Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How can hyperlipidemia be treated?
|
- reducing LDL with diet or drugs
|
|
|
What is the mechanism for statins?
|
inhibit HMG-CoA (catalyzes cholesterol synthesis)
- less cholesterol is made in liver, therefore liver will increase LDL receptors on hepatocytes - this will pick up more cholesterol from blood |
|
|
What are other potential cardioprotective effects of statins?
|
- increase NO synthesis
- reduce degradation of plaque matrix - less chance of rupture - anti-inflammatory? - reduce oxidation of LDL and uptake by macrophages -> causes lesions - reduce platelet aggregation and alter fibrinogen levels |
|
|
fibrates
|
- drugs of cohice to treat severe hypertriglyceridemia to prevent pancreaitis
- activates a nuclear transcription factor receptor (PPAR-a) which causes metabolic changes |
|
|
drug-drug interaction between fibrates and statins?
|
can cause myopathy
|
|
|
niacin
|
water soluble B-complex vitamin
- reduce LDL - best agent to increase HDL-C - reduce triglyceride |
|
|
niacin mechanism of action
|
increase lipoprotein lipase activity, which removes chylomicrons and VLDL from blood
increase HDL-C levels by reducing their clearance in liver |
|
|
adverse effects of niacin
|
- flushing
- dyspepsia - pruritis - hepatotoxicity ** - avoid in peptic ulcer and gout, pregnancy - niacin + statin -> myopathy |
|
|
cholestyramine
colesevelam colestipol |
bile acid resins
|
|
|
bile acid resin mechanism
|
binds negatively charged bile acids; liver then has to synthesize new bile acid and uses cholesterol from blood
|
|
|
bile acid resin side effect
|
interferes with absorption of fat soluble vitamins, folic acid, ascorbic acid and fat soluble drugs
GI discomfort |
|
|
ezetimibe
|
- prevents absorption of dietary cholesterol from intestines
- not a resin |
|
|
orlistat
|
obesity drug
- inhibits pancreatic and intestinal lipases |
|
|
sibutramine
|
- anorectic
- inhibits reuptake of NE, 5-HT and dopamine and increases their concentration in the brain |
|
|
phentermine
diethylproprion |
other anti-obesity drugs
|
