Icp Short Drug List

Front 1

Routes of Admin

Back 1

Enteral (via GI / alimentary Tract--Oral; Sublingual, Rectal) or Parenteral (NOT via GI tract--Inhalation; IV; IM; SC; Transdermal, Topical)

Routes of Admin

Front 2

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail

Back 2

can give w / narcotic like Fentanyl, but lower dose or will see resp depression

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 3

Anxiolytics

Back 3

a drug that relieves anxiety.

An anxiolytic (antipanic or antianxiety agent) is a drug prescribed for the treatment of symptoms of anxiety.

Some anxiolytics have been shown to be useful in the treatment of anxiety disorders, as have antidepressants such as the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).

Front 4

Midazolam
Drug
(trade name)

Back 4

(versed)

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 5

Midazolam
Class

Back 5

Benzodiazepine

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 6

Benzodiazepine

Back 6

a drug belonging to a group of minor tranquilizers.

Use: short-term treatment for sleeping difficulties.

Benzodiazepines have varying sedative, hypnotic (sleep-inducing), anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant and amnesic properties.

These properties make benzodiazepines useful in treating anxiety, insomnia, agitation, seizures, muscle spasms, and alcohol withdrawal.

Benzodiazepines vary in their elimination half-life, and are categorized as either short-, intermediate- or long-acting.

Short- and intermediate-acting benzodiazepines are preferred for the treatment of insomnia; longer-acting benzodiazepines are recommended for the treatment of anxiety.

Front 7

Midazolam
Uses

Back 7

Anxiolysis,
Sedation, Amnesia

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 8

Midazolam
[ Supplied ]

Back 8

1mg / mL

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 9

Midazolam
Dosing--card

Back 9

1mg
(0.5-2.0) or 0.15-0.3 mg / kg

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 10

Midazolam
Dosing--Stever

Back 10

1-2.5mg

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 11

Midazolam
Caution

Back 11

Hepatic Disease, Elderly, Synergy w / Narcotics

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 12

Midazolam
Notes

Back 12

Onset 2-5m

Anxiolytics / Premed / Morning Cocktail
Group 1

Front 13

Induction Drugs

Back 13

very lipid soluble, fast on, fast off, short duration (3-5m), Note Propofol / etomidate burn on injection, ketamine has Analgesic effects, and thiopental has a high pH…watch out for crystallization of drug if added w / acidic drug…instead, push thiopental, flush through into body w / IV fluid, then do acidic drug

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 14

Propofol
Drug
(trade name)

Back 14

(Diprivan)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 15

Propofol
Class

Back 15

Diisopropylphenol

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 16

Propofol
Uses

Back 16

Induction,
Sedation, MAC

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 17

Propofol
[ Supplied ]

Back 17

10mg / mL

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 18

Propofol
Dosing--card

Back 18

2mg / kg
(1-2.5)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 19

Propofol
Dosing--Stever

Back 19

1.5-2.5mg / kg Ind; 25-100mcg / kg / min Inf.

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 20

Propofol
Caution

Back 20

Bacterial growth, soy / egg allergy

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 21

Propofol
Notes

Back 21

Pain on injection, emulsion, elim via redist., ↓ PONV & BP

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 22

Sodium Thiopental
Drug
(trade name)

Back 22

Sodium Thiopental
(aka: Sodium Pentothal)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 23

Sodium Thiopental
Class

Back 23

Barbiturate

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 24

Barbiturate

Back 24

A drug with sedative and hypnotic properties belonging to a group of derivatives of barbituric acid

Front 25

Sodium Thiopental
Uses

Back 25

Induction,
cerebral protection

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 26

Sodium Thiopental
[ Supplied ]

Back 26

2.5%

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 27

Sodium Thiopental
Dosing--card

Back 27

4mg / kg (3-6)

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 28

Sodium Thiopental
Dosing--Stever

Back 28

3-5 mg / kg

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 29

Sodium Thiopental
Caution

Back 29

Drug Interaction (add acidic drug w / it-->Precip.); Apnea

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 30

Sodium Thiopental
Notes

Back 30

Will burn b / c high pH of 10 v. pH of blood 7.4;
Garlic Taste

Induction Drugs
Group 2

Front 31

Local Anesthetics

Back 31

Transient loss of sensory, motor, and autonomic function in a discrete portion of the body; reversible conduction of blockade of impulses along central and peripheral nerve pathways; Divided into Amides and Esters; Amides ( I b4 caine) metabolized by liver & Esters (no i b4 caine) metabolized in plasma via plasma cholinesterases, also will cause allergic Rxn in ppl allergic to PABA in sunscreen. Note that Vasoconstrictors (i.e. Epinephrine) increase duration of action of local anesthetic by limiting systemic absorption and maintaining the drug [c] at the nerve. It also decreases possibility of systemic toxicity and has little effect on onset (use 5mcg / ml or 1:200,000 Epi w / local anesthetic); Symptoms of Toxicity: Circumoral numbness (lips), Tinnitus (ringing in ears), taste pennies, lightheadedness, visual disturbances, muscular twitching, unconsciousness, convulsions, respiratory depression, cardiovascular collapse (described w / increasing levels of toxicity);PVC=premature ventricular contraction; Infiltration=using lidocaine to numb area b4 giving IV / creating wheal under skin; use nebulizer to numb airway for awake intubation; use at induction to attenuate burning on injection of induction drugs; IV regional anesthesia (IVRA) = Bier Block; Peripheral Nerve Block (PNB) = ankle or femural block;
.


Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 32

Local Anesthetics

Back 32

An anesthetic that causes loss of sensation only to the area to which it is applied.
A local anesthetic is a drug that causes reversible local anesthesia and a loss of nociception.
When it is used on specific nerve pathways (nerve block), effects such as analgesia (loss of pain sensation) and paralysis (loss of muscle power) can be achieved.

Front 33

Lidocaine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 33

Lidocaine

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 34

Lidocaine
Class

Back 34

Amide

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 35

Amide

Back 35

In chemistry, amide usually refers to organic compounds that contain the functional group consisting of an acyl group (C=O) linked to a nitrogen atom (N).
The term refers both to a class of compounds and a functional group within those compounds.
The term amide also refers to deprotonated form of ammonia (NH3) or an amine, often represented as anions R2N-.

Front 36

Lidocaine
Uses

Back 36

local anesthesia, cough, inhalation

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 37

Lidocaine
[ Supplied ]

Back 37

0.5-5%

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 38

Lidocaine
Dosing--card

Back 38

1mg / kg IV

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 39

Lidocaine
Dosing--Stever

Back 39

Topical (4%); Infiltration (0.5-1%); IVRA (0.25-0.5%); PNB (1-1.5%); Epidural (1.5-2%); Spinal (1.5-5%)

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 40

Lidocaine
Caution

Back 40

Hepatic Disease (metab. In liver)

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 41

Lidocaine
Notes

Back 41

Hepatic Clearance
Toxic Dose: 5mg / kg alone
7 mg / kg with Epi

Local Anesthetics
Group 11

Front 42

NMB Reversal Drugs

Back 42

The Wake Up; Induction drugs long gone, turned gas off so that is gone too, need to get rid of NMBs; Anticholinesterase Drugs prevent the hydrolysis of Ach, and an increase [Ach] @ NMJ competes with ND NMBDs; clinical uses--reversal of Non-depol NMBDs; Mech. of action--enzyme inhibition, pre-synaptic effects, NMJ effects; get this increase [Ach] everywhere though, so get the BLUDS effect--attenuate by using in combination w / Anticholinergic drugs; BLUDS= bradycardia / bronchospasm, lacrimation, urination, defication, salivation; Anticholinergic Drugs used clinically most often as pre-op med, for treatment of bradycardia, for NDNMB reversal and less frequently for bronchodialation, smooth muscle relaxant, antagonist of gastric acid secretion, & to prevent N / V; work by blocking muscarinic Ach receptors activated by parasymp. NS, careful though....will cause dialation of pupils (worsens Glaucoma) and will cross placenta in pregnant woman (Cautions=Glaucoma / Parturients). (Parturient=pregnant woman)

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 43

Atropine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 43

Atropine

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 44

Atropine
Class

Back 44

Anticholinergic

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 45

Anticholinergic

Back 45

An _____ agent is a substance that blocks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and the peripheral nervous system. An example of an .
is dicyclomine. .
s are administered to reduce the effects mediated by acetylcholine on acetylcholine receptors in neurons through competitive inhibition. Therefore, their effects are reversible.

Front 46

Atropine
Uses

Back 46

Bradycardia, accompany NMB Reversal to fight BLUDS

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 47

Atropine
[ Supplied ]

Back 47

0.4, 0.5, 1mg / ml

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 48

Atropine
Dosing--card

Back 48

1.0mg vagolytic dose; 0.01mg / kg NMB reversal

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 49

Atropine
Dosing--Stever

Back 49

IM 0.01-0.02 mg / kg (up to 0.4-0.6 mg); Bradycardia 0.4-0.6mg (up to 3mg)

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 50

Atropine
Caution

Back 50

Glaucoma, Parturients

NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 51

Atropine
Notes

Back 51

||
NMB Reversal Drugs
Group 9

Front 52

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs

Back 52

Paralysis / Muscle Relaxation; Facilitate tracheal intubation, improve surgical working conditions, good for mechanical ventilation of lungs, treat laryngospasm; Classified / chosen according or whether Depolarizing (mimics ACh, binds receptor @ muscle and activates receptor) or Non-depolarizing (binds @ receptor and blocks ACh), duration of action (whether long, intermediate or short acting; duration also affected by liver / kidney disease so keep that in mind), speed of onset, side effects, & pathophysiology; Act by interupting transmission of nerve impulses at NMJ of muscles; review in ppt adverse effects of SUX); Note: Int= Intubation Dose, Inf= Infusion

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 53

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs

Back 53

Neuromuscular-blocking drugs block neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction, causing paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles.

This is accomplished either by acting presynaptically via the inhibition of acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis or release, or by acting postsynaptically at the acetylcholine receptor.

While there are drugs that act presynaptically (such as botulin toxin and tetrodotoxin), the clinically-relevant drugs work postsynaptically.

Clinically, neuromuscular block is used as an adjunct to anesthesia to induce paralysis, so that surgery, especially intra-abdominal and intra-thoracic surgeries, can be carried out with fewer complications.

Because neuromuscular block may paralyze muscles required for breathing, mechanical ventilation should be available to maintain adequate respiration.

Patients are still aware of pain even after full conduction block has occurred; hence, general anesthetics and / or analgesics must be given to prevent anesthesia awareness.

Front 54

Cisatracurium
Drug
(trade name)

Back 54

(Nimbex)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 55

Cisatracurium
Class

Back 55

Benzyl isoquinolinium, ND

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 56

Benzyl isoquinolinium

Back 56

Isoquinolines find many applications, including (but not limited to): anesthetics; dimethisoquin is one example.
vasodilators, a well-known example, papaverine.

Front 57

Cisatracurium
Uses

Back 57

Paralysis

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 58

Cisatracurium
[ Supplied ]

Back 58

20mg vial (2mg / ml)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 59

Cisatracurium
Dosing--card

Back 59

0.1mg / kg (0.1-0.15)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 60

Cisatracurium
Dosing--Stever

Back 60

Int same, Inf 1-2mcg / kg / min

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 61

Cisatracurium
Caution

Back 61

||
Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 62

Cisatracurium
Notes

Back 62

Onset: 3-5 min
Duration: 20-35 min
Hoffman Elim.,not metab in liver / kidneys, use for pt w / renal disease

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 63

Pancuronium
Drug
(trade name)

Back 63

(Pavulon)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 64

Pancuronium
Class

Back 64

Aminosteroid, ND

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 65

Pancuronium
Uses

Back 65

Paralysis

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 66

Pancuronium
[ Supplied ]

Back 66

1mg / mL

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 67

Pancuronium
Dosing--card

Back 67

0.1mg / kg (0.08-0.12)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 68

Pancuronium
Dosing--Stever

Back 68

Int same, Mt 0.01mg / kg

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 69

Pancuronium
Caution

Back 69

↑ HR (tachycardia), MAP, CO; Clearance ↓ up to 50% w / renal failure

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 70

Pancuronium
Notes

Back 70

Onset: 3-5 min
Duration: 60-90 min
Long duration, Hepatic / Renal Elim.

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 71

Rocuronium
Drug
(trade name)

Back 71

(Zemuron)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 72

Rocuronium
Class

Back 72

Aminosteroid, ND

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 73

Aminosteroid

Back 73

Aminosteroids are a group of drugs with a similar structure based on a steroid nucleus.
Examples are the muscle relaxants rocuronium, vecuronium and pancuronium.

Front 74

Rocuronium
Uses

Back 74

Paralysis, RSI

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 75

Rocuronium
[ Supplied ]

Back 75

10mg / ml

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 76

Rocuronium
Dosing--card

Back 76

0.6mg / kg (0.6-1.2)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 77

Rocuronium
Dosing--Stever

Back 77

Int same (RSI dose), Maint 0.1mg / kg, Infusion 5-12 mcg / kg / min

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 78

Rocuronium
Caution

Back 78

Renal failure (b / c excreted via kidneys)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 79

Rocuronium
Notes

Back 79

Onset: 1-2 min
Duration: 20-35min

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 80

Succinylcholine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 80

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 81

Succinylcholine
Class

Back 81

Depolarizing NMBD

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 82

Succinylcholine
Uses

Back 82

Intubation, Paralysis, Laryngospasm

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 83

Succinylcholine
[ Supplied ]

Back 83

20mg / ml

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 84

Succinylcholine
Dosing--card

Back 84

1mg / kg
(1-1.5)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 85

Succinylcholine
Dosing--Stever

Back 85

Int same; Laryngospasm 0.1mg / kg IV

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 86

Succinylcholine
Caution

Back 86

Bradycardia, Hyperalkemia, open globe injury (increases cerebral, intraabdominal and intraoccular pressure)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 87

Succinylcholine
Notes

Back 87

Onset: 60sec
Duration: 3-5 min
Causes Fasciculations

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 88

Vecuronium
Drug
(trade name)

Back 88

(Norcuron)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 89

Vecuronium
Class

Back 89

Aminosteroid, ND

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 90

Vecuronium
Uses

Back 90

Paralysis

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 91

Vecuronium
[ Supplied ]

Back 91

10mg powder vial, reconst. to 1mg / ml w / 10cc sdH2O

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 92

Vecuronium
Dosing--card

Back 92

0.1mg / kg (0.08-0.12)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 93

Vecuronium
Dosing--Stever

Back 93

Int same, Inf 1-2mcg / kg / min, Maint 0.01mg / kg

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 94

Vecuronium
Caution

Back 94

Renal / Hepatic Dysfunction(elim. Via these routes), Peds / Elderly (larger / smaller dose resp.)

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 95

Vecuronium
Notes

Back 95

onset 3-5 m
Duration: 20-35 min

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Group 3

Front 96

Sympathomimetics

Back 96

Uppers; ↑BP; pt's "tubes" not full b / c haven't eaten, dehydrated, etc., if you vasoconstrict you can increase volume compared to size of tube, inserting ETT raises BP b / c it is a strong stimulus, then BP may drop until next stimulus--surgical incision, so may need to use these until then to keep BP at desired / reasonable rate; Divided into Catecholamines & Synthetic Noncatecholamines; work through activation of α (vasculature--vasocontriction), β1 (heart--↑HR) and / or β2 (lungs--brachial relaxation) receptors--remember this w / mnemonic 1 Heart, 2 lungs for beta receptors

Sympathomimetics
Group 7

Front 97

Sympathomimetics

Back 97

Describes a drug that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system or produces physiological effects similar to it

Front 98

Ephedrine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 98

Ephedrine

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 99

Ephedrine
Class

Back 99

Synthetic non-catecholamine; direct / indirect action

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 100

Ephedrine
Uses

Back 100

↑HR / BP

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 101

Ephedrine
[ Supplied ]

Back 101

5mg / ml(from 25 or 50 mg / 1mL vial)

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 102

Ephedrine
Dosing--card

Back 102

5mg (5-25) initial dose

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 103

Ephedrine
Dosing--Stever

Back 103

5-20 mg

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 104

Ephedrine
Caution

Back 104

Tachyphylaxis (tolerance), depletion of norepinephrine

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 105

Ephedrine
Notes

Back 105

works @ symp. N terminal & releases norepinephrine to ↑BP

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 106

Phenylephrine
Drug
(trade name)

Back 106

Phenylephrine

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 107

Phenylephrine
Class

Back 107

Synthetic non-catecholamine; direct action

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 108

Phenylephrine
Uses

Back 108

↑BP, Nasal decongestant (use w / insertion of NA)

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 109

Phenylephrine
[ Supplied ]

Back 109

100mcg / mL

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 110

Phenylephrine
Dosing--card

Back 110

100mcg (50-200)

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 111

Phenylephrine
Dosing--Stever

Back 111

Bolus 50-100mcg, Inf 0.25-1 mcg / kg / min

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 112

Phenylephrine
Caution

Back 112

Increased afterload(heart pumping against high P), Reflex Bradycardia (↑BP but ↓HR)

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 113

Phenylephrine
Notes

Back 113

binds to α receptors to vasoconstrict "pipe"

Sympathomimetics
Vasoactive Drugs
Group 7

Front 114

Opioids / Narcotics

Back 114

Pain Relief; choose based on potency, onset / duration time and method of metabolization (keep byproducts and their toxicity in mind).

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 115

Opioids

Back 115

Any opium-containing substance that is produced naturally in the brain.
Similar in effect or properties to opium but not derived from opium.
An opioid is a chemical that works by binding to opioid receptors, which are found principally in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract.
The receptors in these two organ systems mediate both the beneficial effects and the side effects of opioids.
The analgesic (pain relieving) effects of opioids are due to decreased perception of pain, decreased reaction to pain as well as increased pain tolerance.
The side effects of opioids include sedation, respiratory depression, and constipation.
Opioids can cause cough suppression, which can be both an indication for opioid administration or an unintended side effect.

Front 116

Narcotics

Back 116

Agents that benumb or deaden, causing loss of feeling or paralysis.
Something that soothes, induces sleep, relieves pain or stress, or causes a sensation of mental numbness.

Front 117

Fentanyl
Drug
(trade name)

Back 117

Fentanyl

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 118

Fentanyl
Class

Back 118

synthetic opioid

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 119

Synthetic Opioid

Back 119

An Opiod made artificially by chemical synthesis, especially so as to resemble a natural product

Front 120

Fentanyl
Uses

Back 120

Analgesia

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 121

Fentanyl
[ Supplied ]

Back 121

50mcg / ml

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 122

Fentanyl
Dosing--card

Back 122

1-2mcg / kg premed; 2-5mcg / kg during Ind.

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 123

Fentanyl
Dosing--Stever

Back 123

low dose 1-2mcg / kg, mod dose 2-20 mcg / kg, Inf 1-2mcg / kg / hr

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 124

Fentanyl
Caution

Back 124

75-125x more potent than morphine

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4

Front 125

Fentanyl
Notes

Back 125

VERY lipid soluble & protein bound, can do IV,transdermal or PO, Peak effect 3-5m, duration 30-60m, 75% undergoes 1st pass pulmonary uptake / metab., Hemodynamic stability(doesn't cause histamine release), Drug interactions (can dec. inhalation / induction agent dose req'd), can cause postop depression

Opioids / Narcotics
Group 4