I/o Psychology Chapter 1

Front 1

a branch of psychology that applies the principlesof psychology to the workplace

Back 1

Industrial/organizational psychology

Front 2

field of study that concentrates on the selection of and evaluation of employees

Back 2

personnel psychology

Front 3

field of study that investigates the behavior of employees within the context of an organization

Back 3

organizational psychology

Front 4

a field of study concentrating on the interaction between humans and machines

Back 4

human factors

Front 5

an intelligence test developed during WW I and used by the army for soldiers who can read

Back 5

army alpha

Front 6

an inteligence test developed during WW I and used by the army for soliders who can not read

Back 6

army beta

Front 7

a series of studies, conducted in the Western Electric plant in Hawthorne, Illinois, that have come to represent any change in behavior when people react to a change in the environment

Back 7

hawthorne studies

Front 8

when employees change their behavior due solely to the fact that they are receiving attention or being observed

Back 8

hawthorne effect

Front 9

a standardized admission test required by most psychology graduate schools

Back 9

Graduate Record Exam (GRE)

Front 10

graduate programs that offer a master's degree but not a Ph.D.

Back 10

Terminal master's degree programs

Front 11

situation in which a student works for an organization either for pay or as a volunteer, to receive practical work experience

Back 11

internship

Front 12

a paid or unpaid position with an organization that gives a student practical work experience

Back 12

practicum

Front 13

formal research paper required of most doctoral students in order to graduate

Back 13

dissertation

Front 14

an education prediction about the answer to a research question

Back 14

hypothesis

Front 15

a systematic set of assumptions regarding the cause and nature of behavior

Back 15

theory

Front 16

a written collection of articles describing the methods and results of new research

Back 16

journals

Front 17

collection of articles for those "in the biz"about related professional topics, seldom directly reporting the methods and results of new research

Back 17

trade magazines

Front 18

an unscientific collection of articles about a wide range of topics

Back 18

magazines

Front 19

the extent to which research results can be expected to hold true outside the specific setting in which they were obtained

Back 19

external validity / generalizability

Front 20

research conducted in a natural setting as opposed to a lab

Back 20

field research

Front 21

the formal process by which subjects give permission to be included in a study

Back 21

informed consent

Front 22

a committee designed to ensure the ethical treatment of research subjects

Back 22

Institutional Review Board

Front 23

the result of a well-controlled experiment about which the researcher can confidently state that the independent variable caused the change in the dependent variable

Back 23

Cause-and-effect relationships

Front 24

a type of research study in which the independent variable is manipulated by the experimenter

Back 24

experiment

Front 25

the alteration of a variable by an experimenter in expectation that the alteration will result in a change in the dependent variable

Back 25

manipulation

Front 26

the manipulated variable in an experiment

Back 26

independent variable

Front 27

the measure of behavior that is expected to change as a result of changes in the independent variabel

Back 27

dependent variable

Front 28

in an experiment, the group of subjects that receives the experimental treatment of interest to the experimenter

Back 28

experimental group

Front 29

a group of employees who do not receive a particular type of training so that their performance can be compared with that of employees who do receive training

Back 29

control group

Front 30

research method in which the experimenter does not manipulate the independent variable or in which subjects are not randomly assigned to conditions

Back 30

quasi-experiments

Front 31

research that involves the use of previously collected data

Back 31

archival research

Front 32

used in meta-analysis, a statistic that indicates the amount of change caused by an experimental manipulation

Back 32

effect size

Front 33

used in meta-analysis, a statistics that is the average of the effect sizes for all studies included in the analysis

Back 33

mean effect size

Front 34

a statistic, resulting from performing a correlation, that indicates the magnitude and direction of a relationship

Back 34

correlation coefficients

Front 35

a type of effect size used in meta-analysis that is signified by the letter d and indicates how many standard deviations separate the mean score for the experimental group from the control group

Back 35

difference score

Front 36

the extent to which the results of a study have actual impact on human behavior

Back 36

practical significance

Front 37

a sample in which every member of the relevant population had an equal change of being chosen to participate in the study

Back 37

random sample

Front 38

a nonrandom sample that is used because it is easily available

Back 38

convenience sample

Front 39

the random, unbiased assignment of subjects in a research sample to the various experimental and control conditions

Back 39

random assignment

Front 40

informing the subject in an experiment about the purpose of the study in which he or she was a participant and providing any other relevant information

Back 40

debriefed

Front 41

a statistical procedure used to measure the relationship between two variables

Back 41

correlation

Front 42

a third variable that can often explain the relationship between two other variables

Back 42

intervening variable