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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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flat lesion of skin associated with a color change of skin (less than 1 cm)
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a) Macule
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a flat, discolored lesion greater than 1 cm
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b) Patch
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small solid elevation of skin greater than 5 mm
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c) Papule
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palpable, plateau elevation of skin 2cm in diameter and 5mm in height
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d) Plaque
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palpable, solid, lesion
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e) Nodule
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cavity containing liquid or semisolid material
a. Cavity lined with epithelial b. Palpation of cyst is resilient (bounces back) |
f) Cyst
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cpmpressible papule of dermal edema (associated with inflammation)
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g) Wheal
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circumscribed blister that is <5mm and contains clear serous fluid
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h) Vesicle
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large blister greater than 5mm
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i) Bulla
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elevated lesion containing pus (WBC) can be yellow, white, or greenish
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j) Pustule
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abnormal shedding, flaking of stratum coneum
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k) Scale
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moist lesion of skin due to loss of some piece of epidermis
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l) Erosion
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larger area of skin loss throughout epidermis and dermis
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m) Ulcer
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dried serum, blood, pus on surface of skin
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n) Crust
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chronic thickening of skin due to scratching or rubbing
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o) Lichenification
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accumulation of fluid in cells/tissue
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p) Edematous
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thin, wrinkled skin with easily seen BV (loss of epidermis/dermis)
a. Aging b. Burns c. Corticosteroids |
q) Atrophy
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linear of punctuate exactions of epidermis due scratching, rubbing, picking
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r) Excoriation
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normal tissue is replaced by fibrosis at site of injury to dermis
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s) Scar
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separation of nail plate and nail bed
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iv. Onycholysis
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brown-yellow spots under nails
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i. “Oil Spots” of Psorosis
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similar to infectious exanthema w/ no bacteria, fungi, virus
a) Primary plaque on skin ; “Christmas tree” lesions b) Occurs in clusters among contacts |
Pityriasis Rosacea
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“to boil out”; often refers to dermatitis DESCRIPTIVE term
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Eczema
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heritable, pruritic inflammation of the skin associated with genetic atopy condition
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Atopic Dermatitis
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a. Spongiosis
b. Intraepidermal vesicles c. Acanthosis d. Parakeratosis e. Lymphocytic infiltrate (perivascular infiltrate) |
Atopic Dermatitis
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a. Parakeratosis
b. Acanthosis c. Neutrophil infiltration in dermis d. Lose granular layer in epidermis e. Edema |
Psoriasis
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i. PRURITIC ITCHING
ii. Dry erythmatous plaques, papules iii. Scaling, crusting, lichenification (with scratching) iv. Generally on face, neck, elbows, ankles, dorsal hands/feet |
Atopic Dermatitis
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inflammatory skin disease on lower extremity in pts w/ venous insufficiency
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Stasis Dermatitis
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a. 40-50 million US pts
b. Common in adolescents worse in males c. Drugs can worsen Sx corticosteroids, lithium d. May be due to Propionobacterium digesting sebum and causing inflammation within hair follicle |
Acne
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d) Treatments:
a. Topical i. Antibiotics ii. Benzoyl peroxide iii. Retinoids iv. Sulfur v. Salicylic Acid vi. Azeleic Acid |
Acne
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chronic disorder of the pileosabaceous units in the face
a) Capillary reactivity to heat b) Flushing c) Telangiectasia |
Acne Rosacea
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chronic acne infection of the APOCRINE glands swollen painful lesions in the axillae and groin
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Hidradenitis Suppurativa
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80% of skin cancers in US
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
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a. Round, ovoid papules
b. May be nodules or cysts c. See pearly, pink-red lesion d. Telangiectasis = BV radiate around lesion e. Rodent Ulcer = center of lesion is ulcerated |
Basal Cell Carcinoma
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b) 16% of skin cancers in US
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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removal of the tumor in layers
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e) Mohs Micrographic Surgery
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benign neoplasm composed of melanocytes
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Melanocytic Nevus
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round-oval, tan-brown color
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a. Junctional Nevus
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round-oval, slightly elevated, tan-dark brown, associated with hair
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b. Compound Nevus
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round-oval dome shape, may be nodule, can be skin color-pink
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c. Intradermal Nevus
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congenital very large mole that appears in infants
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Giant Congenital Nevus
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a) Large mole that appears in garment distribution = “Bathing Trunk Nevus”
a. Dark-brown to black pigment b. Usually >20 cm |
Giant Congenital Nevus
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small pigmented macule w/ increased pigmentation of the basal epidermis
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Lentigo
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MOST COMMON benign epithelial tumor
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Seborreheic Keratosis
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a. Tan macule -> tan, brown, gray, black papule
b. “Greasy” appearance c. “Stuck On” appearance |
Seborreheic Keratosis
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Horn Cysts present (hyperkeratosis and cysts w/ keratin)
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Seborreheic Keratosis
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a. 7th most common cancer
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Melanoma
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c. Most arise from dysplastic nevi
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Melanoma
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a. Sun exposure
b. Blond/red hair, freckles c. Dysplastic nevi d. History of sunburn e. Genetics 10% inherited |
Melanoma
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vertical depth of infiltration into dermis
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b. Breslow Depth
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a. Regional lymph nodes
b. Skin, SubQ tissues c. Lung, Liver, Brain, CNS, Bone, GI |
e) Melanoma can metastasize almost anywhere:
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skin infection due to DNA Poxvirus
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Molluscum Contagiosum
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dermatophyte infections of KERATINIZED skin, hair, and nails
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Tinea
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a) Transmission contact w/ infected person, animal, or soil
b) Recurrent infections c) Risk Factors: a. Heat/humidity b. Perspiration c. Irritation d. Occlusive clothing |
Tinea
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b) Risk Factors:
a. Heat/humidity b. Friction c. Moisture d. Diabetes e. Immunosuppression |
Cutaneous Candidiasis
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fungal infection of the neck, trunk, proximal extremities
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Tinea Versicolor
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superficial skin infection of Staph or Strep A
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Impetigo
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skin infection w/ Strep A that begins superficially and then goes deeper
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Erysipelas
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hypersensitivity reaction due to bacteria, virus, drug-induced
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a) Erythema Multiforme
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a. Most common cause = Herpes Virus
b. Clinical target-lesions w/ raised edematous papules c. Generally seen on palms/soles or mucous membranes |
Erythema Multiforme
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a. Widespread blisters on trunk and face common around lips
b. Erythematous and pruritic macules |
b) Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
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a) Cystitis
b) Pyeloneprhitis c) Prostatitis d) Epididymo-orchitis |
common infections of the urinary tract
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bacterial infection in males w/ symptoms of prostatitis scrotal pain
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Epididymo-orchitis
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c) Differential:
a. Young pts consider STD b. Scrotal pain in young pts need intense work-up for TESTICULAR TORSION |
Epididymo-orchitis
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