Icnd1

Front 1

How do you prevent unauthorized hosts from accessing the LAN?

Back 1

Port Security

Front 2

What layer of the OSI model would you find WINDOWING and SEQUENCE NUMBERS?

Back 2

Transport (Layer 4)

Front 3

What device would you use to create more collision domains on your network?

Back 3

Switches and Bridges

Front 4

What Windows command displays IP to MAC address mappings?

Back 4

arp -a

Front 5

What command tests VTY configuration?

Back 5

telnet

Front 6

What layer of the OSI model is responsible for end-to-end connections?

Back 6

Transport (layer 4)

Front 7

What layer of the OSI model is responsible for formatting your data?

Back 7

Presentation (Layer 6)

Front 8

What layer of the OSI model provides network services to HTTP/SMTP

Back 8

Application (Layer 7)

Front 9

What layer of the OSI model is responsible for managing sessions?

Back 9

Session (Layer 5)

Front 10

What is the sequence number in the TCP header responsible for?

Back 10

Reassembly of the data into the correct order.

Front 11

What is the purpose of Flow control?

Back 11

Provide a means for the receiver to govern the amount of data sent by the sender.

Front 12

What are 3 types of flow control?

Back 12

1) Buffering
2) Windowing
3) Congestion Avoidance

Front 13

What are the two characteristics that are most critical when implementing streaming video services?

Back 13

1) Bandwidth
2) Latency

Front 14

When do you use a DEFAULT ROUTE?

Back 14

When a packet is destined for a remote network that is not listed in the routing table.

example:
router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial0/0 or 10.0.0.1

Front 15

What are two applications that can slow down your network?

Back 15

1) PC-based VoIP services
2) Online video sites

Front 16

What are 3 things the network layer is responsible for?

Back 16

1) IP addressing
2) Routing
3) ICMP

Front 17

What does ICMP stand for and what is an example of it?

Back 17

Internet Message Control Protocol
Encapsulated within IP datagrams
example #1 PING
example #2 Traceroute

Front 18

What are 3 types of IP communication?

Back 18

1) Unicast - One-to-One
2) Multicast - One-to-Group
3) Broadcast - One-to-Everyone

Front 19

When you receive the message "TTL expired in transit" what does this generally mean?

Back 19

You have a loop

Front 20

What layer is responsible for getting your data to the physical medium?

Back 20

Data Link (Layer 2)

Front 21

What are 4 examples?

Back 21

1) LAN - Ethernet
2) WAN - Point-to-Point (PPP)
3) WAN - Frame Relay
4) WAN - High-Level Data Link Control

Front 22

What are the 5 steps to data encapsulation in TCP/IP?

Back 22

1) Application has data to send
2) Encapsulate at Transport Layer (4)
3) Encapsulate at Network Layer (5), adding network address
4) Encapsulate at Data Link Layer (2) adding data link address
5) Transmit the bits at the Physical layer(1)

Front 23

1's in the subnet mask indicate what? 0's indicate what?

Back 23

1's indicate Network portion
0's indicate Host portion

Front 24

What are the changes made to an RJ 45 cable to make it a crossover cable?

Back 24

Pin 1 is crossed over to Pin 3
Pin 2 is crossed over to Pin 6

Front 25

What are the 5 states of 802.1d?
(Spanning Tree Protocol)

Back 25

1)Blocking
2)Listening
3)Learning
4)Forwarding
5)Disabled

Front 26

Which 2 states of STP learn MAC addresses?

Back 26

1)Learning
2)Forwarding

Front 27

What is the default Bridge Priority value assigned to switches?

Back 27

32768

Front 28

What is a Bridge ID?

Back 28

MAC Address

Front 29

How long does it take a switch to go from Listening to Learning?

Back 29

50 seconds

Front 30

What is another name for the 50 seconds a switch takes to go from Listening to Learning?

Back 30

Forward Delay

Front 31

When does Convergence occur?

Back 31

when switches have transitioned to either FORWARDING or BLOCKING states.

Front 32

During Convergence what is forwarded?

Back 32

nothing is forwarded during convergence

Front 33

True or False
Blocked Ports do not receive BPDU's

Back 33

False
Blocked ports still receive BPDU's

Front 34

When do you use a DEFAULT ROUTE?

Back 34

When a packet is destined for a remote network that is not listed in the routing table.

example:
router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial0/0 or 10.0.0.1

Front 35

BPDU's send confirmation messages using what?

Back 35

Multicast Frames

Front 36

How many instances of Spanning Tree can Bridges have?

Back 36

Bridges can have ONLY 1 instance of Spanning Tree

Front 37

How many instances of Spanning Tree can Switches have?

Back 37

Switches can have MANY instances of Spanning Tree

Front 38

What is the Spanning Tree Algorithm used for?

Back 38

Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) is used to calculate a loop-free path

Front 39

All switch ports are set to what STP state to begin with?

Back 39

Blocking mode

Front 40

True or False
STP allows redundant links?

Back 40

True

Front 41

What determines who gets title ROOT BRIDGE?

Back 41

Lowest Bridge Priority
=======if tie========
Switch w/ lowest Bridge ID=MAC address

Front 42

What determines who gets title ROOT PORT?

Back 42

cumulative cost back to the root bridge
cost = inverse of bandwidth for each link segment.
Ports directly connected to Root Bridge will be ROOT PORTS/if not directly connected than lowest ROOT path cost is used.

Front 43

What determines who gets title DESIGNATED PORT?

Back 43

The single port that sends and receives traffic from switch to and from the ROOT BRIDGE
======or======

Front 44

Standard Access Lists base criteria on what?

Back 44

SOURCE ADDRESS only and the entire PROTOCOL SUITE

Front 45

Where should a STANDARD ACL be applied?

Back 45

STD ACL should be applied close to the DESTINATION and OUTBOUND

Front 46

Where should an EXTENDED ACL be applied?

Back 46

EXTENDED ACL should be applied close to SOURCE and INBOUND!

Front 47

Where should a STANDARD ACL be applied?

Back 47

STD ACL should be applied close to the DESTINATION and OUTBOUND

Front 48

Where should an EXTENDED ACL be applied?

Back 48

EXTENDED ACL should be applied close to SOURCE and INBOUND!

Front 49

Where should a STANDARD ACL be applied?

Back 49

STD ACL should be applied close to the DESTINATION and OUTBOUND

Front 50

Where should an EXTENDED ACL be applied?

Back 50

EXTENDED ACL should be applied close to SOURCE and INBOUND!

Front 51

Where should a STANDARD ACL be applied?

Back 51

STD ACL should be applied close to the DESTINATION and OUTBOUND

Front 52

Where should an EXTENDED ACL be applied?

Back 52

EXTENDED ACL should be applied close to SOURCE and INBOUND!

Front 53

Where should a STANDARD ACL be applied?

Back 53

STD ACL should be applied close to the DESTINATION and OUTBOUND

Front 54

EXTENDED ACL's are based on what criteria?

Back 54

1)SOURCE
2)DESTINATION
3)SPECIFIC PROTOCOL in a Suite

Front 55

What does a STD ACL command line look like?

Back 55

Router(config)#access-list [ACL #] {permit|deny} {test conditions}
Router(config-if)#ip access-group access list # {in|out}

Front 56

How do you determine the Wildcard Mask for a subnet?

Back 56

Increment - 1

example 1:
255.255.255.240 (/28)= 0.0.0.15 (increment is 16)

example 2:
255.255.248.0 (/21)= 0.0.7.255 (increment is 8.0)

Front 57

What can EXTENDED ACCESS LISTs Filter on?

Back 57

1) PROTOCOL
2) TCP/UDP port #
3) SOURCE and DESTINATION IP ADDRESS

Front 58

What does an EXTENDED ACL command line look like?

Back 58

example:

Router(config)#access-list ACL# {perm|deny}[Protocol][Src w/ mask] [dest w/ mask] [operator operand]

ACL# = 100-199
Protocol=TCP/UDP/ICMP
Operator*= eq (equals)
gt (greater than)
lt (less than)
* must be followed by TCP|UDP ports or ICMP echo or echo REPLY etc

Front 59

ACL's are used to classify network traffic for many uses...name 5

Back 59

1)Packet Filtering
2)Quality of Service
3)Identifying INTERESTING traffic for DDR (Dial-on-demand routing)
4)IP Route Filtering
5)NAT

Front 60

ACL's are used to classify network traffic for many uses...name 5

Back 60

1)Packet Filtering
2)Quality of Service
3)Identifying INTERESTING traffic for DDR (Dial-on-demand routing)
4)IP Route Filtering
5)NAT

Front 61

What is a Layer 3 (Network) device?

Back 61

Routers - Routes on packets based on IP address

Front 62

What are Layer 2 (Data Link) devices?

Back 62

Switches
and
Bridges

both forward frames based on MAC addresses

Front 63

What is a Layer 1 device? (Physical Layer)

Back 63

Hub

Repeats signal

Front 64

Presentation / layer 6

Back 64

-data representation
-ensures the data is reachable by recieving systems
-formats data
-structures data
-provides encryption
-negotiates data transfer
Above describes what layer on the osi model?

Front 65

Transport / layer 4

Back 65

-end to end connections
-handles transportation issues between hosts
-ensures data transport reliability
-provides reliability through fault detection and recovery information flow control
Above describes what layer of the osi model

Front 66

-Access to media
-Defines how data is formatted for transmission and how access to the network is controlled
-provides error detection
All these describe what layer of the OSI model

Back 66

Layer 2 / Data Link

Front 67

Bits are on what layer of the OSI model?

Back 67

Physical Layer / Layer 1

Front 68

When a security violation occurs in the switch, what are the 3 valid modes that may occur?

Back 68

protect, restrict, shutdown

Front 69

Defines the electrical,mechanical,procedural,and functional specifications for activation,maintaining,and deactivating the physical link. This describes what layer of the osi model?

Back 69

Physical

Front 70

-Interhost communication
-establishes,manages,and terminates sessions between applications
Above describes what layer of the osi model?

Back 70

Session / layer5

Front 71

Frames are on what layer of the osi model?

Back 71

data / layer 2

Front 72

segments are on what layer of the osi model?

Back 72

transport / layer 4

Front 73

-data delivery
-routes data packets
-selects best path to deliver data
-provides logical addressing and path selection
All these describe what layer of the osi model

Back 73

Network / layer 3

Front 74

-data representation
-ensures the data is reachable by recieving systems
-formats data
-structures data
-provides encryption
-negotiates data transfer
Above describes what layer on the osi model?

Back 74

Presentation / layer 6

Front 75

-end to end connections
-handles transportation issues between hosts
-ensures data transport reliability
-provides reliability through fault detection and recovery information flow control
Above describes what layer of the osi model

Back 75

Transport / layer 4

Front 76

Frames are on what layer of the osi model?

Back 76

data / layer 2

Front 77

-Access to media
-Defines how data is formated for transmission and how access to the network is controlled
-provides error detection
All these describe what layer of the OSI model

Back 77

layer 2 / data link

Front 78

packets are on what layer of the osi model?

Back 78

network /layer 3

Front 79

What are the three common values for the 4th Hex digit in the register?

Back 79

The 4th Hex digit is typically set to "0, 1 or 2".

Front 80

If the Boot Field (4th Hex digit) in the register is set to "2", what happen?

Back 80

This causes the router to: 1)Try each "Boot System" command in the startup-config file until one works. 2)If none of the "Boot System" commands works, load the 1st IOS file found in Flash memory

Front 81

If the Boot Field (4th Hex digit) in the register is set to "1", what happens?

Back 81

This causes the router to load the 1st IOS file found in Flash memory.

Front 82

What is the low-order 4 bits (4th Hex digit)in the register called?

Back 82

The 4th Hex digit in the register is called the "Boot Field".

Front 83

If the Boot Field (4th Hex digit) in the register is set to "0", what happens?

Back 83

This causes the router to load the "ROMMOM OS" instead of IOS.

Front 84

What is the result of segmenting a network with a bridge? (choose two)

a. It increases the number of collision domains

b. It decreases the number of collision domains

c. It increases the number of broadcast domains

d. It decreases the number of broadcast domains

e. It makes smaller collision domains

f. It makes larger collision domains

Back 84

a. It increases the number of collision domains

e. It makes smaller collision domains

Front 85

Name some benefits of layering network protocol specifications.

Back 85

1) Less complex
2) Standard Interfaces
3) Easier to learn
4) Easier to develop
5) Multi-vendor interoperability
6) Modular engineering

Front 86

Write out the 7 layers of the OSI model starting with Application. What format is data in at each level?

Back 86

Application - Data

Presentation - Data

Session - Data

Transport - Segment

Network - Packet

Data Link - Frame

Physical - Bits

Front 87

CSMA/CD steps when a collision is encountered...list them in order

Back 87

4) Jam signal is sent by those stations that detected collision
5) All stations run back-off algorithm
6) When back-off delay period has expired...all stations have equal priority to transmit data.

Front 88

What are all six steps of CSMA/CD?

Back 88

1) Stations wait until media is not in use before xmitting
2) Stations send their data
3) A collision occurs if two stations send data at the same time.
4) Jam signal is sent by those stations that detected collision
5) All stations run back-off algorithm
6) When back-off delay period has expired...all stations have equal priority to transmit data.

Front 89

Each port on a switch is what is in what....?

Back 89

its own Collision Domain.

Front 90

The implementation of Switches create what?

Back 90

MORE COLLISION DOMAINS

Front 91

What is a unique trait of Full Duplex Ethernet?

Back 91

There are no collisions.

Front 92

What is an ACCESS PORT?
(Trunking)

Back 92

-Carries traffic for a single VLAN
-Connects End-User Workstation to a Switch
-Straight through cable connection

Front 93

What is a TRUNK PORT
(Trunking)

Back 93

-Carries traffic for multiple VLANs
-Facilitates Inter-VLAN communication when connected to a Layer 3 device
-uses 802.1q to identify traffic from different VLANS