-LT. Ovary btw Descending Colon & the Abdominal Wall
-Ovarian Bursa

Front 127

OVARIAN BURSA:
-Description:
-Formed by:
-Open to:

Back 127

-Thin-Walled Peritoneal sac enclosing each Ovary
-Mesovarium&Mesosalpinx
-Open to Peritoneal Cavity by means of slitlike orifice on the Medial Surface

Front 128

UTERINE TUBE:
-Location:
-Course:
-Parts:

Back 128

-Small cordlike thickening within the wall of the Ovarian Bursa
-Courses Cranially & then Caudally thru the Lateral Wall of the Bursa on its way to the Uterine Horn
-Infundibulum

Front 129

INFUNDIBULUM:
-Part of:
-Location:
-Function:

Back 129

-Dilated Ovarian end of the Uterine Tube
-Fimbriated margin functions to engulf the ova after ovulation
-Several Fimbriae protrude into the Peritoneal Cavity from the opening of the Ovarian Bursa
-In life these function to close the opening into the Peritoneal Cavity at the time of ovulation & thus prevent transperitoneal migration of ova.

Front 130

ABDOMINAL OSTIUM:
-Location:
-Function:

Back 130

-Entrance of the Infundibulum into the Uterine Tube
-Fertilization takes place here

Front 131

TUBOUTERINE JUNCTION:
-Location:
-Function:

Back 131

-Place where the short, slender Uterine Tube opens into the much wider Uterine horn
-Sperm and Ova are regulated in their transit here

Front 132

BROAD LIGAMENTS OF UTERUS:
-Location:
-Suspend:
-Parts:

Back 132

-Peritoneal folds on each side of the Uterus that attach to the Sublumbar Region
-Suspend all the Internal Genitalia except the Caudal part of the Vagina, which is not covered by Peritoneum
-Mesometrium
-Mesovarium
-Mesosalpinx

Front 133

MESOMETRIUM:
-Origins:
-Attachments:

Back 133

-Arises from:
-Lateral Wall of Pelvis &
-Lateral Part of Sublumbar
Region
-Attaches to:
-Lateral Part of the Cranial
End of:
-Vagina
-Uterine Cervix
-Uterine Body
-Corresponding Uterine Horn

Front 134

MESOVARIUM:
-Continuation of:
-Which part of Broad Lig.:
-Origin:
-Attachments:

Back 134

-Mesometrium
-Cranial Part of Broad Lig.
-Begins at a Transverse Plane thru the Cranial End of the Uterine Horn
-Attaches Ovary & Ligs. assoc. w/ Ovary to the Lateral Part of the Sublumbar Region

Front 135

MESOSALPINX:
-Attaches:
-Forms:

Back 135

-Peritoneum that attaches the Uterine Tube to the Mesovarium
-W/ the Mesovarium forms the Wall of the Ovarian Bursa

Front 136

SUSPENSORY LIG. OF OVARY:
-Joins/Attaches:
-Function:

Back 136

-Joins the Transversalis Fascia Medial to the Dorsal end of the Last Rib & attaches to the Body Wall
-Holds the Ovary in a relatively fixed position

Front 137

PROPER LIG. OF OVARY:
-Attaches:

Back 137

-Short; attaches Ovary to Cranial end of Uterine Horn

Front 138

ROUND LIG. OF UTERUS:
-Origin:
-Courses:
-Wrapped by:
-Homologue of:
-Function:

Back 138

-Fold from Lat. Layer of Mesometrium Caudolat. from point where Proper Lig. of Ovary attaches Ovary to Cr. end of Uterine Horn to Inguinal Canal that contains Round Lig. of Uterus in its free border.
-Passes thru Inguinal Canal
-Wrapped by Vaginal Process & Adipose Tissue
-Gubernaculum--No Function in adult

Front 139

MAIN NERVES OF THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA TO ID:

Back 139

-Vagal nn.
-Sympathetic Trunk
-Splanchnic nn.
-Abdominal Nerve Plexuses&Ganglia

Front 140

VAGAL NERVES OF ABDOMINAL VISCERA TO ID:

Back 140

-Vagus n.
-Dorsal Branch
-Ventral Branch
-Dorsal Vagal Trunk
-Celiac Branch
-Ventral Vagal Trunk

Front 141

VAGUS NERVE:
-Aka:
-Carries
-What kinds/%:
-Where they Divide:

Back 141

-10th Cranial n.
-Carries both Sensory & Motor Fibers From & To the Viscera
-20% Visceral Motor (Preganglionic Parasympathetic Efferent Fibers)
-80% Visceral Sensory (Afferent from all of the Thoracic & most Abdominal organs)
-Divide Caudal to Root of the Lung into Dorsal & Ventral Branches

Front 142

DORSAL BRANCHES OF VAGUS NN.:
-Location:
-Unite where to form:
-Innervate:

Back 142

-Dorsal continuance of Vagus nn. after they divide Caudal to the Root of the Lung
-Unite near the Diaphragm to form the Dorsal Vagal Trunk
-Esophagus

Front 143

VENTRAL BRANCHES OF VAGUS NN.:
-Location:
-Unite where to form:
-Innervate:

Back 143

-Ventral continuance of Vagus nn. after they divide Caudal to the Root of the Lung
-Unite Caudal to the Root of the Lung to form the Ventral Vagal Trunk
-Esophagus

Front 144

DORSAL VAGAL TRUNK:
-Location Rel. to Esophagus:
-Passes Thru:
-Courses:
-How can it be observed:
-Branches Innervate:
-Gives Off:

Back 144

-Lies on Dorsal Surface of Terminal part of the Esophagus
-Esophagus
-Thru Esophageal Hiatus of the Diaphragm
-Course along Lesser Curvature of Stomach
-Transect the Left Crus of the Diaphragm at the Esophageal Hiatus
-Esophagus
-Visceral Surface of Stomach
-Pylorus
-Celiac Branch

Front 145

VENTRAL VAGAL TRUNK:
-Location Rel. to Esophagus:
-Passes Thru:
-Courses:
-How can it be observed:
-Branches Innervate:

Back 145

-Lies on Ventral Surface of Terminal part of the Esophagus
-Thru Esophageal Hiatus of the Diaphragm
-Courses along Lesser Curvature of Stomach
-Transect the Left Crus of the Diaphragm at the Esophageal Hiatus
-Esophagus
-Liver
-Parietal Surface of Stomach
-Pylorus

Front 146

CELIAC BRANCH OF DORSAL VAGAL TRUNK:
-Course:
-Forms:

Back 146

-Passes Dorsocaudally
-Contrubutes to formation of the Celiac & Cranial Mesenteric Plexuses

Front 147

PLEXUSES:
-Location/Naming:
-Parasympathetic Axons follow:
-Parasympathetic Preganglionic Axons will synapses with:
-Also Contain:
-Associated w/ Many are:
-Contain:
-Destined to Innervate:

Back 147

-Nerve networks lying on, around, and passing along Abdominal Vessels for which they are named
-PS follow: Terminal Branching of respective BV to Intestines at least as far Caudal as Left Colic Flexure
-Synapse w/2nd Neuron w/in wall of organ where they end
-Sympathetic Visceral Efferent Processes & Numerous Visceral Afferent Processes
-Abdominal Sympathetic Ganglia
-Cellbodies of Sympathetic PostG. Axons
-Synapses w/ PreG. Sympathetic Neurons
-Destined to Innervate the Abdominal Viscera

Front 148

SYMPATHETIC TRUNK:
-Parts:
-Where & Why is there a Narrowing:
-Where & Why does it widen again:

Back 148

-Thoracic & Lumbar parts as it passes along vertebral bodies
--Narrowing of the Trunk Caudal to the Major Splanchnic n.
-B/c most of the Preganglionic Axons at levels T10-T13 pass into the Major Splanchnic n. rather than into the Lumbar region of the Trunk
-Widens again as Lumbar Rami Communicantes & Splanchnic Components enter it

Front 149

SPLANCHNIC NN. TO ID:
-Contain:
-Run Btw.:
-Also Contain:
-Coursing:

Back 149

-Major Splanchnic n.
-Minor Splanchnic nn.
-Lumbar Splanchnic nn.
-Sympathetic Neurons
-Run btw. Sympathetic Trunk & Abdominal Autonomic Ganglia
-Also Contain: Visceral Afferents
-Coursing to the Spinal Cord

Front 150

MAJOR SPLANCHNIC N.:
-Origin:
-Course relative to surrounding structures:

Back 150

-Leaves Sympathetic Trunk at the level of T12 or T13 Sympathetic Ganglion
-Passes Dorsal to Crus of the Diaphragm
-Enters Abdominal Cavity
-Courses to Adrenal & Celiacomesenteric Ganglia & Plexuses

Front 151

MINOR SPLANCHNIC NN.:
-General amt.:
-Origin:
-Supply Nerves to:
-Terminate in:

Back 151

-2
-Usually leave T13 & L1 Sympathetic Ganglia
-Supply Nerves to:
-Adrenal Gland
-Ganglion
-Plexus
-Terminate in Celiacomesenteric Ganglia & Plexus

Front 152

LUMBAR SPLANCHNIC NN.:
-Origin:
-Distributed to:

Back 152

-Arise from L2-L5 Sympathetic Ganglia
-Distributed to:
-Aorticorenal
-Cranial Mesenteric
-Caudal Mesenteric Ganglia & Plexuses

Front 153

ABDOMINAL NERVE PLEXUSES & GANGLIA:
-Components:
-Supply:
-What are in close assoc w/ the Plexuses:
-What must synaps here:
-Where do axons that dont synapse here synapse:

Back 153

-Branches of Vagus & Splanchnic Sympathetic nn. intermingling around Major Abdominal aa.
-Musculature of Artery,Arterioles,Viscera
-Sympathetic Ganglia
-Collections of Cell Bodies of Postganglionic Axons
-PreG axons of Sympathetic Splanchnic nn. mus Synapse in one of these Ganglia
-PreG. Vagal Axons (PS) do NOT Synapse here but pass thru Ganglia & Plexuses to Wall of Organ Innervated, where Synapse on a Cell Body of a PostG Axon

Front 154

CELIAC GANGLIA:
-Location:

Back 154

-Lie on Right & Left surfaces of the Celiac a. Close to its Origin

Front 155

CRANIAL MESENTERIC GANGLION:
-Location relative to Celiac Ganglion:
-Location relative to Cranial Mesenteric a.:
-Most of its Nerves continue where/as:

Back 155

-Caudal to Celiac Ganglion on the
-Sides & Caudal Surface of the Cranial Mesenteric a., Which it partly Encircles.
-Continue Distally on the Cranial Mesenteric a. as the Cranial Mesenteric Plexus

Front 156

CELIACOMESENTERIC GANGLION & PLEXUS:
-Definition/Location:

Back 156

-B/c of the close relationship of the Celiac & Cranial Mesenteric Plexuses & Ganglia they are often referred to as Celiacomesenteric Ganglion & Plexus

Front 157

CAUDAL MESENTERIC GANGLION:
-Located:
-Ventral to:
-Around:
-Enter on each side:
-Branches may also come from:
-Some Nerves leaving the Ganglion continue:

Back 157

-Aorta
-Caudal Mesenteric a. (unpaired branch of Aorta Caudal to the Kidneys that supplies a portion of the Colon)
-Lumbar Splanchnic nn.
-Aortic & Celiacomesenteric Plexuses
-Along the a. as the Caudal Mesenteric Plexus

Front 158

RIGHT & LEFT HYPOGASTRIC NN.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Run in the:
-Incline:
-Enter:
-Terminate at:

Back 158

-Leave Caudal Mesenteric Ganglion
-Course Caudally near the Ureters
-Run in Mesocolon
-Incline Laterally
-Enter Pelvic Canal
-Connect w/ Pelvic Plexuses

Front 159

MAJOR BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA TO ID:

Back 159

-Lumbar aa.
-Celiac a.
-Cranial Mesenteric a.
-Common Trunk (Phrenicoabdominal a.)
-Renal aa.
-Testicular & Ovarian aa.
-Caudal Mesenteric a.
-Deep Circumflex Iliac aa.

Front 160

LUMBAR AA.:
-Origin:
-Terminate:
-Branch passes thru&into:
-Penetrated
-Anastomose with:
-Supply:
-Other Branch Supplies:

Back 160

-Paired; Extend Dorsally from Dorsal Surface of Aorta
-Terminate in a Spinal & Dorsal Branch
-Spinal Brs. pass thru Intervert. Foramina into Vert. Canal
-Penetrate Dura & Arachnoid that surround Spinal Cord
-Ana. w/ Ventral Spinal a. that is w/in Vert. Canal
-Supply part of Spinal Cord
-Dorsal Brs. supply muscles & skin above Lumbar Vert.

Front 161

CELIAC A.:
-Major Branches to ID:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Covered by:

Back 161

-Hepatic a.
-Left Gastric a.
-Splenic a.

-Short; arises from the Aorta btw the Crura of the Diaphragm
-Courses thru the Mesentery
-Covered by Celiac Plexus

Front 162

HEPATIC A.:
-Origin:
-Courses:
-Passes in what to the:
-Dorsal to:
-Btw:
-Terminates as:
-Where

Back 162

-1st Branch to leave Celiac a.
-Cr. in Cr. Border of the Mesoduodenum (which is Caudal Boundary of Epiploic Foramen)
-Passes to Liver in Hepatoduodenal Lig.
-Dorsal to Pylorus
-Btw. Lesser Curvature of Stomach & Liver
-Brs. to Liver, terminates as Rt. Gastric & Gastroduodenal aa.
-In Lesser Omentum

Front 163

HEPATIC BRANCHES OF HEPATIC A.:
-Origin:
-Supply:
-Covered w/:
-Closely assoc. w/:
-Continues as:

Back 163

-1-5 Hepatic Branches leave Hepatic a.
-Enter the Liver
-Covered w/ Nerves
-Closely assoc w/ Hepatic lnn.
-Cystic a.

Front 164

CYSTIC A.:
-Origin:
-Supplies:

Back 164

-Leaves last Hepatic Branch of Hepatic a.
-Supplies Gallbladder

Front 165

RIGHT GASTRIC A.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Supplies:
-Anastomoses w/:

Back 165

-Leaves Hepatic a. btw. Hepatic Branches & Gastroduodenal Branch
-Extends from Pylorus toward the Cardia
-Supplies Lesser Curvature of the Stomach
-Anastomoses w/ Left Gastric a.

Front 166

GASTRODUODENAL A.:
-Origin:
-Supplies:
-Terminates as:
-Where:

Back 166

-Continuation of Hepatic a. after Right Gastric a.
-Supplies Pylorus
-Terminates as:
-Right Gastroepiploic a.
-Cranial
Pancreaticoduodenal a.
-Occurs at Junction of:
-Greater Omentum &
-Mesoduodenum

Front 167

RIGHT GASTROEPIPLOIC A.:
-Origin:
-Courses in/along:
-Supplies:
-Anastomoses w/:

Back 167

-Cranial Branch of Gastroduodenal a.
-Enters & Runs in the Greater Omentum along the Greater Curvature of the Stomach
-Supplies:
-Stomach
-Greater Omentum
-Anastomoses w/ Left Gastroepiploic a. (a branch of the Splenic a.)

Front 168

CRANIAL PANCREATICODUODENAL A.:
-Origin:
-Courses:
-Supplies:
-Anastomoses w/:

Back 168

-Caudal Branch of Gastroduodenal a.
-Follows the Mesenteric Border of the Descending Duodenum
-Supplies:
-Duodenum
-Adjacent Right Lobe of Pancreas
-Anastomoses w/ the Caudal Pancreaticoduodenal a. (a branch of the Cranial Mesenteric a.)

Front 169

LEFT GASTRIC A.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-Supplies:
-Branches:
-Extends towards:
-Anastomoses w/:

Back 169

-1st Cranial Branch of Celiac. a. almost perpendicular to Splenic a. leaving Caudally
-Runs in Greater Omentum to Lesser Curvature of the Stomach near the Cardia
-Supplies both surfaces of the Stomach
-One or more Esophageal Rami pass Cranially on the Esophagus
-Extends toward the Pylorus where it anastomoses w/ the Right Gastric a.

Front 170

SPLENIC A.:
-Origin:
-Course/Related Structures:
-Divides into:
-Enter at:
-Dorsal Branch:
-Gives rise to:
-Continues as:
-Ventral Branch:
-Supplies:

Back 170

-1st Branch (Caudal) off of the Celiac a.
-Xs Dorsal Lt. Lobe of Pancreas in Deep Leaf of G. Omentum
-Divides into Dorsal & Ventral Splenic brs. that enter Hilus of
Spleen on its Visceral Surface.
-sev. aa. that enter Dorsal end of Spleen&Short Gastric aa.
-Continues asLeft Gastroepiploic a.
-Rest of Spleen by numerous brs. that enter at Hilus

Front 171

SHORT GASTRIC AA.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-In:
-To:
-On: which side:

Back 171

-Branches of the Dorsal Splenic br..
-Course in the Gastrosplenic Ligament
-To the Greater Curvature of the Stomach on the Left Side

Front 172

LEFT GASTROEPIPLOIC A.:
-Origin:
-On:
-Anastomoses w/:
-Where:

Back 172

-Retro-Transverse continuation of the Dorsal Splenic br.
-On the Greater Curvature of the Stomach
-Anastomoses w/ Right Gastroepiploic a. (Branch of Hepatic a.)
-At the Pyloric end of the Stomach

Front 173

CRANIAL MESENTERIC A.:
-Origin:
-Courses:
-Surrounded by:
-Structures Relative to it:

Back 173

-Leaves the Aorta Caudal to the Celiac. a
-Courses Caudally to Illeum to Right of Median Axis
-Surrounded proximally by the Cranial Mesenteric Plexus & partly by the Cranial Mesenteric Ganglion
-Peripheral to the Ganglion are the Mesenteric lnn. & Branches of the Portal v.

Front 174

BRANCHES OF CRANIAL MESENTERIC A. TO ID:

Back 174

-Common Trunk
-Middle colic a.
-Right colic a.
-Ileocolic a.
-Colic br.
-Mesenteric ileal br.
-Cecal a.
-Antimesenteric ileal br.
-Caudal pancreaticoduodenal a.
-Jejunal aa.
-Ileal aa.

Front 175

MIDDLE COLIC A.:
-Origin:
-Course:
-In:
-To:
-Bifuricates where:
-One br. runs where/in:
-Supplies:
-Anastomoses w/:
-Other br. passes to:
-Supplies:

Back 175

-1st Branch of Common Trunk
-Runs Cranially in Mesocolon TO Mesenteric Border of Left
Colic Flexure & Descending Colon
-Bifuricates near Left Colic Flexure
-1 br. runs Dist. in Descending Mesocolon&Supplies D.Colon
-Anastomoses w/ Left Colic a.
-Other br.passes to RT.& forms Arcade w/smaller Rt Colic a.
-Supplies Transverse Colon

Front 176

RIGHT COLIC A.:
-Origin:
-Runs:
-In:
-Toward:
-Gives off brs. to:
-Forms Arcades w/:

Back 176

-2nd br. off Common Trunk (Cranially)
-Runs in: Right Mesocolon
-Toward:Right Colic flexure
-Gives of brs. to:
-Distal part of Ascending
Colon &
-Adjacent Transverse Colon
-Forms Arcades w/:
-Middle Colic a.
-Colic br. of Ileocolic a.

Front 177

ILEOCOLIC A.:
-Origin:
-Supplies:
-Closely assoc w/:
-Branches to ID:

Back 177

-Continuation of Common Trunk after Right Colic a.
-Supples:
-Ileum
-Cecum
-Ascending Colon
-Closely assoc w/: Right Colic ln.
-Colic br.
-Cecal a.
-Mesenteric ileal br.

Front 178

COLIC BRANCH:
-Origin:
-Supplies:

Back 178

-1st br. Cranially from Ileocolic a.
-Supplies: Ascending Colon

Front 179

CECAL A.:
-Origin:
-Crosses:
-Supplies/Branches:

Back 179

-2nd br. Dorsocranially from Illeocolic a. btw. Colic br. & Mesenteric ileal br.
-Crosses: the Dorsal surface of the Ileocolic Junction
-Supplies:
-Cecum
-Antimesenteric side of Ileum with Antimesenteric Ileal br.

Front 180

MESENTERIC ILEAL BRANCH:
-Origin:
-Anastomose w/:

Back 180

-Caudoventral continuation of Ileocolic a.
-Anastomose w/: Ileal aa. of the Cranial mesenteric a.

Front 181

CAUDAL PANCREATICODUODENAL A:
-Origin:
-Runs:
-In:
-To
-Near:
-Supplies:
-Anastomoses w/:

Back 181

-Arises from Cranial mesenteric a. just Distal to Common Trunk for the Colon
-Runs To the Right
-In: the Mesoduodenum
-To: Descending Duodenum
-Near: Caudal Flexure
-Supplies:
-Descending Duodenum
-Right Lobe of Pancreas
-Anastomoses w/: Cranial Pancreaticoduodenal a.

Front 182

JEJUNAL AA.:
-Origin:
-Form Arcades:
-In:
-Close to:

Back 182

-Arise from the Caudal Side of the Cranial mesenteric a.
-Form Arcades:
-In: Mesentery
-Close to: the Jejunum

Front 183

ILEAL AA.:
-Origin:
-Last of which anastomoses w/:

Back 183

-Termination of Cranial mesenteric a.
-Last of which anastomoses w/: a br. of the Ileocolic a.

Front 184

COMMON TRUNK OF CAUDAL PHRENIC & CRANIAL ABDOMINAL AA.:
-Origin:
-Crosses/Related Structures:

Back 184

-Paired; arises from Aorta btw. Cranial mesenteric & Renal aa.
-Crosses the Ventral surface of Psoas mm. Dorsal to the Adrenal Gland

Front 185

CAUDAL PHRENIC A.:
-Origin:
-Runs:
-Supplies:

Back 185

-Cranial br. off Common Trunk
-Runs: Cranially
-Supplies:
-Diaphragm
-Possibly Adrenal Gland

Front 186

CRANIAL ABDOMINAL A.:
-Origin:
-Continues:
-Ramifies btw:

Back 186

-Caudal br. off Common Trunk
-Continues: into the Abdominal Wall
-Ramifies btw:
-Transversus abdominis m
-Internal Abdominal oblique m.

Front 187

RENAL AA.:
-Origin:
-Right relative to Left:
-In conformity w/:
-Lies Dorsal to:

Back 187

-Leave Aorta at different levels
-Right one arises Cranial to Left
-In convormity w/: the more Cranial Position of the Right Kidney
-Longer than the left & lies Dorsal to the: Caudal Vena Cava

Front 188

OVARIAN A.:
-Homologous to:
-Origin:
-Rel. to Renal & External Iliac aa.:
-Divides into:
-In:
-Where:
-Branches supply:
-Which Branch anastomoses:

Back 188

-Homologous to: Testicular a. (Male)
-Paired; arises from Aorta about halfway btw Renal & External iliac aa.
-Divides into: 2 or more brs.
-In: Mesovarium just Medial to the Ovaries
-Brs. Supply:-Ovary,Ovarian Bursa,Uterine Tube/Horn
-Br. to Uterine Horn Anastomoses w/: Uterine a.

Front 189

TESTICULAR A.:
-Origin:
-Crosses:
-Lie along with:
-In:
-Courses in:

Back 189

-Leaves Aorta in Midlumbar Region
-Crosses Ventral Surface of Ureter
-Lies along w/: Testicular vein & nerve plexus
-In: Mesorchium (Peritoneal fold that can be followed to level of Vaginal Ring)
-Courses in Spermatic Cord

Front 190

RIGHT TESTICULAR & OVARIAN VV.:
-Enter:
-Near:

Back 190

-Enter: Caudal Vena Cava
-Near: Origin of Artery from Aorta

Front 191

LEFT TESTICULAR & OVARIAN VV.:
-Enter:

Back 191

-Left Renal v. (usually)
This is important surgically!!!

Front 192

CAUDAL MESENTERIC A.:
-Origin:
-Enters:
-Runs:
-Terminates in:

Back 192

-Unpaired; arises near Termination of Aorta
-Enters: Descending Mesocolon
-Runs: Caudoventrally to the Mesenteric Border of the Descending Colon
-Terminates in: 2 br. of Similar size

Front 193

LEFT COLIC A.:
-Origin:
-Follows:
-Anastomoses w/:

Back 193

-Br. of Caudal mesenteric a. at Mesenteric Border of Descending Colon
-Follows: Mesenteric Border of Descending Colon Cranially
-Anastomose w/: Middle Colic a.

Front 194

CRANIAL RECTAL A.:
-Origin:
-Descends along:
-Anastomoses w/:

Back 194

-Br. of Caudal Mesenteric a. from Mesenteric Border of Descending Colon
-Descends along: Rectum
-Anastomoses w/: Middle Rectal a. from the Prostatic or Vaginal a.

Front 195

DEEP CIRCUMFLEX ILIAC A.:
-Origin:
-Crosses:
-Supplies:
-Where:
-Perforates:
-Becomes:
-Where
-Supplies:

Back 195

-Paired; Arises from Aorta close to Origin of External iliac a.
-Crosses Sublumbar mm. Laterally
-Supplies: Musc. of Caudodorsal portion of Abdominal wall
-at Lateral Border of Psoas Major m.
-Perforates: Abdominal Wall&becomes Superficial
-Ventral to Tuber Coxae
-Supplies:Skin of Caudal Ab. Area,Flank & Cr. Thigh

Front 196

VESSELS OF PORTAL VENOUS SYSTEM TO ID:

Back 196

-Portal v.
-Gastroduodenal v.
-Splenic v.
-Left Gastric v.
-Cranial Mesenteric v.
-Caudal Mesenteric v.

Front 197

VENOUS PORTAL SYSTEM:
-Consists of:
-Interposed btw:

Back 197

-Capillary Bed
-Veins returning blood to the heart

Front 198

PORTAL V.:
-Carries venous blood:
-To:
-From:

Back 198

-Carries venous blood:
-To: Liver
-From: Abdominial Viscera:
-Stomach
-Small Intestine
-Cecum
-Colon
-Pancreas
-Spleen

Front 199

PORTAL V.:
-Liver has:
-Thru Which:
-Before:
-To enter:

Back 199

-Liver has: a Capillary Bed of Sinusoids
-Thru Which: Blood Passes
-Before: it Exits thru large Hepatic vv.
-To enter:
-Caudal Vena Cava
-Heart on the Right Side

Front 200

PORTAL V.:
-Location:
-How to Find it:
-How to expose its brs.:
-Enters:
-In:
-Divides into:

Back 200

-In Hepatoduodenal Lig. at Ventral Border of Epiploic Foramen
-Separate Caudate Process from Cranial Duodenal Flexure
-Reflect Peritoneum&Fat from surface of Portal v. as far
Caudally as the Root of the Mesentery
-Enters: Liver in Hepatoduodenal Lig.
-Divides into: a short Right & long Left br.

Front 201

PORTAL V.:
-Branches Supply:
-W/in these Lobes, Portal Venous Branches Give Rise To:
-These are Drained By:
-That Give Rise To:

Back 201

-Rt. br. Supplies Rt. Lateral Lobe&Caudate Process
-Lt. br. Supplies Other Lobes
-Large Array of Hepatic Sinusoids that form an extensive Capillary Bed
-Drained by Larger Brs.
-Variable # of Hepatic vv. that enter Caudal Vena Cava

Front 202

GASTRODUODENAL V.:
-Origin:
-In:
-From:
-Near:
-Drains:

Back 202

-Small Proximal br. of Portal v.
-In: Mesoduodenum
-Enters from: Right side
-Near: Body of the Pancreas
-Drains:
-Pancreas
-Stomach
-Duodenum
-Greater Omentum

Front 203

SPLENIC V.:
-Enters Portal v. From:
-On which side:
-Relative to Gastroduodenal br.:
-Receives Blood from:

Back 203

-Large br.
-Enters Portal v. from: Deep Leaf of the Greater Omentum
-On: Left Side
-Just Caudal to Gastroduodenal br.
-Receives Blood From:
-Spleen
-Stomach
-Pancreas
-Greater Omentum
-Left Gastric v.

Front 204

LEFT GASTRIC V.:
-Drains:
-Enters:

Back 204

-Drains:
-Lesser Curvature of Stomach
-Enters: Splenic v.

Front 205

CRANIAL MESENTERIC V.:
-Origin:
-Arborizes in:
-Collects Blood From:

Back 205

-A Distal Terminal br. of the Portal v.
-Arborizes in: Mesentery
-Collects Blood From:
-Jejunum
-Ileum
-Caudal Duodenum
-Right Lobe of Pancreas

Front 206

CAUDAL MESENTERIC V.:
-Origin:
-In:
-Drains:

Back 206

-A Distal Terminal br. of the Portal v.
-In: Mesocolon
-Drains:
-Cecum
-Colon

Front 207

MUSCLES OF PELVIS TO ID:

Back 207

-Levator Ani m.
-Coccygeus m.
-Pelvic Diaphragm

Front 208

LEVATOR ANI M.:
-Origin:
-Covers:
-Relationship w/ Coccygeus m:
-Insertion:
-Forms:

Back 208

-Broad, thin muscle
-Medial Edge of Shaft of Ilium
-Dorsal Surface of Pubis
-Pelvic Symphysis
-Covers: Cranial part of Internal Obturator m.
-Lies Medial to the Coccygeus m. & appears to be Caudal to it where it Inserts on Cd3-Cd7
-Forms: Pelvic Diaphragm (w/ Coccygeus mm. on each side)

Front 209

COCCYGEUS M.:
-Origin:
-Insertion:
-Rel. w/ Levator Ani m:
-Forms:

Back 209

-Shorter & Thicker; Arises from Ischiatic Spine
-Inserts on: Transverse Processos of Cd2-Cd4
-Lies Lateral to Levator Ani m.
-Forms: Pelvic Diaphragm (w/ Levator ani mm. on each side)

Front 210

PELVIC DIAPHRAGM:
-Formed by:
-Signifigance:

Back 210

-Formed by Levator ani & Coccygeus mm. of each side
-Thru which the Genitourinary & Digestive Tracts open to the outside.

Front 211

PELVIC PLEXUS
-Location:
-What type of fibers does it contain?

Back 211

-Dorsal to prostate on surface of the rectum
-Sympathetic from Hypogastric n.
-Parasympathetic from Pelvic n.

Front 212

PELVIC N.
-Origin:
-Course:
-Supplys:

Back 212

-Parasympathetic preganglionic axons of S1-S3
-Lateral wall of Distal rectum deep to internal Pudendal a.
-Urogenital Organs
-Rectum
-Descending Colon

Front 213

PARARECTAL FOSSA
-Location:
-Caudal Extent:
-Continuous with:

Back 213

-Extension of peritoneal cavity dorsal to rectum on either side of the mesorectum.
-Plane of Cd2
-Continuous ventrally with Rectogenital pouch

Front 214

RECTOGENITAL POUCH
-Location:
-Continuous with:
-Communicates with (in female):
---(in male):

Back 214

-Common peritoneal space btw Rectum & Uterus or Prostate.
-Dorsally with Pararectal Fossa
-Ventrally on either side of Uterus with Vesicogenital Pouch
---Short Pubovesical Pouch

Front 215

VESICOGENITAL POUCH
-Location:
-Communicates with (in female):

Back 215

-Peritoneal space btw Uterus and Bladder
-Dorsally on either side of the uterus with Rectogenital pouch
-Pubovesical Pouch

Front 216

PUBOVESICAL POUCH
-Location:
-Communicates with:
-In Female:
-In Male:
-Divided by:

Back 216

-Peritoneal space btw Bladder and Ventral Body Wall and Pubis.
-Female: Vesicogenital Pouch
-Male: Rectogenital Pouch
-Median Lig. of Bladder

Front 217

MEDIAN LIG. OF BLADDER:
-Location:

Back 217

-Divides the Pubovesical Pouch (btw the bladder and ventral body wall and pubis)

Front 218

The paired Iliac aa. supply:

Back 218

-Pelvis&Pelvic Limb

Front 219

EXTERNAL ILIAC A.:
(Paired)
-Runs ____ and becomes the ___ ___ as it leaves the ___ thru the ___.

Back 219

-Ventrocaudally
-Femoral a.
-Abdomen
-VASCULAR LACUNA

Front 220

INTERNAL ILIAC A.
(Paired)
-Arises ___ to the ___ ___ ___ and passes ___ into the ___.

Back 220

-Caudal
-External Iliac a.
-Caudolaterally
-Pelvis

Front 221

Which Arteries Terminate the Aorta?

Back 221

-Internal Iliac aa.
-Median Sacral a.

Front 222

INTERNAL ILIAC A.
-Origin:
-Course:
-Branches:
-Terminates where:

Back 222

-Terminal Aorta caudal to External Iliac a.
-Passes Caudolaterally into Pelvis
-Rudimentary Umbilical a.
-Caudal Gluteal a.
-Internal Pudendal a.
(Terminates Cranial to Sacroiliac Joint)

Front 223

CAUDAL GLUTEAL A.
-Origin:
-Supplies:

Back 223

-Internal Iliac a. cranial to sacroiliac jt.
-mm. on outer pelvis
-mm in caudal thigh

Front 224

INTERNAL PUDENDAL A.
-Origin:
-Course:

Back 224

-Small, Ventral Termination of Internal Iliac a.
-Runs Caudally on terminal tendon of the Psoas minor
-Distributed to Pelvic Viscera and External Genitalia at the Ischiatic arch

Front 225

INTERNAL PUDENDAL A.
-Branches:

Back 225

-Vaginal a./Prostatic
-Caudal Rectal a.
-Ventral Perineal a.
-Artery of Clitoris

Front 226

VAGINAL A.
-Origin:
-Branches

Back 226

-1st Ventral Branch of Internal Pudendal a.
-1st:Middle Rectal a. (caudal)
-2nd:Caudal Vesical a. (Cr.)
-3rd: Urethral Branch (Caudal)
-4th:Uterine Branch (Cr.)

Front 227

VAGINAL A.
-Branches Supply:

Back 227

-Rectum
-Vagina
-Urethra
-Cervix
-Bladder
-Ureter
-Uterus
-Right Uterine Horn

Front 228

UMBILICAL A.
-Remnant of:
-Origin:
-Course:

Back 228

-Round Lig. of Bladder
-Near origin of Internal Iliac a.
-Courses to apex of Bladder in its Lateral Lig.

Front 229

PROSTATIC A.
-Origin:
-Supplies:
-Branches:

Back 229

-Internal Pudendal a. (caudoventrally)
-Prostate gland
-Artery of the Ductus Deferens (Cranial)
-Middle Rectal a. (Caudal)

Front 230

ARTERY OF THE DUCTUS DEFERENS
-Origin:
-Branches:
-Supplies:

Back 230

-Cranial Branch of Prostatic a.
-Caudal Vesical a. to bladder w/ Ureteral and Urethral branches
-Ductus Deferens

Front 231

MIDDLE RECTAL A.
-Origin:
-Supplies:

Back 231

-Caudal branch of the Prostatic/Vaginal a.
-Rectum, Prostate/Vagina, Urethra