Ib English Iii Vocabulary

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Allegory

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The expression by means of symbolic fictional figures and actions of truths or generalizations about human existence

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Alliteration

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Repetition of initial consonant sounds in accented syllables

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Allusion

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Reference to a well known person, place event, literary work or work of art

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Analogy

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Extended comparison of relationships; based on the idea that the relationship between one pair of things is like the relationship between another pair

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Antagonist

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A person who actively opposes or is hostile to someone or something; an adversary

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Aphorism

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A pithy observation that contains a general truth

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Aside

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A remark made by one character to the audience, but no other character hears it

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Bias

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Prejudice; partiality

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Character foil

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Character who contrasts with another character - usually the protagonist - in order to highlight particular qualities of the other character

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Characterization

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Act of creating and developing a fictional person

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Conceit (imagery)

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Unusual and surprising comparison between 2 very different things

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Conflict

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Struggle between opposing forces

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Connotation/Connotative

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Associations that a word calls to mind

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Denotation/Denotative

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The literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests

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Dialect

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Form of a language spoken by people in a particular region or group

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Dialogue

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Conversation between 2 or more characters

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Diction

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The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing

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Epic

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Long narrative poem about the adventures of gods or a hero

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Equivocation

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Unclear

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Etymology

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The study of the origin of words and the way in which their meanings have changed throughout history

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Euphemism

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A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt

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Evidence

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A piece of information that supports a conclusion

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Anecdotal evidence

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Informal account of evidence in the form of an anecdote or hearsay

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Empirical evidence

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Scientifically based research from fields such as psychology, sociology, economics and neuroscience and especially from research in educational

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Logical evidence

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Reasonable; to be expected

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Figurative language

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Writing or speech that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation

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Flashback

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A scene in a movie, novel, etc., set in a time earlier than the main story

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Foreshadowing

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A warning or indication of a future event

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Genre

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Category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter

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Hyperbole

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Deliberate exaggeration or overstatement

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Idiom

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A group of words established by usage as having a meaning not deducible from those of the individual words

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Imagery

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Descriptive language in literature to recreate sensory experiences

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Inference

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A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning

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Irony

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The expression of ones meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect

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Dramatic irony

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Irony that is inherent in speeches or a situation of a drama and is understood by the audience but not grasped by the characters in the play

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Verbal irony

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Irony in which a person says or writes one thing and means another

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Situational irony

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Irony involving a situation in which actions have an effect that is opposite from what was intended so that the outcome is contrary to what was expected

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Literal language

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Uses words exactly according to their proper meanings or precise definitions

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Main character/ protagonist

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The leading character or one of the major characters in a drama, movie, novel or other fictional text

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Metaphor

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Figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable

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Mood

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The way you feel when reading

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Narrative

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Anything that uses a narrator; a story

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Onomatopoeia

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Formation of a word from a sound associated with what it is named

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Parody

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Imitation of the style of a particular writer, artist or genre with deliberate exaggeration for comic effect

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Personification

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Attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman or the representation of an abstract quality in human form

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Prose

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Any writing that isn't poetry

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Satire

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Use of humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other issues

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Setting

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Place or type of surroundings where something is positioned or where an event takes place

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Simile

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Figure of speech involving comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind

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Slang

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Non-standard English

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Soliloquy

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Character's thoughts spoken aloud

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Symbolism

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Use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities

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Synopsis

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A brief summary or general survey of something

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Theme

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Subject of a talk or a piece of writing

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Tone

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Author's attitude towards the story

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Paradox

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Situation in which something seems both true and false