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33 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
3 prerequisites for performing a kidney biopsy
normal bleeding time
pt has 2 kidneys
no UTI
2 kinds of nephrotic syndrome
primary
secondary
4 kinds of primary NS
MCD
FSGS
membranous nephropathy
MPGN
3 kinds of secondary NS
amyloidosis
SLE
diabetic GS
___ is most common NS in kids
___ is most common NS in adults
MCD
membranous nephropathy
NS patients are hyper___. for this reason it's important not to give them ___. ___ are the main hazard of NS.
coagulable
diuretics
thromboembolic complications
NS ____ should be treated with statins
hypercholesterolemia
3 common thromboembolic events in NS
renal vein thrombosis
PE
DVT
if you need to give diuretics to NS pt, you must also give ___. this is restricted to ____ cases because of ___.
albumin
morbid edema
high cost
patients with serum albumin below ___ and urinary protein above ___ require ___
2 g
10 g
prophylactic anticoagulation
infections are elevated in NS due to loss of ___ (2)
IgG
factor B (alternative complement)
malignancies such as ___ account for ___% of idiopathic NS in adults
lymphoma
10
the only time MCD causes renal failure is when ____ causes ____.
hypovolemia
ARF
membranous nephropathy ICs contain ___ (2)
IgG
complement
6 main causes of membranous nephropathy
idiopathic
SLE
lung cancer
NHL
HBV
NSAIDs
because of ___, HTN is present in membranous nephropathy.
GBM fibrosis
___% of kids and ___% of adults with membranous nephropathy progress to end-stage renal disease.
10
20
tx of MN is ___ alternating with either ___ or ___
methylprednisolone
chlorambucil
CTX
2 other MN drugs
cyclosporin
azathioprine
in FSGS, circulating ICs can be removed by ___
plasmapheresis
___ is a drug which can cause FSGS. it is part of the ___ family and is used for ____
pamidronate
bisphosphonate
osteoporosis
FSGS presents clinically with ___ (3)
rapidly developing edema
heavy proteinuria
hematuria
HIV patients and ___ get ___ FSGS
African americans
collapsing
hyperfiltration stage of DM nephropathy happens ___ years after diagnosis and has ___ GFR, ___ BP, and ___ albuminuria
0
high
normal
no
latency stage of DM nephropathy happens ___ years after diagnosis and has ___ GFR, ___ BP, and ___ albuminuria
5-15
high normal
high normal
no
microalbuminuria stage of DM nephropathy happens ___ years after diagnosis and has ___ GFR, ___ BP, and ___ albuminuria
10-15
normal
high
<300 mg/day
macroalbuminuria stage of DM nephropathy happens ___ years after diagnosis and has ___ GFR, ___ BP, and ___ albuminuria
10-15
low
high
> 300 mg/day
renal failure stage of DM nephropathy happens ___ years after diagnosis and has ___ GFR, ___ BP, and ___ albuminuria
15-30
very low
high
massive
the irreversible stages of DM nephropathy are ___ (2)
macroalbuminuria
renal failure
microalbuminuria can be monitered via the ___ ratio. the normal ratio is ___
albumin/creatinine
<0.02
2 kinds of amyloid implicated in kidney disease
AA
AL
AA accumulation is caused by ___. the protein is ___. this kind of amyloidosis is called ___. 2 causes are ___
chronic inflammation
serum amyloid A (acute phase)
secondary
RA
FMF
AL accumulation is caused by ___. the protein is ___. this kind of amyloidosis is called ___. one cause is ___
plasma cell dyscrasia
Ig light chain lambda
primary
multiple myeloma