Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Superficial intraepidermal vesicopustule
Crusty and weeping Mostly in babies |
Impetigo
|
|
|
Impetigo - organisms
|
Staph aureus
Group A strep |
|
|
Small erythematous lesions with central pustule
Within hair follicles or apocrine regions |
Folliculitis
|
|
|
Folliculitis - organisms
|
Staph aureus
Sycosis barbae for bearded areas Pseudomonas for whirlpools or swimming pools |
|
|
Folliculitis - treatment
|
Warm compress
Topical antibiotics |
|
|
Firm tender red nodules with pus
Areas subject to friction and hair follicles - collar, groin, and legs |
Furuncles
|
|
|
Furuncles - risk factors
|
Obesity
Corticosteroids Neutrophil dysfunction Diabetes mellitus |
|
|
Large furuncles
|
Carbuncles
|
|
|
Carbuncles - organism
|
Staph aureus
|
|
|
Carbuncles - treatment
|
Surgical drainage
Antimicrobials Vancomycin for empiric therapy |
|
|
Demarcated red raised area
Mostly in lower extremities Bimodal age distribution |
Erysipelas
|
|
|
Erysipelas - organisms
|
Group A strep
|
|
|
Erysipelas - treatment
|
Penicillin
1st or 3rd gen cephalosporin Erythromycin |
|
|
Erysipelas - risk factors
|
Venous stasis
Diabetes mellitus Alcohol abuse Paraparesis Lymphatic obstruction |
|
|
Red, warm, and tender
Not raised or demarcated Fever, malaise, chills, and leukocytosis |
Cellulitis
|
|
|
Cellulitis - pathophysiology
|
Usually secondary to trauma or preceding skin lesion
Rarely from blood-borne spread |
|
|
Cellulitis - organisms
|
Gram positives:
Group A or B strep Staph aureus Strep viridans |
|
|
Cellulitis - treatment
|
Nafcillin/oxacillin
Cefazolin Vancomycin for penicillin allergy or nosocomial (MRSA) |
|
|
Post-op cellulitis - organisms
|
Group A strep - within 6-48 hours
Staph aureus - can take days to develop |
|
|
Post-op cellulitis - post-CABG
|
Tinea pedis
Due to poor lymphatic drainage and venous stasis |
|
|
Initially erythematous, swollen, shiny, and hot
Fever, leukocytosis Positive gram stain Rapid anesthesia and progression to gangrene |
Necrotizing fascitis
|
|
|
Necrotizing fascitis - complications
|
Compartment syndrome due to myonecrosis
|
|
|
Necrotizing fascitis - organisms
|
Type I - multiple, including anaerobes
Type II - group A strep |
|
|
Necrotizing fascitis - treatment
|
Immediate surgical debridement
Type I - broad-spectrum antibiotic Type II - penicillin plus clindamycin |
|
|
Necrotizing fascitis - locations
|
Extremities
Abdominal wall Perianal Post-operative wounds |
|
|
Scrotal edema
Necrotizing skin lesion |
Fournier's gangrene
|
|
|
Fournier's gangrene - organisms
|
Mixed gram negatives and anaerobes
|
|
|
Fournier's gangrene - risk factors
|
Diabetes
Local trauma Perirectal or perianal infection Surgery |
|
|
Inflammation and necrosis of muscle
Mostly in tropics After blunt trauma or bacteremia |
Pyomyositis
|
|
|
Pyomyositis - organisms
|
Staph aureus
|
|
|
Pyomyositis - treatment
|
Drainage
|
|
|
Ulcerating skin lesion without pus
Scarring and fibrosis Young and minorities |
Community-acquired MRSA
|
|
|
CA-MRSA - risk factors
|
MSM
Post-partum women Crowded living conditions |
|
|
CA-MRSA - treatment
|
TMP-SMX
Doxycycline for adults Clindamycin for kids Vancomycin for outpatients |
|
|
CA-MRSA - toxins
|
Panton-Valentine leukocidin - kills leukocytes
|
|
|
Cellulitis with hemorrhagic bullae
Ingestion of raw shellfish with existing liver disease Traumatic wound exposure to salt water Hypotension, GI symptoms, fever |
Vibrio vulnificus
|
|
|
Vibrio vulnificus - treatment
|
Doxycycline
|
|
|
Indolent cellulitis in people handling saltwater fish, poultry, meat
Cellulitis Swollen fingers Painful violaceous area after 1 week |
Erysipelothrix rhusipathiae
|
|
|
Erysipelothrix rhusipathiae - complications
|
Endocarditis
Bacteremia |
|
|
Erysipelothrix rhusipathiae - treatment
|
Vancomycin
|
|
|
Small violet papules on hands and arms progressing to shallow crusty ulcerations
Open wound exposure to fresh water |
Mycobacterium marinum
|
|
|
Mycobacterium marinum - treatment
|
3 months clarithromycin, doxycycline, TMP-SMX
|
|
|
Hypotension
Multi-system organ failure Desquamation after 10 days - strep only Fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, confusion |
Toxic shock syndrome
|
|
|
Toxic shock syndrome - organisms
|
Staph aureus
Group A strep - positive blood cultures |
|
|
Toxic shock syndrome - risk factors
|
Foreign antigen at mucosal surface - tampon, nasal packing
Absence of TSST-1 antibodies Surgical or trauma wound Impaired host defense |
|
|
Scarlitiform rash
Large flaccid bullae (Nikolsky's sign) Skin replaced in two weeks Younger children |
Staph scalded skin syndrome
|
|
|
Staph scalded skin syndrome - treatment
|
Fluid replacement
Supportive antibiotics |
|
|
Acute lymphangitis - organisms
|
Pasteurella
Group A strep |
|
|
Chronic granulomatous lymphangitis - organisms
|
Sporothrix schenkii - gardener with minor trauma
Mycobacterium marinum - freshwater exposure after minor trauma |
